GoLand ships with a bundled version of Delve. Update to 2018.2.2 and it should work. If you need to do remote debugging, then you need to update your Delve installation on/for the target machine as well (make sure you compile it with Go 1.11).
Edit:
There are two more possible cases where this issue can appear:
- the application was compiled with all the debugging flags turned off and the additional debugging information stripped
- the application uses the standard library "plugin" package, which is known to cause an issue in the Go compiler. This will be fixed in Go 1.12.