如何在golang proto中获取所有字段名称生成复杂的结构

Question

I am trying to get all the fields names in the go file generated from proto. Below is the generated struct.

type Action struct {
    Name             string            `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=name,proto3" json:"name,omitempty"`
    // Types that are valid to be assigned to ActionType:
    //  *Action_TaskAction
    ActionType           isAction_ActionType `protobuf_oneof:"action_type"`
}

As it is seen that ActionType is oneof Field in proto which is implemented as below.

type isAction_ActionType interface {
    isAction_ActionType()
}

type Action_TaskAction struct {
    TaskAction *TaskAction `protobuf:"bytes,16,opt,name=task_action,json=taskAction,proto3,oneof"`
}

type TaskAction struct {
    Progress             float32  `protobuf:"fixed32,1,opt,name=progress,proto3" json:"progress,omitempty"`
}

As I want to get the field name in TaskAction struct which is Progress.

I am using below code to get the field names but facing issue if the field type is interface(for oneof field)

func printFieldNames(t reflect.Type) error {
    for i := 0; i < t.NumField(); i++ {
        field := t.Field(i)
        if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
            printFieldNames(field.Type)
            continue
        }
        if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Interface {
            // what to do here.
        }
        column := field.Tag.Get("json")
        fmt.Println("column: ", column)
    }
    return nil
}

Answer 1

If the type is interface, you can't do much about that. In an actual value it may be a struct or any other type that implements that interface, but the interface type itself cannot tell you this, it does not restrict the concrete type.

You may do what you want if you start with reflect.Value instead of reflect.Type, because if you have a value, you can examine the value (or its type) that is stored in the interface. To get the reflect.Value descriptor wrapped in an interface value, you may use reflect.Elem().

Also, to handle pointer to structs, you again may use reflect.Elem() to get the pointed value. You may check if a value is a pointer by comparing its kind to reflect.Ptr.

Here's an example of your printFieldNames(), rewritten to work with reflect.Value, and it recurses into structs stored in interface values. This is not a solution that handles all cases, but demonstrates how to do it:

func printFieldNames(v reflect.Value) {
    for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
        field := v.Field(i)
        if field.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
            field = field.Elem()
        }
        if field.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
            printFieldNames(field)
            continue
        }
        if field.Kind() == reflect.Interface {
            wrapped := field.Elem()
            if wrapped.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
                wrapped = wrapped.Elem()
            }
            printFieldNames(wrapped)
        }
        structfield := v.Type().Field(i)
        column := structfield.Tag.Get("json")
        fmt.Printf("column: %s, json tag: %s
", structfield.Name, column)
    }
}

Testing it:

a := Action{
    ActionType: Action_TaskAction{
        TaskAction: &TaskAction{},
    },
}
printFieldNames(reflect.ValueOf(a))

Output will be (try it on the Go Playground):

column: Name, json tag: name,omitempty
column: Progress, json tag: progress,omitempty
column: ActionType, json tag: