map [string]结构体中的结构体

The json provided is not valid (as the array does not have a closing ] and the top level json object lacks another closing }) so let's assume it's like:

{
  "jailbreaks": [
    {
      "jailbroken": false,
      "name": "",
      "version": "",
      "url": "",
      "anleitung": [],
      "ios": {
        "start": "10.2.1",
        "end": ""
      },
      "platforms": [],
      "caveats": ""
    },
    {
      "jailbroken": true,
      "name": "Yalu102",
      "version": "beta 6",
      "url": "https://domain-dl.tld",
      "anleitung": [
        {
          "blog": "title",
          "link": "http://domain.tld/"
        },
        {
          "blog": "Test",
          "link": "http://google.at"
        }
      ],
      "ios": {
        "start": "10.2",
        "end": ""
      },
      "platforms": [
        "Windows",
        "OS X",
        "Linux"
      ],
      "caveats": "some text here"
    }
  ]
}

The data structure Jailbreaks (first one), marshals-to/unmarshals-from this json properly:

type Jailbreaks struct {
    List []Jailbreak `json:"jailbreaks"`
}

type Jailbreak struct {
    Jailbroken bool   `json:"jailbroken"`
    Name       string `json:"name"`
    Version    string `json:"version"`
    URL        string `json:"url"`
    Anleitung  []struct {
        Name string `json:"blog"`
        Link string `json:"link"`
    } `json:"anleitung"`

    Firmwares struct {
        Start string `json:"start"`
        End   string `json:"end"`
    } `json:"ios"`

    Platforms []string `json:"platforms"`
    Caveats   string   `json:"caveats"`
}

As you see Anleitung is declared as a slice (not a map).

Use omitempty flag for when your "anleitung" is empty in JSON to be consumed. Beware though, when that is the case, your Jailbreak struct won't have an "anleitung" field.

Change your map's json flag to to;

Anleitung   map[string]struct {
    Name string `json:"blog"`
    Link string `json:"link"`
} `json:"anleitung,omitempty"`

Option 2;

I guess you could also use Anleitung map[string]interface{} but that is better for "holding a map of strings to arbitrary data types". In your case the data is not arbitrary but rather, empty I guess. And looks like that is just temporary.

I'd go for option 1, then I'd check if my struct contains any Anleitung data or not before accessing it.