未知方法 - 在活动记录模型属性Yii2上使用set / get方法时

Question

Lets say I have a table 'account' with below structure

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `account` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'Id',
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Name',
  `index` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Index',
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'UserID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `user_id` (`user_id`)
)

I have created a model 'Account' for that using gii.

When I try create new account, I want user_id to be assigned from session

So, In the controller, I tried like below.

$model = new Account();
$model->**setUser_Id**(Yii::$app->user->getID());

if ($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save())

But, I don't write any setUser_Id method in Account model, since I assumed when I call set methods, it will automatically assign the property of ActiveRecord.

But its throwing error. But it works fine when I try

$model->user_id = Yii::$app->user->getID();

As per documentation http://www.yiiframework.com/wiki/167/understanding-virtual-attributes-and-get-set-methods/, Note that the get/set functions can be called directly as functions (but requiring the usual function-call parentheses):

$x = $model->fullname;
$x = $model->getFullname();        // same thing

$model->active = 1;
$model->setActive(1);              // same thing

Can you experts throw some light on this please?

Answer 1

[edit] read the question a bit better and did few clarifications to make the answer more comprehensive.

The exception is actually expected.

The way the whole virtual attributes functionality has been implemented in Yii shows that when calling $model->attribute the magic methods __get() and __set() search for the attribute name in the table columns, and if not, search for the getter or setter, respectively, that you might have implemented. (That's very approximate but should give you the idea, more information can be seen by looking at the code: https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/blob/master/framework/db/BaseActiveRecord.php#L237)

This means that the virtual attributes work only one way natively. Otherwise you can always access them via a direct method call using $model->getAttribute('my_attribute'); and $model->setAttribute('my_attribute', $value);

The example you're taking from the link you posted is out of context (apart having been written for Yii 1): in there you get the getter/setter implemented manually and later called in both ways.

The only case where names might not be coherent with what you have in the database is when the table name contains underscores, in which case they'll be removed: e.g. people_manager becomes PeopleManager as class name for the model.

It's not anyway clear what you're trying to achieve, this might help us give you a better direction on how to achieve what you want.