为什么我不能做fmt.Sprintf（“％d。％d。％d。％d”，a ...）？

Question

I'm learning Go and I'm stuck with Go tour (exercise-stringer.go: https://tour.golang.org/methods/7).

Here's some code:

type IPAddr [4]byte  
// TODO: Add a "String() string" method to IPAddr.
func (a IPAddr) String() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d.%d.%d", a...)
}

So I figured the inner representation of IPAddr is [4]byte, so spread operator works. But I'm getting:

cannot use []string literal (type []string) as type []interface {} in argument to fmt.Sprintf

What the heck? String slice doesn't work either, what's going on here?

EDIT: Sorry, there's an error in my question - error was about type IPAddr, not []string. I was playing with the code and I've pasted wrong output. Anyway, thanks to peterSO and 0x434D53 about invariance of slices in Go.

Well, this raises another question. Why is it implemented in this way? I imagine you'd just have some Iterable interface, so any struct implementing it would "just work".

Sidenote: when I first heard about Go there was this bold statement "compiled, but expressive". And explicit interface implementation is great example of this, but things like explicit conversion, lack of operator overloading and so on give me "90s Java feel". Which is sad, because Go seems like a great language.

Answer 1

A Tour of Go

Exercise: Stringers

Make the IPAddr type implement fmt.Stringer to print the address as a dotted quad.

For instance, IPAddr{1, 2, 3, 4} should print as "1.2.3.4".

package main

import "fmt"

type IPAddr [4]byte

// TODO: Add a "String() string" method to IPAddr.

func main() {
  addrs := map[string]IPAddr{
      "loopback":  {127, 0, 0, 1},
      "googleDNS": {8, 8, 8, 8},
  }
  for n, a := range addrs {
      fmt.Printf("%v: %v
", n, a)
  }
}

There is no implicit conversion of []string to []interface {}. See Conversions in The Go Programming Language Specification. You need to provide an explicit conversion. For example,

package main

import "fmt"

type IPAddr [4]byte

// A "String() string" method for IPAddr.
func (a IPAddr) String() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d.%d.%d", a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3])
}

func main() {
    addrs := map[string]IPAddr{
        "loopback":  {127, 0, 0, 1},
        "googleDNS": {8, 8, 8, 8},
    }
    for n, a := range addrs {
        fmt.Printf("%v: %v
", n, a)
    }
}

Output:

loopback: 127.0.0.1
googleDNS: 8.8.8.8