C#.net html代码如何生成新页面-CSDN问答

C#.net中，后台有字符串str为某个网页的html代码,如何实现单击按钮后，在新页面中打开该html网页呢

.net生成大量静态页面速度太慢，想使用多线程解决这个问题。但不会用。请大家帮忙！！！！现在1000多条新闻要三四分钟。附上需要修改的代码： ``` protected void wznewxq_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string q1 = "select NS_Id from NewsSort where NS_Stop=0 order by NS_Order desc"; DataSet qq1 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(q1); int a = 0; for (int q = 0; q < qq1.Tables[0].Rows.Count; q++) { string w1 = "select * from News,NewsSort where News.N_Sortid=NewsSort.NS_Id and N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " and N_Show=1 order by N_Order desc"; DataSet ww1 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(w1); string w2 = "select top 1 N_Order from News where N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " and N_Show=1 order by N_Order desc"; DataSet ww2 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(w2); string w3 = "select top 1 N_Order from News where N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " and N_Show=1 order by N_Order asc"; DataSet ww3 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(w3); for (int m = 0; m < ww1.Tables[0].Rows.Count; m++) { //替换掉模板中的特征字符 string mbPath = Server.MapPath("/manager/n134.html"); Encoding code = Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"); StreamReader sr = null; StreamWriter sw = null; string str = null; //读取 try { sr = new StreamReader(mbPath, code); str = sr.ReadToEnd(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { sr.Close(); } Inittail(); Inittop(); StringBuilder sq = new StringBuilder(); sq.Append("<div class=\"ncont_page\">" + "\n"); if (Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) == Convert.ToString(ww2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"]) && Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) == Convert.ToString(ww3.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"])) { sq.Append("<p class=\"l\">上一篇：没有了</p>" + "\n"); sq.Append("<p class=\"r\">下一篇：没有了</p>" + "\n"); } else if (Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) == Convert.ToString(ww2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"]) && Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) != Convert.ToString(ww3.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"])) { string r2 = "select top 1 N_Url,N_Name from News where N_Order < " + ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"] + " and N_Show=1 and N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " order by N_Order desc"; DataSet t2 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(r2); sq.Append("<p class=\"l\">上一篇：没有了</p>" + "\n"); sq.Append("<p class=\"r\">下一篇：<a href = \"" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Url"] + "\" title=\"" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "\">" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "</a></p>" + "\n"); } else if (Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) == Convert.ToString(ww3.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"]) && Convert.ToString(ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"]) != Convert.ToString(ww2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Order"])) { string r1 = "select top 1 N_Url,N_Name from News where N_Order > " + ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"] + " and N_Show=1 and N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " order by N_Order asc"; DataSet t1 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(r1); sq.Append("<p class=\"l\">上一篇：<a href = \"" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Url"] + "\" title=\"" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "\">" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "</a></p>" + "\n"); sq.Append("<p class=\"r\">下一篇：没有了 </p>" + "\n"); } else { string r1 = "select top 1 N_Url,N_Name from News where N_Order > " + ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"] + " and N_Show=1 and N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " order by N_Order asc"; DataSet t1 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(r1); string r2 = "select top 1 N_Url,N_Name from News where N_Order < " + ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Order"] + " and N_Show=1 and N_Sortid=" + qq1.Tables[0].Rows[q]["NS_Id"] + " order by N_Order desc"; DataSet t2 = DBHelper.GetDataSet(r2); sq.Append("<p class=\"l\">上一篇：<a href = \"" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Url"] + "\" title=\"" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "\">" + t1.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "</a></p>" + "\n"); sq.Append("<p class=\"r\">下一篇：<a href = \"" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Url"] + "\" title=\"" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "\">" + t2.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "</a></p>" + "\n"); } sq.Append("</div>" + "\n"); string[] ids; string sn = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Pid"].ToString(); StringBuilder xa1 = new StringBuilder(); StringBuilder xa = new StringBuilder(); if (sn != "") { xa.Append("<div id=\"pro\" class=\"proj_pro\">" + "\n"); xa.Append("<h2>相关产品</h2>" + "\n"); xa.Append("<ul>" + "\n"); ids = sn.Split(','); if (ids.Length >= 4) { for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) { int id = Convert.ToInt32(ids[k]); string wa = "select P_Url,P_Pic,P_Name from Product where P_Id=" + id + ""; DataSet ws = DBHelper.GetDataSet(wa); xa.Append("<li>" + "\n"); xa.Append("<a href=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Url"] + "\"><img src=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Pic"] + "\" alt=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Name"] + "\" /></a>" + "\n"); xa.Append("<a href=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Url"] + "\">" + "\n"); xa.Append("<p>" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Name"] + "</p>" + "\n"); xa.Append("</a>" + "\n"); xa.Append("</li>" + "\n"); } } else { for (int k = 0; k < ids.Length; k++) { int id = Convert.ToInt32(ids[k]); string wa = "select P_Url,P_Pic,P_Name from Product where P_Id=" + id + ""; DataSet ws = DBHelper.GetDataSet(wa); xa.Append("<li>" + "\n"); xa.Append("<a href=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Url"] + "\">" + "\n"); xa.Append("<img src=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Pic"] + "\" alt=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Name"] + "\" /></a>" + "\n"); xa.Append("<a href=\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Url"] + "\">" + "\n"); xa.Append("<p>" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["P_Name"] + "</p>" + "\n"); xa.Append("</a>" + "\n"); xa.Append("</li>" + "\n"); } } xa.Append("</ul>" + "\n"); xa.Append("</div>" + "\n"); } string[] idm; string snm = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Nlistid"].ToString(); StringBuilder mm1 = new StringBuilder(); if (snm != "") { mm1.Append("<div id =\"rptnews\" class=\"ncont_news\">" + "\n"); mm1.Append("<h2>相关新闻</h2>" + "\n"); mm1.Append("<ul>" + "\n"); idm = snm.Split(','); for (int k = 0; k < idm.Length; k++) { int id = Convert.ToInt32(idm[k]); string wa = "select * from News where N_Id=" + id + ""; DataSet ws = DBHelper.GetDataSet(wa); mm1.Append("<li>" + "\n"); mm1.Append("<a href =\"" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Url"] + "\">" + ws.Tables[0].Rows[0]["N_Name"] + "</a>" + "\n"); mm1.Append("</li>" + "\n"); } mm1.Append("</ul>" + "\n"); mm1.Append("</div>" + "\n"); } string mx1 = mm1.ToString(); string xx1 = xa.ToString(); string st = sq.ToString(); string biaoti = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Name"].ToString(); string Ncaption = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Title"].ToString(); string Nkeyword = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Keywords"].ToString(); string Ndescribe = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Description"].ToString(); string dizhi = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["NS_Name"].ToString(); string weizhi = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["NS_Url"].ToString(); string time = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Date"].ToString(); string conter = ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Content"].ToString(); //根据时间自动重命名，扩展名也可以自行修改 str = str.Replace("$stm$", st); str = str.Replace("$mx1$", mx1); str = str.Replace("$xx1$", xx1); str = str.Replace("$top$", top); str = str.Replace("$tail$", tail); str = str.Replace("$time$", time); str = str.Replace("$conter$", conter); str = str.Replace("$Ndescribe$", Ndescribe); str = str.Replace("$Nkeyword$", Nkeyword); str = str.Replace("$biaoti$", biaoti); str = str.Replace("$weizhi$", weizhi); str = str.Replace("$dizhi$", dizhi); str = str.Replace("$Ncaption$", Ncaption); string fileName = "" + ww1.Tables[0].Rows[m]["N_Url"] + ""; //生成静态文件 try { sw = new StreamWriter(Server.MapPath("/") + fileName, false, code); sw.Write(str); sw.Flush(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { sw.Close(); } a = m; } } Response.Write("<script>alert('共生成了" + a + "个页面。')</script>"); } ```

C#采集网页，模拟点击后无法加载新页面

采集该网址： http://www.iwencai.com/stockpick/search?typed=1&preParams=&ts=1&f=3&qs=pc_%7Esoniu%7Estock%7Estock%7Ehistory%7Equery&selfsectsn=&querytype=&searchfilter=&tid=stockpick&w=%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%EF%BC%8C%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82 要求：模拟点击下一页，选择显示70/条每页，（抓包不知是否可获得下一页的地址），我的代码如下，运行后获得的html代码仍为第一页，没有翻页。 public class gWebByWebBrowser { WebBrowser web; HtmlElement btnAdd = null; public gWebByWebBrowser(){ web = new WebBrowser(); } public string GetHtml(string url, WBrowserPara wBrowserPara){ //web.DocumentCompleted += web_DocumentCompleted; web.Navigate(url); while (web.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete) Application.DoEvents(); eventCounter = 0; operation(); return web.DocumentText; } void operation(){ // 模拟操作 HtmlElementCollection Aresults = web.Document.GetElementsByTagName("a"); foreach (HtmlElement item in Aresults){ if (item.InnerHtml == "下页") { btnAdd = item; } } btnAdd.InvokeMember("onclick"); foreach (HtmlElement f in web.Document.GetElementsByTagName("option")) { if (f.InnerText == @"显示70条/页") { f.InvokeMember("Click"); f.SetAttribute("selected", "selected"); } } web.Refresh(); while (web.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete) Application.DoEvents(); } }

Easy UI DataGrid 的分页组件，显示异常？

![初次进入情况](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201907/31/1564565417_824443.png) ![刷新页面后的情况](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201907/31/1564565431_21227.png) ![理论上正常的样子](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201907/31/1564565436_754134.png) 不知道为啥分页组件全部挤在了右边这角落里面，强迫症已近哭晕在厕所我是直接复制的理论上不存在问题，尝试了从easyui官网复制代码也是出问题，把那个页面在新窗口打开没有问题，

如何实现导航栏链接点击后跳转，新页面相应的链接添加颜色样式作用于a？

```html： <p class="nav"> <ul> <li class="active"><a href="a.html">aaa</a></li> <li><a href="b.html">bbb</a></li> <li><a href="c.html">ccc</a></li> </ul> </p> ``` ``` jquery： $(".nav li a").each(function (i) { var $me = $(this); var lochref = $.trim(window.location.href); var mehref = $.trim($me.get(0).href); if (lochref.indexOf(mehref) != -1) { $me.parent().addClass("active"); } else { $me.parent().removeClass("active"); } }); ``` ``` css: .active{background-color:#ed0505;} ``` 以上就是如何实现导航栏链接点击后跳转，新页面相应的链接添加颜色的详细内容，更多请关注php中文网其它相关文章！这个代码能用，但是我想把那个active的样式作用于a，应该怎么改？？现在只能作用于li。出不来我想要的效果。

使用jquery-powerfloat.js来实现的悬浮层效果在IE7或者IE8下运行，导致页面卡住

一、问题描述在最近开发的asp.net项目使用jquery-powerfloat.js来实现网页上的悬浮层效果，当鼠标悬浮在网页的某个字符串上时显示悬浮层，移出该字符串不显示悬浮层。但是在IE7或者IE8浏览器上运行时，会导致页面卡住。 ![IE7下页面卡住截图](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201911/12/1573549904_306764.png) 二、代码片段 1、主页面前端代码 ``` <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="MainForm.aspx.cs" Inherits="powerFloat.MainForm" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title>主界面</title> </head> <body> <form id="mainform" runat="server"> <div runat="server" id="addDiv"> </div> </form> </body> </html> ``` 2、主页面的后台代码 ``` using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; namespace powerFloat { public partial class MainForm : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if(!Page.IsCallback) { InitData(); } } private void InitData() { Control ctl = this.LoadControl("AddWebUserControl.ascx"); ctl.ID = "Test"; addDiv.Controls.Add(ctl); addDiv.Controls.Add(new LiteralControl("<br/>")); } } } ``` 3、悬浮层前端代码 ``` <%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="AddWebUserControl.ascx.cs" Inherits="powerFloat.AddWebUserControl" %> <style> .dn { display: none; } .shadow { -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 4); -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 4); box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 4); } .target_box { width: 700px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #fff; } .target_list { padding: 4px; border-bottom: 1px dotted #ddd; overflow: hidden; _zoom: 1; } .target_list a { width: 160px; line-height: 20px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 1px; color: #333; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; float: left; } .target_list .select1 { width: 200px; line-height: 20px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 1px; color: red; font-size: 20px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; float: left; } .target_more { margin-top: -20px; } .target_fixed { height: 25px; padding: 1px; position: fixed; _position: adsolute; top: 0; right: 0; } .custom_container { position: absolute; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 5); background-color: #fff; } .custom_container img { padding: 0; position: relative; top: -5px; left: -5px; } </style> <table> <tr> <td>总署查验要求18项</td> <td> <input type="hidden" runat="server" id="hdnClientId" /> <asp:Literal ID="txt_CHECK_REQUEST_TOTAL" runat="server"></asp:Literal> </td> </tr> </table> <asp:Literal runat="server" ID="targetBox"></asp:Literal> <script src="scripts/jquery-1.4.1.js"></script> <script src="scripts/jquery-powerFloat.js"></script> <script> $(function () { var clientId = $("#Test_hdnClientId").val(); $(clientId).powerFloat( ) }); </script> ``` 4、悬浮层后台代码 ``` using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; namespace powerFloat { public partial class AddWebUserControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if(!Page.IsCallback) { InitData(); } } private void InitData() { string checkRequestTotal = "000101010101001001"; txt_CHECK_REQUEST_TOTAL.Text = string.Format("<a id='{1}_trigger' href='javascript:;' rel='Test_targetBox'>{0}</a>", checkRequestTotal, this.ClientID); hdnClientId.Value = "#" + this.ClientID + "_trigger"; char[] splitChar = checkRequestTotal.ToCharArray(); ArrayList arrayList = new ArrayList(); for(int i=0;i<splitChar.Length;i++) { arrayList.Add(splitChar[i].ToString()); } string strHTML = @" <div id='ABC$$_targetBox' class='shadow target_box dn'> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{0}'>1.辐射探测</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{1}'>2.预防性检疫处理</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{2}'>3.检查病媒/有害生物</a> </div> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{3}'>4.动物临床检查</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{4}'>5.检查残留剂</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{5}'>6.检查车体/箱体</a> </div> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{6}'>7.检查包装</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{7}'>8.核对品名</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{8}'>9.检查标签/标识</a> </div> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{9}'>10.核对规格/型号</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{10}'>11.核对产终地</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{11}'>12.核对数量</a> </div> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{12}'>13.核对重量</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{13}'>14.检查侵权</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{14}'>15.检查外观品质</a> </div> <div class='target_list'> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{15}'>16.检查夹藏/夹杂</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{16}'>17.检查温度</a> <a href='javascript:;' class='select{17}'>18.取样送检</a> </div> </div> "; targetBox.Text = string.Format(strHTML, arrayList.ToArray()).Replace("ABC$$", this.ClientID); } } } ``` 三、源码下载代码使用vs2012开发的。(链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Y2c3yfC7oenSZwSw1Uh0VQ 提取码：iqr4 ) 四、解决：由于jquery-powerfloat.js版本问题导致的，使用新的版本的就可以了。 jquery-powerfloat.js：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sKorCkN1UkmCFtf-6MNVxg 提取码：rh5n

HTML求助！代码和示例图如下，请问如何使得图片标注的五张图片垂直居中？

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>无标题文档</title> <style type="text/css"> header{background:#09F; height:50px; width:100%; line-height:20px;} aside{background:#C6F; height:850px; width:18%; float:left;} ul{list-style-type:none;} article{height:800px; width:65%; float:left;} footer{background:#99F; width:100%; height:50px; clear:left;} </style> </head> <body> <header> <img src="搜索.png" width="2%"/>移动端页面练习 </header> <aside> <ul> <li> <a href=""> <img src="支.png" width="25%" /> </a> </li><br /> <li> <a href=""> <img src="促.png" width="15%" /> </a> </li><br /> <li> <a href=""> <img src="订.png" width="15%" /> </a> </li><br /> <li> <a href=""> <img src="卡.png" width="15%" /> </a> </li><br /> <li> <a href=""> <img src="团.png" width="15%" /> </a> </li><br /> </ul> </aside> <article> <figure> <img src="食品.png" /> <img src="家庭电器.png" /> </figure> <figcaption>食品/家用电器 </figcaption> <figure> <img src="全新整车车品.png" /> <img src="居家生活.png" /> </figure> <figcaption>汽车/居家 </figcaption> <figure> <img src="手机数码.png" /> <img src="珠宝手表眼镜.png" /> </figure> <figcaption>手机/珠宝 </figcaption> </article> <footer> <nav> <ul> <a href=""> <img src="菜单.png" width="2%"/> </a> <a href=""> <img src="星星.png" width="2%" /> </a> <a href=""> <img src="vip.png" width="2%" /> </a> <a href=""> <img src="钱.png" width="2%" /> </a> <a href=""> <img src="购物.png" width="2%" /> </a> </ul> </nav> </footer> </body> </html> ``` ```

flask+mysql实现的web应用，在注册页面点击注册后提示 Instance '<User at 0x5486a10>' has been deleted？

##问题描述从github(https://github.com/num10/transfile)上下载的一个用flask+mysql实现的转pdf成word的web应用，其中涉及到新用户的注册: ![图片说明](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201911/07/1573098094_252858.png) 可是在注册页面填完信息点击注册后前端报错如下： ![图片说明](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201911/07/1573098203_905955.png) ``` sqlalchemy.orm.exc.ObjectDeletedError: Instance '<User at 0x58072f0>' has been deleted, or its row is otherwise not present. ``` 根据traceback的信息，定位到出错的位置应该是下图中的models.py和views.py文件 ![图片说明](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201911/07/1573100399_404211.jpg) 后台关于这两个文件的报错信息为： ```ruby File "C:\Users\26808\transfile-master\app\auth\views.py", line 68, in register token = user.generate_confirmation_token() File "C:\Users\26808\transfile-master\app\models.py", line 142, in generate_confirmation_token return s.dumps({'confirm': self.id}).decode('utf-8') ``` 对应文件中： views.py: ```ruby @auth.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST']) def register(): form = RegistrationForm() if form.validate_on_submit(): user = User(email=form.email.data, username=form.username.data, password=form.password.data) db.session.add(user) db.session.commit() token = user.generate_confirmation_token() send_email(user.email, '认证您的账户', 'auth/email/confirm', user=user, token=token) flash('认证信息已发送至您的邮箱') return redirect(url_for('auth.login')) return render_template('auth/register.html', form=form) ``` models.py: ``` def generate_confirmation_token(self, expiration=3600): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expiration) return s.dumps({'confirm': self.id}).decode('utf-8') ``` ##补充 1.按照requirements文件的要求，flask都安装了正确的包 2.正如register函数中所写的那样，点击注册后用户信息会被加入mysql数据库中但是会被重复加入，即多次运行每次都出错，并且相同的用户被反复加入mysql数据库中 3.网上大多数都是通过app.run()来启动文件的，但是这个项目里面先要设置 ```set FLASK_APP = manage.py``` 在```flask run```才能运行能解释一下为什么吗？ manage.py代码如下： ```ruby #!/usr/bin/ python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import os COV = None if os.environ.get('FLASK_COVERAGE'): import coverage COV = coverage.coverage(branch=True, include='app/*') COV.start() import sys import click from flask_migrate import Migrate,upgrade from app import create_app, db from app.models import User, Follow, Role, Permission, Post, Comment from flask_uploads import configure_uploads from app.auth.forms import pdfs,photos,words app = create_app(os.getenv('FLASK_CONFIG') or 'default') migrate = Migrate(app, db) configure_uploads(app, pdfs) configure_uploads(app, photos) configure_uploads(app, words) @app.shell_context_processor def make_shell_context(): return dict(db=db, User=User, Follow=Follow, Role=Role, Permission=Permission, Post=Post, Comment=Comment) @app.cli.command() @click.option('--coverage/--no-coverage', default=False, help='Run tests under code coverage.') def test(coverage=False): """Run the unit tests.""" if coverage and not os.environ.get('FLASK_COVERAGE'): import subprocess os.environ['FLASK_COVERAGE'] = '1' sys.exit(subprocess.call(sys.argv)) import unittest tests = unittest.TestLoader().discover('tests') unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(tests) if COV: COV.stop() COV.save() print('Coverage Summary:') COV.report() basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)) covdir = os.path.join(basedir, 'tmp/coverage') COV.html_report(directory=covdir) print('HTML version: file://%s/index.html' % covdir) COV.erase() @app.cli.command() @click.option('--length', default=25, help='Number of functions to include in the profiler report.') @click.option('--profile-dir', default=None, help='Directory where profiler data files are saved.') def profile(length=25, profile_dir=None): """Start the application under the code profiler.""" from werkzeug.contrib.profiler import ProfilerMiddleware app.wsgi_app = ProfilerMiddleware(app.wsgi_app, restrictions=[length], profile_dir=profile_dir) app.run(debug=False) @app.cli.command() def deploy(): """Run deployment tasks.""" # migrate database to latest revision upgrade() # create or update user roles Role.insert_roles() # ensure all users are following themselves User.add_self_follows() if __name__ == '__main__': deploy() ``` 数据模型models.py: ``` #!/usr/bin/ python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- from datetime import datetime import hashlib from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash from itsdangerous import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer as Serializer from markdown import markdown import bleach from flask import current_app, request,url_for from flask_login import UserMixin, AnonymousUserMixin from . import db, login_manager class Permission: FOLLOW = 1 COMMENT = 2 WRITE = 4 MODERATE = 8 ADMIN = 16 class Role(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'roles' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True) default = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False, index=True) permissions = db.Column(db.Integer) users = db.relationship('User', backref='role', lazy='dynamic') def __init__(self, **kwargs): super(Role, self).__init__(**kwargs) if self.permissions is None: self.permissions = 0 @staticmethod def insert_roles(): roles = { 'User': [Permission.FOLLOW, Permission.COMMENT, Permission.WRITE], 'Moderator': [Permission.FOLLOW, Permission.COMMENT, Permission.WRITE, Permission.MODERATE], 'Administrator': [Permission.FOLLOW, Permission.COMMENT, Permission.WRITE, Permission.MODERATE, Permission.ADMIN], } default_role = 'User' for r in roles: role = Role.query.filter_by(name=r).first() if role is None: role = Role(name=r) role.reset_permissions() for perm in roles[r]: role.add_permission(perm) role.default = (role.name == default_role) db.session.add(role) db.session.commit() def add_permission(self, perm): if not self.has_permission(perm): self.permissions += perm def remove_permission(self, perm): if self.has_permission(perm): self.permissions -= perm def reset_permissions(self): self.permissions = 0 def has_permission(self, perm): return self.permissions & perm == perm def __repr__(self): return '<Role %r>' % self.name class Follow(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'follows' follower_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'), primary_key=True) followed_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'), primary_key=True) timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow) class User(UserMixin, db.Model): __tablename__ = 'users' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) email = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True) username = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True) role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('roles.id')) password_hash = db.Column(db.String(128)) confirmed = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False) name = db.Column(db.String(64)) location = db.Column(db.String(64)) about_me = db.Column(db.Text()) member_since = db.Column(db.DateTime(), default=datetime.utcnow) last_seen = db.Column(db.DateTime(), default=datetime.utcnow) avatar_hash = db.Column(db.String(32)) posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy='dynamic') followed = db.relationship('Follow', foreign_keys=[Follow.follower_id], backref=db.backref('follower', lazy='joined'), lazy='dynamic', cascade='all, delete-orphan') followers = db.relationship('Follow', foreign_keys=[Follow.followed_id], backref=db.backref('followed', lazy='joined'), lazy='dynamic', cascade='all, delete-orphan') comments = db.relationship('Comment', backref='author', lazy='dynamic') @staticmethod def add_self_follows(): for user in User.query.all(): if not user.is_following(user): user.follow(user) db.session.add(user) db.session.commit() def __init__(self, **kwargs): super(User, self).__init__(**kwargs) if self.role is None: if self.email == current_app.config['FLASKY_ADMIN']: self.role = Role.query.filter_by(name='Administrator').first() if self.role is None: self.role = Role.query.filter_by(default=True).first() if self.email is not None and self.avatar_hash is None: self.avatar_hash = self.gravatar_hash() self.follow(self) @property def password(self): raise AttributeError('password is not a readable attribute') @password.setter def password(self, password): self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password) def verify_password(self, password): return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password) def generate_confirmation_token(self, expiration=3600): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expiration) return s.dumps({'confirm': self.id}).decode('utf-8') def confirm(self, token): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY']) try: data = s.loads(token.encode('utf-8')) except: return False if data.get('confirm') != self.id: return False self.confirmed = True db.session.add(self) return True def generate_reset_token(self, expiration=3600): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expiration) return s.dumps({'reset': self.id}).decode('utf-8') @staticmethod def reset_password(token, new_password): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY']) try: data = s.loads(token.encode('utf-8')) except: return False user = User.query.get(data.get('reset')) if user is None: return False user.password = new_password db.session.add(user) return True def can(self, perm): return self.role is not None and self.role.has_permission(perm) def is_administrator(self): return self.can(Permission.ADMIN) def ping(self): self.last_seen = datetime.utcnow() db.session.add(self) def gravatar_hash(self): return hashlib.md5(self.email.lower().encode('utf-8')).hexdigest() def gravatar(self, size=100, default='identicon', rating='g'): url = 'https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar' hash = self.avatar_hash or self.gravatar_hash() return '{url}/{hash}?s={size}&d={default}&r={rating}'.format( url=url, hash=hash, size=size, default=default, rating=rating) def follow(self, user): if not self.is_following(user): f = Follow(follower=self, followed=user) db.session.add(f) def unfollow(self, user): f = self.followed.filter_by(followed_id=user.id).first() if f: db.session.delete(f) def is_following(self, user): if user.id is None: return False return self.followed.filter_by( followed_id=user.id).first() is not None def is_followed_by(self, user): if user.id is None: return False return self.followers.filter_by( follower_id=user.id).first() is not None @property def followed_posts(self): return Post.query.join(Follow, Follow.followed_id == Post.author_id)\ .filter(Follow.follower_id == self.id) def to_json(self): json_user = { 'url': url_for('api.get_user', id=self.id), 'username': self.username, 'member_since': self.member_since, 'last_seen': self.last_seen, 'posts_url': url_for('api.get_user_posts', id=self.id), 'followed_posts_url': url_for('api.get_user_followed_posts', id=self.id), 'post_count': self.posts.count() } return json_user def generate_auth_token(self, expiration): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expires_in=expiration) return s.dumps({'id': self.id}).decode('utf-8') @staticmethod def verify_auth_token(token): s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY']) try: data = s.loads(token) except: return None return User.query.get(data['id']) def __repr__(self): return '<User %r>' % self.username class AnonymousUser(AnonymousUserMixin): def can(self, permissions): return False def is_administrator(self): return False login_manager.anonymous_user = AnonymousUser @login_manager.user_loader def load_user(user_id): return User.query.get(int(user_id)) class Post(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'posts' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) body = db.Column(db.Text) body_html = db.Column(db.Text) timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, index=True, default=datetime.utcnow) author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id')) comments = db.relationship('Comment', backref='post', lazy='dynamic') @staticmethod def on_changed_body(target, value, oldvalue, initiator): allowed_tags = ['a', 'abbr', 'acronym', 'b', 'blockquote', 'code', 'em', 'i', 'li', 'ol', 'pre', 'strong', 'ul', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'p'] target.body_html = bleach.linkify(bleach.clean( markdown(value, output_format='html'), tags=allowed_tags, strip=True)) def to_json(self): json_post = { 'url': url_for('api.get_post', id=self.id), 'body': self.body, 'body_html': self.body_html, 'timestamp': self.timestamp, 'author_url': url_for('api.get_user', id=self.author_id), 'comments_url': url_for('api.get_post_comments', id=self.id), 'comment_count': self.comments.count() } return json_post @staticmethod def from_json(json_post): body = json_post.get('body') if body is None or body == '': raise ValidationError('post does not have a body') return Post(body=body) db.event.listen(Post.body, 'set', Post.on_changed_body) class Comment(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'comments' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) body = db.Column(db.Text) body_html = db.Column(db.Text) timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, index=True, default=datetime.utcnow) disabled = db.Column(db.Boolean) author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id')) post_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('posts.id')) @staticmethod def on_changed_body(target, value, oldvalue, initiator): allowed_tags = ['a', 'abbr', 'acronym', 'b', 'code', 'em', 'i', 'strong'] target.body_html = bleach.linkify(bleach.clean( markdown(value, output_format='html'), tags=allowed_tags, strip=True)) db.event.listen(Comment.body, 'set', Comment.on_changed_body) ```

python flask_sqlalchemy如何维护一个全局查询结果

在我的webapp中，每个页面都要用到同一个一般不会变化的查询结果，为避免每次访问都需查询一次这个变量，我在views.py中弄了一个全局变量ADMIN_NOTES ``` ADMIN_NOTES=Note.query.filter_by(author_id=ADMIN.id).all() ``` 而当ADMIN_NOTE会发生变化时，如此时管理员又写入了一个新note，则重新查询数据库获得最新的ADMIN_NOTE的值，尽量减少访问数据库的次数我本想这么实现的（中间部分不重要的代码省略了） ``` #全局变量 ADMIN_NOTES=Note.query.filter_by(author_id=ADMIN.id).all() #写入新note的函数1 @app.route('/new_note',methods=['GET','POST']) def new_note(): global ADMIN_NOTES data=json.loads(request.get_data()) note=Note(title=data['note_title'],upload_time=datetime.utcnow()) db.session.add(note) db.session.commit() #若是管理员写入新note，则重新查询并修改全局变量ADMIN_NOTES if note.author.nickname=='ADMIN': ADMIN_NOTES=Note.query.filter_by(author_id=ADMIN.id).all() KAFENUT_NOTES[0].author.nickname #能正确访问ADMIN_NOTES print(len(ADMIN_NOTES)) #正确访问ADMIN_NOTES resp['success']=True resp['text']='Upload successfully!' resp['url']=url_for('note',note_id=note.id,nickname=note.author.nickname) #浏览器接受到服务器的json之后跳转到，resp[url]所指示的页面，即下面这个页面 return json.dumps(resp) #返回note页面的函数2 @app.route('/<nickname>/note/<note_id>',methods=['GET','POST']) def note(nickname,note_id): global ADMIN_NOTES user=User.query.filter_by(nickname=nickname).first() note=Note.query.filter_by(id=note_id).first() if request.method=='GET': note.view_num+=1 db.session.add(note) db.session.commit() for nnote in ADMIN_NOTES: print(nnote.author.nickname) #出错位置 return render_template('note_page.html',note=note,admin_notes=ADMIN_NOTES) ``` 然而问题也正出在这里，当管理员写入新的note之后（即ADMIN_NOTES这个全局变量发生变化之后）重新查询的语句虽然在函数1中执行了（print出的note数量是写入新note之后的数量，）。但当用户根据函数1返回的json跳转到函数2的时候，函数2内就无法正确访问ADMIN_NOTES，准确来说无法访问nnote.author.nickname，其中author是note表用author_id这个外键连接到user表得到的，错误栈如下 ``` Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1997, in __call__ return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1985, in wsgi_app response = self.handle_exception(e) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1540, in handle_exception reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 33, in reraise raise value File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app response = self.full_dispatch_request() File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request rv = self.handle_user_exception(e) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 33, in reraise raise value File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request rv = self.dispatch_request() File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args) File "E:\vs\python\AwesomeWebApp\AwesomeWebApp\app\views.py", line 232, in note print(nnote.author.nickname) #let author.id be preloaded File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\attributes.py", line 282, in __get__ return self.impl.get(instance_state(instance), dict_) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\attributes.py", line 710, in get value = self.callable_(state, passive) File "C:\Users\MSI-1\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\strategies.py", line 688, in _load_for_state % (orm_util.state_str(state), self.key) sqlalchemy.orm.exc.DetachedInstanceError: Parent instance <Note at 0x26de5f41198> is not bound to a Session; lazy load operation of attribute 'author' cannot proceed (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/bhk3) ``` sqlalchemy报出detached错误 sqlalchemy.orm.exc.DetachedInstanceError: Parent instance <Note at 0x26de5f41198> is not bound to a Session; lazy load operation of attribute 'author' cannot proceed (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/bhk3) 这该怎么解决？或者还有什么其他方法实现：在我的webapp中，每个页面都要用到同一个一般不会变化的查询结果，为避免每次访问都需查询一次这个一般不会变量，我在views.py中弄了一个全局变量ADMIN_NOTES。而当ADMIN_NOTE会发生变化时，如此时管理员又写入了一个新note，则重新查询数据库获得最新的ADMIN_NOTE的值，尽量减少访问数据库的次数

分页后GrideView新增一行空白行

项目中有个需求，需要对已经绑定数据并分页的GrideView进行新增一行空白行。用户在点击“新增行”后，在界GrideView界面的最下面增加一行空白行。要求：1、用户在第几页点击新增行就在当前页面显示新增行； 2、新增行按钮在GrideView外面；具体代码如下： ``` 前台页面代码： <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="YPCGJCB.aspx.cs" Inherits="CenterBase.供应链管理.YPCGJCB" %> <%@ Register Assembly="UserControls" Namespace="UserControls" TagPrefix="cc2" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>药品折扣基础表</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../js/Grid/css/demo_page.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../js/DatePicker/base/jquery-ui.css" /> <script src="../js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="../js/JScript.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="../js/DatePicker/jquery.ui.core.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="../js/DatePicker/jquery.ui.datepicker.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="../js/Ajax.js"></script> <script src="../js/jquery-1.4.1.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> .auto-style2 { height: 25px; } .auto-style3 { width: 156px; height: 25px; } .auto-style4 { margin-top: 5px; } .auto-style5 { text-align: right; } </style> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var dgPersonsID = "<%= YPZKXX.ClientID %>"; $(document).ready(function () { $("#dgPersons tr").eq(1).hide(); }); function AddNewRow() { var tr = $("#dgPersons tr").eq(1).clone(); tr.show(); tr.appendTo("#dgPersons"); refreshNo(); return false; } function refreshNo() { var dgg = document.getElementById(dgPersonsID); var index = 1; for (var i = 2; i < dgg.rows.length; ++i) { var cells = dgg.rows[i].cells; var row = dgg.rows[i]; if (row.style.display != "none") { cells[0].firstChild.nodeValue = index++; } } return false; } </script> </head> <body id="dt_example" class="ex_highlight_row"> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div id="container"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background-image: url(../images/Pop_page_back.gif)" align="center"> <tr> <td valign="center" style="height: 27px"> <strong>药品折扣基础表</strong></td> </tr> </table> <div id="search"> <table class="t2" style="width:100%"> <tr> <td class="auto-style2">医院名称：</td> <td class="auto-style3"> <input type="text" id="txtyymc" runat="server" class="inputbox" readonly="true"/> </td> <td class="auto-style2">开始时间：</td> <td class="auto-style2"> <input type="text" id="txtkssj" runat="server" class="inputbox" readonly="true" /> </td> <td class="auto-style2">结束时间：</td> <td class="auto-style2"> <input type="text" id="txtjssj" runat="server" class="inputbox" readonly="true"/> </td> <td class="auto-style2">供应商名称：</td> <td class="auto-style2"> <input type="text" id="txtgys" runat="server" class="inputbox" readonly="true"/> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="menu" class="auto-style5">  <asp:Button ID="Btn_Download" runat="server" Text="查询" CssClass="buttoncss" OnClick="Btn_Download_Click"/>    <asp:Button ID="btn_AddLine" runat="server" Text="新增行" CssClass="buttoncss" OnClientClick="return AddNewRow();return false;" />    <asp:Button ID="btn_xz" runat="server" Text="下载" CssClass="buttoncss"/>   &nbsp<asp:Button ID="btn_dr" runat="server" Text="导入" CssClass="buttoncss" OnClick="btn_dr_Click" />    <asp:CheckBox runat="server" Text="显示历史数据" ID="cbo_xs" Checked="false" /> </div> <div> <asp:GridView ID="YPZKXX" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Width="100%" HorizontalAlign="Center" style="text-align: center" NoNewline="word-break: keep-all;" CssClass="auto-style4" OnRowCancelingEdit="YPCGJCXX_RowCancelingEdit" OnRowEditing="YPCGJCXX_RowEditing" OnRowUpdating="YPCGJCXX_RowUpdating"> <EmptyDataTemplate> 没有数据 </EmptyDataTemplate> <FooterStyle ForeColor="White" BackColor="#3B6BD1" Font-Bold="True"></FooterStyle> <SelectedRowStyle Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="Navy" BackColor="#FFCC66" BorderColor="CornflowerBlue" /> <RowStyle ForeColor="#333333" BackColor="#FFFBD6" BorderColor="CornflowerBlue" BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="1px" HorizontalAlign="Center" VerticalAlign="Bottom" Wrap="False" /> <HeaderStyle Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#FFFFCC" BackColor="#3B6BD1" Wrap="False"></HeaderStyle> <Columns> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="编号" Visible="false"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ID" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ID") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="医院名称"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_yymc" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("yymc") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="供货商编码"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ghsbm" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ghsbm") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="中心编码"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_zxbm" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("zxbm") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="药品编码"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ypbm" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ypbm") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="药品名称"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ypmc" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ypmc") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="药品规格"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ypgg" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ypgg") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="药品单位"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ypdw" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ykdw") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="返利形式"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_flxs" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("flxs") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="厂家名称"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_sccj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("cjmc") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="供货单位"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_ghdw" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ghdw") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="底价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_dj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("dj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="折扣率"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_zkl" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("zkl") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="开票价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_kpj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("kpj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="零售价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_lsj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("lsj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="最新零售价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_zxlsj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("zxlsj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="售价差价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_sjcj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("lscj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="成本价"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_cbj" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("cbj") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="折扣"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_zk" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("zk") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="净利润"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_jlr" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("jlr") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="业务费"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_ywf" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("xywf") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="毛利率"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txt_mll" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("mll") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="年"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_nf" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("nian") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="月"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="lbl_yf" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("yue") %>'></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="管理" ShowHeader="False"> <EditItemTemplate> <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" CausesValidation="True" CommandName="Update" Text="更新"></asp:LinkButton>  <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton2" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Cancel" Text="取消"></asp:LinkButton> </EditItemTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Edit" Text="编辑"></asp:LinkButton>  <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton2" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Update" Text="修改"></asp:LinkButton> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> </Columns> </asp:GridView> </div> <cc2:PageTool ID="PageTool1" runat="server" Number="1" PageRows="10" PageCount="100"> </cc2:PageTool> </div> </form> </body> </html> ``` ``` 后台代码： using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; namespace CenterBase.供应链管理 { public partial class YPCGJCB : System.Web.UI.Page { CenterBaseBLL.YPCGMC cbby = new CenterBaseBLL.YPCGMC(); private static int pCount = 0;//总页数 private static int rCount = 0;//总数据数 private static int pageIndex = 1;//当前页 private static int pageSize = 20;//页面大小 private static string tableName = "View_YPJCB";//表名 private static string fields = "ID,yymc, ghsbm, zxbm, ypbm, ypmc, ypgg, ykdw, flxs,cjmc,ghdw,dj,zkl,kpj,lsj,zxlsj,lscj,cbj,zk,jlr,xywf,mll,nian,yue";//查询的字段 private static string order = "ID desc";//排序 private static string primaryKey = "ID";//关键字 private static string where = " "; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { //UnobtrusiveValidationMode = UnobtrusiveValidationMode.None; //Response.AddHeader("P3P", "CP=CAO PSA OUR"); ////检测用户是否登录 //if (!CheckUserLogin()) //{ // Response.Redirect("../LoginMain.aspx"); //} ////检测用户是否具有权限 //if (!CheckUserAuthority()) //{ // Response.Redirect("../LoginMain.aspx"); //} if (!Page.IsPostBack) { //分页初始化 if (Request.QueryString["page"] == null) { pageIndex = 1; } else { pageIndex = CenterBaseTools.ConvertData.ConvertDataFromStringToInt(Request.QueryString["page"].ToString()); } ////绑定数据 //if (cbo_xs.Checked == true) //{ //} DataBinds(); //Sum(); } } protected void Btn_Download_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { where = ""; if (sqlwhere() != "") { where = where + sqlwhere(); } DataBinds(); } public void DataBinds() { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); dt = CenterBaseBLL.PageView.GetAll(out pCount, out rCount, pageIndex, pageSize, tableName, fields, order, primaryKey, 2, 0, where); YPZKXX.DataSource = dt; YPZKXX.DataBind(); this.PageTool1.PageRows = pageSize; this.PageTool1.PageCount = rCount; } public string sqlwhere() { string yymc = txtyymc.Value.ToString(); string kssk = txtkssj.Value.ToString(); string jssj = txtjssj.Value.ToString(); string ghs = txtgys.Value.ToString(); int res = kssk.CompareTo(jssj); string sql = ""; if (yymc != "") { sql = sql + " where CYYMC = '" + yymc + "'"; } if (yymc != "" && kssk != "" && jssj != "" && res < 0) { sql = sql + " where CYYMC='" + yymc + "' and DRKRQ between '" + kssk + "' and '" + jssj + "'"; } if (yymc != "" && kssk != "" && jssj != "" && res < 0 && ghs != "") { sql = sql + " where CYYMC='" + yymc + "' and DRKRQ between '" + kssk + "' and '" + jssj + "' and CGHDW = '" + ghs + "'"; } return sql; } protected void YPCGJCXX_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e) { YPZKXX.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex; DataBinds(); } protected void YPCGJCXX_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e) { YPZKXX.EditIndex = -1; DataBinds(); } protected void YPCGJCXX_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e) { int id = Convert.ToInt32((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ID") as Label).Text); string yymc = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_yymc") as Label).Text); string ghsbm = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_ghsbm") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string zxbm = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_zxbm") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string ypbm = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ypbm") as Label).Text); string ypmc = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ypmc") as Label).Text); string ypgg = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ypgg") as Label).Text); string ypdw = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ypdw") as Label).Text); string flxs = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_flxs") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string cjmc = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_sccj") as Label).Text); string ghdw = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_ghdw") as Label).Text); string dj = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_dj") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string zkl = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_zkl") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string kpj = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_kpj") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string lsj = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_lsj") as Label).Text); string dykpj = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_dykpj") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string zxlsj = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_zxlsj") as Label).Text); string sjcj = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_sjcj") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string cbj = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_cbj") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string zk = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_zk") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string jlr = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_jlr") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string ywf = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_ywf") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string mll = (YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txt_mll") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); string nf = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_nf") as Label).Text); string yf = Convert.ToString((YPZKXX.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("lbl_yf") as Label).Text); DateTime time = System.DateTime.Now; string sql = "insert into YPFXJCXX(yymc,ghsbm,zxbm,ypbm,ypmc,ypgg,ykdw,flxs,cjmc,ghdw,dj,zkl,kpj,lsj,dykpj,zxlsj,lscj,cbj,zk,jlr,xywf,mll,nian,yue,ITime)" + "values(" + "'" + yymc + "'," + "'" + ghsbm + "'," + "'" + zxbm + "'," + "'" + ypbm + "'," + "'" + ypmc + "'," + "'" + ypgg + "'," + "'" + ypdw + "'," + "'" + flxs + "'," + "'" + cjmc + "'," + "'" + ghdw + "'," + "'" + dj + "'," + "'" + zkl + "'," + "'" + kpj + "'," + "'" + lsj + "'," + "'" + dykpj + "'," + "'" + zxlsj + "'," + "'" + sjcj + "'," + "'" + cbj + "'," + "'" + zk + "'," + "'" + jlr + "'," + "'" + ywf + "'," + "'" + mll + "'," + "'" + nf + "'," + "'" + yf + "'," + "'" + time + "'" + ")"; CenterBaseDAL.ExecuteSql exec = new CenterBaseDAL.ExecuteSql(); int falg = exec.run(sql); if (falg == 1) { Response.Write("<script>alert('更新成功')</script>"); Response.Write("<script>window.location.href='YPCGJCB.aspx'</script>"); Response.End(); } else { Response.Write("<script>alert('更新失败')</script>"); } } protected void btn_dr_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Response.Write("<script>window.open('药品销售明细查询/Improt.aspx','_blank')</script>"); } } } ``` 我用自己方法添加了一列行号，求大神指点！！

ASP.NET中加入JS 改变表格中数据

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="index.aspx.cs" Inherits="webgf.GF" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title></title> <script type="text/javascript"> function HideShow() { hidetable.style.display = ""; } function calculateShanghai() { document.writeln("<h2>你好！</h2>"): } </script> </head> <body> <form id="form2" runat="server"> <div> <table border="0" id="table1" width="60%" align="center"> <tr> <td width="25%">城市名：</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:DropDownList ID="TBCityName0" runat="server" Width="74px" AutoPostBack="True" Height="19px" onselectedindexchanged="TBCityName0_SelectedIndexChanged"> <asp:ListItem>请选择</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>北京市</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>天津市</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>河北省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>山西省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>内蒙古自治区</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>辽宁省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>吉林省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>黑龙江省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>上海市</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>江苏省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>浙江省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>安徽省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>福建省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>江西省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>山东省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>河南省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>湖北省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>湖南省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>广东省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>广西壮族自治区</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>海南省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>重庆市</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>四川省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>贵州省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>云南省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>西藏自治区</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>陕西省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>甘肃省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>青海省</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>宁夏回族自治区</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>新疆维吾尔族自治区</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>港澳台</asp:ListItem> </asp:DropDownList> <asp:DropDownList ID="TBCityName1" runat="server" Width="74px" AutoPostBack="True" Height="19px" onselectedindexchanged="TBCityName1_SelectedIndexChanged"> </asp:DropDownList> <br /> <asp:DropDownList ID="TBCityName" runat="server" Width="156px" Height="19px"> </asp:DropDownList> </td> <td width="25%">装机容量:（兆瓦）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBCapacity" runat="server" value="90"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">每兆瓦投资：（万元）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBInvestmentPMW" runat="server" value="880"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">使用年限：（年）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBUsedPeriod" runat="server" value="25"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">含税上网电价：（元/度）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBElectricityPriceT" runat="server" value="1"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">售电增值税税率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBElectricitySellingVATRate" runat="server" value="17"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">银行货款比例：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRatioLoans" runat="server" value="70"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">年货款利率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBInterestRate" runat="server" value="6.55"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> </table> <table id="hidetable" border="0" width="60%" align="center" runat="Server" style="display:none"> <tr> <td width="25%">其它费用（万元）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBQiTaFeiYong" runat="server" value="0"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">设备净残率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRSheBeiJingCang" runat="server" value="5"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">日常投资费用：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRRiChangTouZi" runat="server" value="10"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">大修费用：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRDaXiu" runat="server" value="10"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">路线更换费用：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRLuXianGengHuan" runat="server" value="6"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">经营期薪酬费用比例：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBJingYingQiPay" runat="server" value="0.19"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">保险费用：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRBaoXian" runat="server" value="0.15"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">所得税率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBSuoDeShuiLv" runat="server" value="25"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">预留金额参数：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRYuLiuJinE" runat="server" value="10.0"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">城市税率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBChengShiShuiLv" runat="server" value="7"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">教育税率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBJiaoYuShuiLv" runat="server" value="3"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">折现率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBXianZhiXiShu" runat="server" value="8"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">固定资产系数：</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBdGuDingZiChangXiShu" runat="server" value="0.98"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">发电效率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBR" runat="server" value="82"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%">年衰减率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRNianShuaiJianRate" runat="server" value="0.8"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td width="25%">上网率：（%）</td> <td width="25%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TBRShangWang" runat="server" value="100"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="height: 252px; width: 60%"> <tr> <td style="text-align:right"> <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" onclick="LinkButton1_Click">显示更多参数</asp:LinkButton> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <asp:Button ID="BCalculate" runat="server" Text="计算" onclick="BCalculate_Click" /> <asp:Button ID="BClear" runat="server" Text="清空" onclick="BClear_Click" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" BackColor="Blue" Font-Names="微软雅黑" Font-Size="Large" ForeColor="White"></asp:Label> <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label4" runat="server" BackColor="Blue" BorderColor="Blue" Font-Names="微软雅黑" Font-Size="Large" ForeColor="White"></asp:Label> <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:Label> <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:Label> <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label5" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:Label> <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" EnableModelValidation="True" style="text-align: center" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#3366CC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="4" Visible="False"> <FooterStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#003399" /> <HeaderStyle BackColor="#003399" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#CCCCFF" /> <PagerStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#003399" HorizontalAlign="Left" /> <RowStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#003399" /> <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#009999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#CCFF99" /> </asp:GridView> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </form> </body> </html> 上面是源代码要实现的功能是：修改原始初值，对于百分比的，正负10%浮动（加减），每次浮动1%，对于数值的，从数值的90%到110%浮动，每次变动1%，能将得到的数据在页面全部显示出来，每次只要变动一个数据就好了，将所有的都跑一遍。毕设，来不及学js，忘谅解伸手党！

如何根据Ajax根据条件检索并实现局部刷新

随便举了个例子。 ``` @model IEnumerable<Ajax.Models.nmb> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <h2>Index</h2> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create") </p> <table class="table"> <tr> <th> @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.name) </th> <th> @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.age) </th> <th> @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.lesson) </th> <th></th> </tr> @foreach (var item in Model) { <tr> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.name) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.age) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.lesson) </td> <td> @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.id }) | @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.id }) | @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.id }) </td> </tr> } </table> ``` ``` // GET: nmbs/Details/5 public ActionResult Details(int? id) { if (id == null) { return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } nmb nmb = db.nmb.Find(id); if (nmb == null) { return HttpNotFound(); } return View(nmb); } ``` 这些代码都是MVC自动生成的，没什么好讲，我只是提供了一个模型。当你点击Details的时候，他的原理是直接传递一个model的参数，然后跳转至一个新的页面。现在我想实现的是，点击Details后，页面不进行跳转，而是进行局部刷新，将详情在该页面下方展示出来。请最好能给出详情的代码和过程，我原来打算用Ajax.beginform来实现，但不知道哪个环节出了差错，老是出现各种奇怪的意外，希望能够得到坛友的帮助。

用selenium模拟登陆网站，点击图片链接后弹出的登陆页面如何输入用户名和密码后进行信息系统中

from selenium import webdriver chromedriver = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\chrome32_50.0.2661.75\chromedriver.exe" driver= webdriver.Chrome(chromedriver) driver.get("http://www.****")#系统网址 driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[4]/a/img").click() newWindow = chromedriver.switchTo().window(handle) driver.find_element_by_class_name("userName").send_keys(u"账户名") driver.find_element_by_class_name("userPwd").send_keys(u"密码") driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id="layui-layer1"]/div[3]/a[1]").click() 新手自学中，1-5行代码可以进入系统登陆页，后面的代码不能输入账户名和密码进入系统中，请高手指点迷津。

关于爬虫百度百科问题，求教各位。代码如下，运行提示错误。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Spyder Editor This is a temporary script file. """ import urllib2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import re import urlparse class UrlManager(object): def __init__(self): self.new_urls = set() self.old_urls = set() def add_new_url(self,url): if url is None: return if url not in self.new_urls and url not in self.old_urls: self.new_urls.add(url) def add_new_urls(self,urls): if urls is None or len(urls) == 0: return for url in urls: self.add_new_url(url) def has_new_url(self): return len(self.new_urls) != 0 def get_new_url(self): new_url = self.new_urls.pop() self.old_urls.add(new_url) return new_url class HtmlDownloader(object): def download(self,url): if url is None: return None response = urllib2.urlopen(url) if response.getcode() != 200: return None return response.read() class HtmlParser(object): def _get_new_urls(self,page_url,soup): new_urls = set() links = soup.find_all('a',href = re.compile(r'/item/(.*)')) for link in links: new_url = link['href'] new_full_url = urlparse.urljoin(page_url,new_url) new_urls.add(new_full_url) return new_urls def _get_new_data(self,page_url,soup): res_data = {} #url res_data['url'] = page_url # <dd class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title"><h1>Python</h1> title_node = soup.find('dd',class_ ="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title").find("h1") res_data['title'] = title_node.get_text() #<div class="lemma-summary" label-module="lemmaSummary"> summary_node = soup.find('div',class_ = "lemma-summary") res_data['summary'] = summary_node.get_text() return res_data def parse(self,page_url,html_cont): if page_url is None or html_cont is None: return soup = BeautifulSoup(html_cont,'html_parser',from_encoding='utf-8') new_urls = self._get_new_urls(page_url,soup) new_data = self._get_new_data(page_url,soup) return new_urls,new_data class HtmlOutputer(object): def __init__(self): self.datas = [] def collect_data(self,data): if data is None: return self.datas.append(data) def output_html(self): fout = open('output.html','w') fout.write("<html>") fout.write("<body>") fout.write("<table>") for data in self.datas: fout.write("<tr>") fout.write("<td>%s</td>"% data['url']) fout.write("<td>%s</td>"% data['title'].encode('utf-8')) fout.write("<td>%s</td>"% data['summary'].encode('utf-8')) fout.write("</tr>") fout.write("</table>") fout.write("</body>") fout.write("</html>") fout.close() # 爬虫总调度程序 class SpiderMain(object): # 构造函数初始化url管理器、HTML下载器、HTML解析器、输出四个对象 def __init__(self): # url管理器 self.urls = UrlManager() # url下载器 self.downloader = HtmlDownloader() # url解析器 self.parser = HtmlParser() # 最终的输出 self.outputer = HtmlOutputer() # 爬虫调度程序 def craw(self, root_url): count = 1 # 添加入口URL self.urls.add_new_url(root_url) while self.urls.has_new_url(): try: # 取出新的URL new_url = self.urls.get_new_url() # 下载该url对应的页面 print("craw %d : %s" % (count, new_url)) html_cont = self.downloader.download(new_url) # 解析该url对应的页面，得到新的链接和内容 new_urls, new_data = self.parser.parse(new_url, html_cont) # 将新url添加到url管理器中 self.urls.add_new_urls(new_urls) # 将解析到的内容收集起来 self.outputer.collect_data(new_data) if count == 1000: # 爬取1000个页面即可 break count = count + 1 except: print("craw fail") # 最终输出爬取目标的内容 self.outputer.output_html() # 主函数启动爬虫 if __name__=="__main__": # root_url = "http://baike.baidu.com/item/Python/407313?fr=aladdin" root_url = "http://baike.baidu.com/item/Python/407313?fr=aladdin" obj_Spider = SpiderMain() obj_Spider.craw(root_url) 提示runfile('C:/Users/sun/.spyder/temp.py', wdir='C:/Users/sun/.spyder') craw 1 : http://baike.baidu.com/item/Python/407313?fr=aladdin craw fail

修改css样式表没有任何效果，将CSS样式表中的内容复制到新的表中导入后，样式同样不在页面显示

在同一个表中，属性相同但是class名不同，调用自己新建的class名不显示效果，但是用原来的就可以请问是什么原因,后来新建了css表，将原css所有内容原封不动复制进去，再导入，但是效果却不显示， bootstrap的样式可以正常显示，js同样可以正常显示 ![这个是原来的样式](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201701/18/1484705350_8330.jpg) ![我想把中间那块放到中间的，但是没有效果](https://img-ask.csdn.net/upload/201701/18/1484705359_500615.jpg) CSS代码 ``` @charset "utf-8"; *{margin:0px; padding:0px;} body{font-family:"微软雅黑", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5em; color:#555555;background:#f3f3f3;} ul{list-style-type:none;} input,select,textarea{vertical-align:middle; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit; color:inherit; outline:none;} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight:normal;} a{color:#555555; text-decoration:none; outline:none;} a:hover,a.glink:hover,a.blink:hover{ text-decoration:none;outline:none;} .clear{ clear:both; font-size:0; height:0; line-height:0;overflow:hidden} a img{ border:0;} .leftF{ float:left;} .centerF{float:left;} .rightF{ float:right;} .main{ width:1116px; margin:0 auto; padding-bottom:330px;} .main .mainleft{ width:210px;top:90px; position:relative;} .main .mainright{ float:left;padding:0px;width:905px;} .foot{ background:#999999; color:#ffffff; padding:20px 0; text-align:center; font-size:14px; line-height:24px;} .footinner{ border-top:1px solid #dddddd; color:#ffffff; padding:45px 0 80px 0; text-align:center; font-size:14px; line-height:24px;} .footinner .footintop{ color:#333333;} .footinner .footinbto{ color:#555555;} .bigperson{ margin-bottom:-57px; top:-77px; position:absolute;} .bigperson .touxiang{ width:210px; text-align:center;} .bigperson .touxiang img{ width:100px; height:100px; border:2px solid #fff; border-radius:50%;} .bigperson .personname{ text-align:center; font-size:18px; color:#555555; line-height:32px;} header #header-top {top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; padding: 0 1em; height: 3em; line-height: 3em; color: #fff; background-color: #2c3e50; z-index: 2;} header #header-top #logout { float: right; } header #header-top #logout a { color: inherit; } .current a{display:block; background:#61b988;line-height:38px; height:38px; margin:0px 0 15px 0; color:#fff; font-size:14px;} .current a{color:#FFF;} .funclistul {position:relative;} .funclistul li{ line-height:38px; height:38px;font-size:14px;} .funclistul li a{ text-align:center;display:block; padding:0; line-height:38px; height:38px; font-size:14px; overflow:hidden;} .funclistul li a:hover{ background:#61b988; color:#fff;} .funclistul li b{ width:21px; height:20px; margin:10px 5px 0 0px;} .line {text-align:center;height:0px!important;border-top:solid 1px #CCC;} #divide_line {position:absolute;height:1316px;border-color:#CCC;border-left-style:solid;border-width:1px} #frame_content {border:0px; height:981px; min-height:700px;} .fl{float:left;} .fr{float:right;} .Wrapbody{width:890px;height:900px;overflow:hidden;padding-top:20px;position:relative;margin-left: 50px;} .zla_m_tab { width:850px;height:40px; padding-top:12px; border-bottom:2px #ccc solid;font-size:20px;color:#777;} .zla_m_item { float:left; width:106px; height:40px; } .zla_m_item a ,.zla_m_cur a { display:inline-block; width:150px; height:40px; line-height:40px; text-align:center;font-size:20px;color:#777;} .zla_m_item a:hover , .zla_m_cur a { display:inline-block; background:url(../img/tri.png) center 35px no-repeat; text-decoration:none; border-bottom:2px solid #61b988;font-size:20px;color:#333;} .Div { margin-top:30px; } .ulDiv { margin-top:30px; } .ulDiv ul li { margin-left: 3px; position:relative; width: 270px; margin-bottom: 32px; background-color: #fff; float:left; zoom: 1; letter-spacing: 0; overflow: hidden; height: 150px; margin-right: 16px; border-radius: 3px; } .ulDiv ul li:hover { border-color: rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.6); } .Mcon1img .Gd { display: block; width: 23px; height: 23px; position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 0px; display: none; } .Mconright{padding:20px;} .Mconright h3{font-size:18px;padding:7px 0 10px 0;} .Mconright h3 a{float:left} .Mconright p{color:#666;font-size:12px;} .Mcon1img{position:relative;} .Mcon1img:hover .Gd{display:block;} .Mconright h3 i{display:none;width:8px;height:8px;background:red;border-radius:8px;margin-left: 5px;float:left;} .red { color: #b9423c; } .green { color: #61b988; } .force_red { color: #b9423c!important; } .force_green { color: #61b988!important; } .block { padding: 30px 0; } .aline { margin-right: 50px; padding: 10px 0; float: right; } .four_in_one { height: 50px; line-height: 50px; width: 172px; padding: 10px 50px 10px 0px; float: right; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; } .specail_line_one { margin-right: 150px; } .specail_line_two { margin-right: 68px; } .specail_line_three { margin-right: 357px; } .specail_line_four { margin-right: 111px; } .normal_one { font-size: 2em; vertical-align: middle; } .normal_two { font-size: 1.5em; vertical-align: middle; } .normal_three { width: 50px; display: inline-block; font-size: 2em; vertical-align: top; } .normal_one, .normal_two, .normal_three { margin: 5px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; overflow: hidden; } .one_block { width: 150px; height: 30px; text-align: center; } .one_line { width: 750px; height: 30px; } .many_lines { width: 750px; height: 150px; resize: none; overflow: scroll; } .exam_many_lines { width: 720px; height: 150px; resize: none; overflow: scroll; } .one_block, .one_line, .many_lines, .exam_many_lines { box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075); transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s; font-size: 2em; display: inline-block; padding: 4px; color: #555555; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 3px; margin: 3px 0; } .one_block:focus, .one_line:focus, .many_lines:focus, .exam_many_lines:focus { border-color: rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.6); } .submit_button { width: 200px; height: 41px; transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s; font-size: 1.5em; display: inline-block; padding: 4px; color: #555555; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 3px; margin: 3px 0; cursor: hand; } .submit_button:hover { border-color: rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.6); } .submit_button:focus { border-color: rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.6); } .submit_button:disabled { color: #555555; background-color: #e8e8e8; } .submit_button:disabled:hover { border-color: rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 0 rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.6); } .submit_button:disabled:focus { border-color: rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 0 rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.6); } .check { margin-right: 10px; } .score { padding: 30px 50px; height: 400px; overflow: scroll; } .score_title { font-size: 1.5em; } .button_block { padding: 10px 0; text-align: center; } .marklist { z-index: 50; width:250px; top:105px; right:160px; position:fixed; background: #fff; padding: 10px; border-radius: 3px; } .mark_title, .submit_paper, .marklist ul li { position:relative; margin-bottom: 32px; background: #fff; float:left; zoom: 1; letter-spacing: 0; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #61b988; } .mark_title:hover, .submit_paper:hover, .marklist ul li:hover { border-color: rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(101, 204, 153, 0.6); } .mark_title { width: 80px; height: 30px; margin: 10px 120px 10px 8px; } .submit_paper { width: 80px; height: 30px; margin: 20px 8px 10px 150px; } .marklist ul li { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 5px 8px; } .mark { line-height: 30px; font-size: 1.5em; color: #61b988; background: #fff; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; } .active { background: #61b988!important; color: #fff; } .active a { background: #61b988!important; color: #fff; } header #exam_top {z-index:999!important;position: fixed; opacity:0.9; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; padding: 0 1em; height: 4em; line-height: 4em; color: #3f3f3f; background-color: #fff; z-index: 2;font-size: 1.5em;} .exam_foot {z-index:999!important;margin-top:36px; background:#fefefe; color:#3f3f3f; padding:20px 0; text-align:center; font-size:14px; line-height:24px;} .center { text-align:center; } .exam_head { padding: 0 10px; } .alert_screen {position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-color: #fff; z-index: 1000;} .alert_block {margin-top: 300px; text-align: center;} .alert_msg {font-size: 2em;} .quit_btn, .alert_btn {margin-top: 50px;text-align: center;} .examright {position:relative; top:105px; padding:25px; width:770px; background: #fff; border-radius: 3px;margin-bottom: 100px;} .title{ font-size: 2em; padding: 10px 0; } .content_box { padding: 20px; } .choice_box { padding-left: 20px; } .content { height: 30px; line-height: 30px; font-size: 1.5em; padding: 10px 0; } .title:target, .content_box:target{ padding-top:72px; } @media screen and (max-width: 1400px){ .marklist { right:100px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 1300px){ .marklist { right:50px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 1200px){ .marklist { right:0px; } } ``` ``` <header> <div id="exam_top"> <div class="leftF"> <span class="exam_head">专业简答题</span> </div> <div class="rightF"> <span class="exam_head">账号：<%=(String) session.getAttribute("login")%></span> </div> <div class="center"> <span class="exam_head">考试限时：30分钟</span> <span class="exam_head">剩余时间：<span class="green" id="time"></span>分钟 </span> </div> </div> </header> <div class="main"> <div class="examright centerF"> <div class="block" > <form action="SaveAnswer" method="post" id="form1"> <c:forEach items="${sq}" var="QsInfo" varStatus="vs"> <input type="hidden" name="index${vs.count}" value="${QsInfo.essayId}"/>   <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"> <h3 class="panel-title">专业简答题${vs.count} ：</h3> </div> <div class="panel-body">${QsInfo.eTitle}</div> <div class="form-group"> <textarea class="form-control" rows="3" name="ans${vs.count}"></textarea> </div> </div> </c:forEach> </form> <div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success btn-block" onclick="sub()">提交试卷</button> </div>  </div> </div> </div> ```

[freemarker]使用freemarker生成父子关系树抛异常

需要生成一个菜单树，使用了freemarker，由于采用了tiles2,在和freemarker整合的时候出现了问题，所以直接使用freemarker 2.3.15将模板通过template.process方法产生html code显示到前端,主要代码如下: [code="java"] //产生freemarker config package project.util.freemarker; import freemarker.cache.ClassTemplateLoader; import freemarker.template.Configuration; import freemarker.template.DefaultObjectWrapper; import freemarker.template.TemplateExceptionHandler; public class FreeMarkerService { private static Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); static { //设置模版加载的路径，相对于FreemarkerService类路径下的templates路径 cfg.setTemplateLoader(new ClassTemplateLoader(FreeMarkerService.class, "ftl")); //设置对象包装器 cfg.setObjectWrapper(new DefaultObjectWrapper()); //设置默认编码 cfg.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8"); //设置异常处理器 cfg.setTemplateExceptionHandler(TemplateExceptionHandler.IGNORE_HANDLER); } public static Configuration getConfiguration() { return cfg; } } [/code] [code="java"] //freemarker工具类，将数据和模板合成html package project.util.freemarker import java.io.IOException; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.io.Writer; import java.util.Map; import freemarker.template.Configuration; import freemarker.template.Template; import freemarker.template.TemplateException; public class FreeMarkerUtil { @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") public static String dataToString(Map data,String templatePath) throws IOException,TemplateException{ if(data == null){ return null; } Writer out = null; Configuration cfg = FreeMarkerService.getConfiguration(); Template template = cfg.getTemplate(templatePath); out = new StringWriter(); template.process(data,out); return out.toString(); } } [/code] freemarker 模板 [code="html"] <#-- 定义宏buildNode --> <#macro buildNode child parent> <li id="${parent.menuId}" parentId="${parent.parent.menuId}"> <a href="${webRoot}/rbac/initMenuMgmtAction.do?menuId=${parent.menuId}"> <span <#if 'Y' == parent.isDel> style="text-decoration:line-through" </#if> > ${parent.menuName} </span> </a> <#if child?? && child?size gt 0> <ul> <#list child as t> <#-- 递归调用宏buildNode --> <@buildNode child=t.children parent=t/> </#list> </ul> </#if> </li> </#macro> <ul> <@buildNode child=rootMenu.children parent=rootMenu/> </ul> [/code] [code="java"] //实体类 package project.bean; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; import org.hibernate.annotations.Parameter; @Entity @Table(name="RBAC_MENUS") public class Menu { private int menuId; private String menuName; private String description; private Menu parent; private List<Menu> children; private List<Function> functions; private String isDel; public Menu(){} @Id @GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "sequence", parameters= {@Parameter(name="sequence",value="RBAC_MENU_SEQ")}) @Column(name="MENU_ID") public int getMenuId() { return menuId; } public void setMenuId(int menuId) { this.menuId = menuId; } @Column(name="MENU_NAME") public String getMenuName() { return menuName; } public void setMenuName(String menuName) { this.menuName = menuName; } @ManyToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.MERGE,CascadeType.REFRESH }, optional = true) @JoinColumn(name="PARENT_MENU_ID") public Menu getParent() { return parent; } public void setParent(Menu parent) { this.parent = parent; } @OneToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.REFRESH, CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.REMOVE },mappedBy ="parent") public List<Menu> getChildren() { return children; } public void setChildren(List<Menu> children) { this.children = children; } public void addChildren(Menu menu){ if(this.children == null){ this.children = new ArrayList<Menu>(); } this.children.add(menu); } @OneToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.REFRESH, CascadeType.PERSIST,CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.REMOVE },mappedBy ="menu") public List<Function> getFunctions() { return functions; } public void setFunctions(List<Function> functions) { this.functions = functions; } @Column(name="IS_DEL") public String getIsDel() { return isDel; } public void setIsDel(String isDel) { this.isDel = isDel; } @Column(name="description") public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } } [/code] [code="java"] //Struts action package project.web; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.annotation.Resource; import project.bean.Menu; import project.service.MenuService; import project.util.freemarker.FreeMarkerUtil; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; public class MenuAction extends ActionSupport { ... @Resource private MenuService menuService; private String menuTree; public String getMenuTree(){ return menuTree; } ... @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" }) public String initMenu(){ Menu rootMenu = menuService.getRootMenu(); try{ Map freemarkerData = new HashMap(); freemarkerData.put("rootMenu", rootMenu); freemarkerData.put("webRoot", ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getContextPath()); menuTree = FreeMarkerUtil.dataToString(freemarkerData, "menumgmt.ftl"); } catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return ActionSupport.SUCCESS; } ... [/code] [code="java"] //Menu Service实现类 public class MenuServiceImpl implements MenuService { @Resource private SessionFactory sessionFactory; ... //得到根菜单 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public Menu getRootMenu() { List<Menu> menus = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from Menu m where m.parent is null").list(); if(menus != null && menus.size()>0) return menus.get(0); return null; } //插入菜单 @Override public void insertMenu(Menu menu) { sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().persist(menu); } ... } [/code] jsp代码 [code="html"] ... <td rowspan="3" style="width:600px;vertical-align:top">  <div id="divTreeContainer" style="display:block;"> <div>菜单列表</div> <div id="treeContainer" style="margin-left:10px;display:block;"> ${menuTree} </div> </div> </td> ... <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ $("#treeContainer ul").Treeview(); $("#treeContainer").show(500); }); </script> [/code] 异常信息 ... Hibernate: select menu0_.MENU_ID as MENU1_2_, menu0_.description as descript2_2_, menu0_.IS_DEL as IS3_2_, menu0_.MENU_NAME as MENU4_2_, menu0_.PARENT_MENU_ID as PARENT5_2_ from RBAC_MENUS menu0_ where menu0_.PARENT_MENU_ID is null Hibernate: select children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID as PARENT5_1_, children0_.MENU_ID as MENU1_1_, children0_.MENU_ID as MENU1_2_0_, children0_.description as descript2_2_0_, children0_.IS_DEL as IS3_2_0_, children0_.MENU_NAME as MENU4_2_0_, children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID as PARENT5_2_0_ from RBAC_MENUS children0_ where children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID=? [ERROR] [freemarker.log.Log4JLoggerFactory$Log4JLogger.error(Log4JLoggerFactory.java:96)] er.runtime - Expression parent.parent is undefined on line 3, column 43 in menumgmt.ftl. The problematic instruction: ---------- ==> ${parent.parent.menuId} [on line 3, column 41 in menumgmt.ftl] in user-directive buildNode [on line 27, column 21 in menumgmt.ftl] ---------- Java backtrace for programmers: ---------- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: Expression parent.parent is undefined on line 3, column 43 in menumgmt.ftl. at freemarker.core.TemplateObject.assertNonNull(TemplateObject.java:124) at freemarker.core.TemplateObject.invalidTypeException(TemplateObject.java:134) at freemarker.core.Dot._getAsTemplateModel(Dot.java:78) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:209) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:209) at freemarker.core.Macro$Context.runMacro(Macro.java:168) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:602) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:106) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:209) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:209) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:189) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:237) at project.rbac.util.freemarker.FreeMarkerUtil.dataToString(FreeMarkerUtil.java:24) at project.rbac.web.MenuAction.initMenu(MenuAction.java:91) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:404) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:267) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:229) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:86) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:150) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:48) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:86) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:123) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:184) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:86) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:105) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:83) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:207) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:74) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:127) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ProfilingActivationInterceptor.intercept(ProfilingActivationInterceptor.java:107) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:206) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:115) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:143) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:121) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:86) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:170) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:123) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:176) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:224) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation$2.doProfiling(DefaultActionInvocation.java:223) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack.profile(UtilTimerStack.java:455) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:221) at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:50) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:504) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.doFilter(FilterDispatcher.java:422) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:198) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:96) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:857) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662) Hibernate: select children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID as PARENT5_1_, children0_.MENU_ID as MENU1_1_, children0_.MENU_ID as MENU1_2_0_, children0_.description as descript2_2_0_, children0_.IS_DEL as IS3_2_0_, children0_.MENU_NAME as MENU4_2_0_, children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID as PARENT5_2_0_ from RBAC_MENUS children0_ where children0_.PARENT_MENU_ID=? 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