如何使用通道安全地同步Golang中的数据

Question

Below is an example of how to use mutex lock in order to safely access data. My question is how would I go about doing the same with the use of CSP( Communication sequential Processes) instead of using mutex lock´s and unlock´s?

type Stack struct {
  top    *Element
  size   int
  sync.Mutex
}

func (ss *Stack) Len() int {
  ss.Lock()
  size := ss.size
  ss.Unlock()
  return size

}

func (ss *Stack) Push(value interface{}) {
  ss.Lock()
  ss.top = &Element{value, ss.top}
  ss.size++
  ss.Unlock()
}

func (ss *SafeStack) Pop() (value interface{}) {
  ss.Lock()
  size := ss.size
  ss.Unlock()
  if size > 0 {
    ss.Lock()
    value, ss.top = ss.top.value, ss.top.next
    ss.size--
    ss.Unlock()
    return
  }

  return nil
}

Answer 1

If you actually were to look at how Go implements channels, you'd essentially see a mutex around an array with some additional thread handling to block execution until the value is passed through. A channel's job is to move data from one spot in memory to another with ease. Therefore where you have locks and unlocks, you'd have things like this example:

func example() {
    resChan := make(int chan)
    go func(){
        resChan <- 1
    }()
    go func(){
        res := <-resChan
    }
}

So in the example, the first goroutine is blocked after sending the value until the second goroutine reads from the channel.

To do this in Go with mutexes, one would use sync.WaitGroup which will add one to the group on setting the value, then release it from the group and the second goroutine will lock and then unlock the value.

The oddities in your example are 1 no goroutines, so it's all happening in a single main goroutine and the locks are being used more traditionally (as in c thread like) so channels won't really accomplish anything. The example you have would be considered an anti-pattern, like the golang proverb says "Don't communicate by sharing memory, share memory by communicating."