在HTML中搜索和替换单词

Question

what I'm trying to do is make a 'jargon buster'. Basically I have some html and some glossary terms in a database. When the person clicks on jargon buster it replaces the words in the text with a nice tooltip (wztooltip) which shows them the meanings.

I've been trying hard on this one and been looking heavily at this question Regex / DOMDocument - match and replace text not in a link

and it seems like the answer lies in the simple_html_dom libs but I'm having trouble getting it to work. Obviously any words already linked don't get touched. Here is a strip down of what I've got.

$html = str_get_html($article['content']);

$query_glossary = "SELECT word,glossary_term_id,info FROM glossary_terms WHERE status = 1  ORDER BY LENGTH(word) DESC";
$result_glossary = mysql_query_run($query_glossary);

while($glossary = mysql_fetch_array($result_glossary)) {
    $glossary_link = SITEURL.'/glossary/term/'.string_to_url($glossary['word']).'-'.$glossary['glossary_term_id'];
    if(strlen($glossary['info'])>400) {
        $glossary_info = substr(strip_tags($glossary['info']),0,350).' ...<br /> <a href="'.$glossary_link.'">Read More</a>';
    }
    else {
        $glossary_info = $glossary['info'];
    }
    $glossary_tip = 'href="javascript:;" onmouseout="UnTip();" class="article_jargon_highligher" onmouseover="'.tooltip_javascript('<a href="'.$glossary_link.'">'.$glossary['word'].'</a>',$glossary_info,400,1,0,1).'"';
    $glossary_word = $glossary['word'];
    $glossary_word = preg_quote($glossary_word,'/');

    //once done we can replace the words with a nice tip    
    foreach ($html->find('text') as $element) {
        if (!in_array($element->parent()->tag,array())) {
            //problems are case aren't taken into account and grammer
            $element->innertext = str_ireplace(''.$glossary['word'].' ',' <a '.$glossary_tip.' >'.$glossary['word'].'</a> ', $element->innertext);

           //$element->innertext = str_ireplace(''.$glossary['word'].',',' <a '.$glossary_tip.'>'.$glossary['word'].'</a> ', $element->innertext);
           //$element->innertext = preg_replace ("/\s(".$glossary_word.")\s/ise","nothing(' <a'.'$glossary_tip.'>'.'$1'.'</a> ')" , $element->innertext);
          // $element->innertext = str_replace('__glossary_tip_replace__',$glossary_tip, $element->innertext);
        }
    }
}
$article['content'] = $html->save();

Answer 1

Use the inverted word character \W to select for any characters other than numbers and letters in your regex pattern. Because this would still fail at the boundaries of the text blob, you would also need to test those conditions as well. Thus using the word 'term' as the text you are searching for:

(^term$)|(^term\W)|(\Wterm\W)|(\Wterm$)

The first condition checks to make sure that term isn't the only contents of the blob, the second checks if its the first word, the third if it contained within the blob, and the last if its the last word.

If you want to consider any other characters as word characters (say a hyphen) you would need to repace the \W with [^\w\-].

Hope this helps. There are probably optimizations that can performed as well, but this should at least be a good starting point.