如何等待第一个完成的goroutine

Question

I have two algorithm for same task, one is best for some cases and one for some other cases.

So I would like to start two goroutines at the same time whenever processing the task, and only use the result returned by the first finished goroutine.

Also, in the result, I need to know it is returned by which algorithm. And if I think the first returned result is not right, I would like to wait for the second result.

I read thru the doc of https://golang.org/pkg/sync/, seems it can only wait for all goroutine finish.

How can I implement this idea in golang?

Answer 1

I don't think you need to use sync, though I'm sure you could come up with a solution that does. I think the simplest solution is to:

1. Create a new channel for each piece of data. I'm not sure of the performance impact of this, so you might do some checking on that.
2. Send the same output channel to both algorithms.
3. Take the first value that comes off the channel and see if you like it.
4. If you don't, take the second value.
5. Continue without worrying about the open channel. We have garbage collection in go.

Something like this:

type Result struct {
    Value     string
    Algorithm string
}

func (r *Result) String() string {
    return r.Value
}

func A(in string, out chan *Result) {
    out <- &Result{"A", "A"}
}

func B(in string, out chan *Result) {
    out <- &Result{"B", "B"}
}

func main() {
    data := []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}

    for _, datum := range data {
        resultChan := make(chan *Result, 2)
        expectedResult := "B"

        go A(datum, resultChan)
        go B(datum, resultChan)

        result := <-resultChan
        if result.Value != expectedResult {
            fmt.Println("Unexpected result: ", result)
            result = <-resultChan
        }

        fmt.Println("Got result: ", result)
    }
}