dswy34539
dswy34539
2013-07-14 07:07

如何在Go中使用常量字符串变量中的嵌套模板？

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I have been trying to use nested templates in Go, however the Examples or help documents are not helping me, and examples in 3 other blogs are not what I'm looking for (one is close and maybe the only way but I want to make sure)

OK, so my code is for App Engine, in here I will be doing an urlfetch to a server, and then I want to show some results, like the Response, headers, and body.

const statusTemplate = `
{{define "RT"}}
Status      - {{.Status}}
Proto       - {{.Proto}}
{{end}}
{{define "HT"}}
{{range $key, $val := .}}
{{$key}} - {{$val}}
{{end}}
{{end}}
{{define "BT"}}
{{.}}
{{end}}
{{define "MT"}}
<html>
    <body>
        <pre>
-- Response --
{{template "RT"}}

--  Header  --
{{template "HT"}}

--   Body   --
{{template "BT"}}
        </pre>
    </body>
</html>
{{end}}
{{template "MT"}}`

func showStatus(w http.ResponseWriterm r *http.Request) {
    /*
     *  code to get:
     *  resp as http.Response
     *  header as a map with the header values
     *  body as an string wit the contents
     */
    t := template.Must(template.New("status").Parse(statusTemplate)
    t.ExecuteTemplate(w, "RT", resp)
    t.ExecuteTemplate(w, "HT", header)
    t.ExecuteTemplate(w, "BT", body)
    t.Execute(w, nil)
}

My code actually outputs the RT, HT, and BT templates with the correct values, and then it outputs the MT template empty (MT stands for main template).

So... How can I use nested forms from a string variable so that an example as the above works?

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2条回答

  • dongzanxun2790 dongzanxun2790 8年前

    I think the approach you try with nested templates is wrong. If you want . to be defined inside a nested template, you have to supply an argument to the call to the nested template, just as you do with the ExecuteTemplate function:

    {{define "RT"}}
Status      - {{.Status}}
Proto       - {{.Proto}}
{{end}}
{{define "HT"}}
{{range $key, $val := .}}
{{$key}} - {{$val}}
{{end}}
{{end}}
{{define "BT"}}
{{.}}
{{end}}
{{define "MT"}}
<html>
    <body>
        <pre>
-- Response --
{{template "RT" .Resp}}

--  Header  --
{{template "HT" .Header}}

--   Body   --
{{template "BT" .Body}}
        </pre>
    </body>
</html>
{{end}}
{{template "MT"}}

    The important part you seem to miss is that templates do not encapsulate state. When you execute a template, the engine evaluates the template for the given argument and then writes out the generated text. It does not save the argument or anything that was generated for future invocations.

    Documentation

    Relevant part of the documentation:

    Actions

    Here is the list of actions. "Arguments" and "pipelines" are evaluations of data, defined in detail below. 

    ...

{{template "name"}}
  The template with the specified name is executed with nil data.

{{template "name" pipeline}}
  The template with the specified name is executed with dot set
  to the value of the pipeline.

...

    I hope this clears up things.

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  • dongzhuo7291 dongzhuo7291 8年前

    have a look at this tutorial:
    http://javatogo.blogspot.com

    there it is explained how to use nested templates.

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