我用C++做了一个图书管理系统，代码如下。刚开始没有创建数据文件时运行正常，但往文件中添加数据之后再运行程序就报错，求大神帮忙分析一下原因，本人将感激不尽！
调用堆栈：
//book.h
#ifndef _book_h_
#define _book_h_
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Book //图书类
{
private:
int note; //删除标记(1:已删,0:未删)
string number; //图书编号
string name; //书名
int onshelf; //上架标志
int count; //上架数量
public:
Book()
{
note = 0;
onshelf = 0;
count = 0;
}
string getname(); //获得书名
int getnote(); //获得删除标记
string getnumber(); //获得图书编号
int getonshelf(); //获得上架标志(1.上架,0.下架)
int getcount(); //获得上架数量
void setname(string na); //设置书名
void delbook(); //删除图书
void addbook(string n,string na); //添加图书
void addbook(int c);
void borrowbook(); //借书操作
void rebook(); //还书操作
void list(); //输出图书列表
};
#endif
//reader.h
#ifndef _reader_h_
#define _reader_h_
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
const int maxbor = 5; //最大借阅量
class Reader
{
private:
int note; //删除标记(1:已删,0:未删)
string number; //读者编号
string name; //读者姓名
string borbook[maxbor]; //所借图书
public:
Reader() { note = 0; }
string getname(); //获得姓名
int getnote(); //获得删除标记
string getnumber(); //获得读者编号
void setname(string na); //设置姓名
void delreader(); //删除读者
void addreader(string n, string na); //添加读者
void borrowbook(string bookid); //借书操作
void rebook(string bookid); //还书操作
void list(); //输出读者信息
};
#endif
//bdatabase.h
#ifndef _bdatadase_h_
#define _bdatabase_h_
#include<iostream>
#include"book.h"
using namespace std;
const int maxb = 100; //最大图书种类数
class BDatabase
{
private:
int top; //图书记录指针
Book book[maxb]; //图书记录
public:
BDatabase(); //构造函数：读文件
void clear(); //全部删除
void addbook(string n, string na, int c); //添加图书
Book* search(string bookid); //查找图书
void list(); //输出图书信息
void bookdata(); //图书库维护
~BDatabase(); //析构函数：写文件
};
#endif
//rdatabase.h
#ifndef _rdatadase_h_
#define _rdatabase_h_
#include<iostream>
#include"reader.h"
using namespace std;
const int maxr = 100; //最大读者数
class RDatabase
{
private:
int top; //读者记录指针
Reader read[maxr]; //读者记录
public:
RDatabase(); //构造函数:读文件
void clear(); //删除所有读者信息
void addreader(string n, string na); //添加读者
Reader* search(string readerid); //按编号查找
void list(); //输出所有读者信息
void readerdata(); //读者库维护
~RDatabase(); //析构函数:写文件
};
#endif
//book.cpp
#include<iomanip>
#include"book.h"
string Book::getname()
{
return name;
}
int Book::getnote()
{
return note;
}
string Book::getnumber()
{
return number;
}
int Book::getonshelf()
{
return onshelf;
}
int Book::getcount()
{
return count;
}
void Book::setname(string na)
{
name = na;
cout << "图书更改成功" << endl;
}
void Book::addbook(string n, string na)
{
note = 0;
number = n;
name = na;
onshelf = 1;
}
void Book::addbook(int c)
{
count = count + c;
}
void Book::delbook()
{
note = 1;
cout << "图书删除成功" << endl;
}
void Book::borrowbook()
{
if (count == 0)
cout << "该图书已全部借出，不能借书！" << endl;
else
{
count = count - 1;
cout << "借书成功" << endl;
}
}
void Book::rebook()
{
count = count + 1;
cout << "还书成功" << endl;
}
void Book::list()
{
cout << setw(10) << number << setw(10) << name << setw(10) << onshelf << setw(10) << count << endl;
}
//reader.cpp
#include<iomanip>
#include"reader.h"
string Reader::getname()
{
return name;
}
int Reader::getnote()
{
return note;
}
string Reader::getnumber()
{
return number;
}
void Reader::setname(string na)
{
name = na;
cout << "读者更改成功" << endl;
}
void Reader::addreader(string n, string na)
{
note = 0;
number = n;
name = na;
for (int i = 0; i < maxbor; i++)
borbook[i] = "0";
}
void Reader::delreader()
{
note = 1;
cout << "读者删除成功" << endl;
}
void Reader::borrowbook(string bookid)
{
for (int i = 0; i < maxbor; i++)
if (borbook[i] == "0")
borbook[i] = bookid;
}
void Reader::rebook(string bookid)
{
for (int i = 0; i < maxbor; i++)
if (borbook[i] == bookid)
borbook[i] = "0";
}
void Reader::list()
{
cout << setw(10) << number << setw(10) << name << setw(10);
for (int i = 0; i < maxbor; i++)
if (borbook[i] != "0")
cout << borbook[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
//bdatabase.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include"bdatabase.h"
using namespace std;
BDatabase::BDatabase()
{
Book s;
top = -1;
fstream file;
file.open("book.dat", ios::in | ios::binary);
while (1)
{
file.read((char*)& s, sizeof(s));
if (!file)break;
top++;
book[top] = s;
}
file.close();
}
void BDatabase::clear()
{
top = -1;
cout << "全部图书删除成功" << endl;
}
Book* BDatabase::search(string bookid)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if (book[i].getnumber() == bookid && book[i].getnote() == 0)
return &book[i];
return NULL;
}
void BDatabase::addbook(string n, string na,int c)
{
Book* p = search(n);
if (p == NULL)
{
top++;
book[top].addbook(n, na);
book[top].addbook(c);
}
else
p->addbook(c);
cout << "图书添加成功" << endl;
}
void BDatabase::list()
{
cout << setw(10) << "图书编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "上架标志" << setw(10) << "上架数量" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if (book[i].getnote() == 0)
book[i].list();
}
BDatabase::~BDatabase()
{
fstream file;
file.open("book.dat", ios::out | ios::binary | ios::app);
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if (book[i].getnote() == 0)
file.write((char*)& book[i], sizeof(book[i]));
file.close();
}
void BDatabase::bookdata()
{
int choice = 1;
string bookname;
string bookid;
int count;
Book* b;
while (choice != 0)
{
cout << "图书维护：" << endl;
cout << "1:新增 2：更改 3：删除 4：查找 5：显示 6：全删 0：退出" << endl;
cin >> choice;
cin.ignore();
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
cout << "输入图书编号：";
getline(cin, bookid);
cout << "输入图书名：";
getline(cin, bookname);
cout << "输入添加数量：";
cin >> count;
cin.ignore();
addbook(bookid, bookname, count);
break;
case 2:
cout << "输入图书编号：";
getline(cin, bookid);
b = search(bookid);
if (b == NULL)
{
cout << "该图书不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << "输入新的图书名：";
getline(cin, bookname);
b->setname(bookname);
break;
case 3:
cout << "输入图书编号：";
getline(cin, bookid);
b = search(bookid);
if (b == NULL)
{
cout << "该图书不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
b->delbook();
break;
case 4:
cout << "输入图书编号：";
getline(cin, bookid);
b = search(bookid);
if (b == NULL)
{
cout << "该图书不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << setw(10) << "图书编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "上架标志" << setw(10) << "上架数量" << endl;
b->list();
break;
case 5:
list(); break;
case 6:
clear(); break;
}
}
}
//rdatabase.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include"rdatabase.h"
using namespace std;
RDatabase::RDatabase()
{
Reader s;
top = -1;
ifstream file;
file.open("reader.dat", ios::in | ios::binary);
while (1)
{
file.read((char*)& s, sizeof(s));
if (!file)break;
top++;
read[top] = s;
}
file.close();
}
void RDatabase::clear()
{
top = -1;
cout << "全部读者删除成功" << endl;
}
Reader* RDatabase::search(string readerid)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if (read[i].getnumber() == readerid && read[i].getnote() == 0)
return &read[i];
return NULL;
}
void RDatabase::addreader(string n, string na)
{
Reader* p = search(n);
if (p == NULL)
{
top++;
read[top].addreader(n, na);
cout << "读者添加成功" << endl;
}
else
cout << "该读者已存在！" << endl;
}
void RDatabase::list()
{
cout << setw(10) << "读者编号" << setw(10) << "读者姓名" << setw(10) << "借书编号" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if(read[i].getnote()==0)
read[i].list();
}
RDatabase::~RDatabase()
{
fstream file;
file.open("reader.dat", ios::out | ios::binary | ios::app);
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
if (read[i].getnote() == 0)
file.write((char*)& read[i], sizeof(read[i]));
file.close();
}
void RDatabase::readerdata()
{
int choice = 1;
string readername;
string readerid;
Reader* r;
while (choice != 0)
{
cout << "读者维护：" << endl;
cout << "1:新增 2：更改 3：删除 4：查找 5：显示 6：全删 0：退出" << endl;
cin >> choice;
cin.ignore();
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
cout << "输入读者编号：";
getline(cin, readerid);
cout << "输入读者姓名：";
getline(cin, readername);
addreader(readerid, readername);
break;
case 2:
cout << "输入读者编号：";
getline(cin, readerid);
r = search(readerid);
if (r == NULL)
{
cout << "该读者不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << "输入新的姓名：";
getline(cin, readername);
r->setname(readername);
break;
case 3:
cout << "输入读者编号：";
getline(cin, readerid);
r = search(readerid);
if (r == NULL)
{
cout << "该读者不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
r->delreader();
break;
case 4:
cout << "输入读者编号：";
getline(cin, readerid);
r = search(readerid);
if (r == NULL)
{
cout << "该读者不存在！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << setw(10) << "读者编号" << setw(10) << "读者姓名" << setw(10) << "借书编号" << endl;
r->list();
break;
case 5:
list(); break;
case 6:
clear(); break;
}
}
}
//library.cpp
#include"reader.h"
#include"rdatabase.h"
#include"book.h"
#include"bdatabase.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int choice = 1;
string bookid, readerid;
RDatabase ReaderDB;
BDatabase BookDB;
Reader* r;
Book* b;
cout << "欢迎进入“小小图书馆”管理软件" << endl << endl;
while (choice != 0)
{
cout << "1: 借书 2: 还书 3: 图书维护 4: 读者维护 0: 离开" << endl;
cin >> choice;
cin.ignore();
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
system("cls");
cout << "输入借书读者编号";
getline(cin, readerid);
cout << "输入图书编号";
getline(cin, bookid);
r = ReaderDB.search(readerid);
if (r == NULL)
{
cout << "该读者不存在，不能借书！" << endl;
break;
}
b = BookDB.search(bookid);
if (b == NULL)
{
cout << "该图书不存在，不能借书！" << endl;
break;
}
b->borrowbook();
r->borrowbook(b->getnumber());
break;
case 2:
system("cls");
cout << "输入还书读者编号";
getline(cin, readerid);
cout << "输入图书编号";
getline(cin, bookid);
r = ReaderDB.search(readerid);
if (r == NULL)
{
cout << "该读者不存在，不能还书！" << endl;
break;
}
b = BookDB.search(bookid);
if (b == NULL)
{
cout << "该图书不存在，不能还书！" << endl;
break;
}
b->rebook();
r->rebook(b->getnumber());
break;
case 3:
system("cls");
BookDB.bookdata(); break;
case 4:
system("cls");
ReaderDB.readerdata(); break;
}
}
return 0;
}
