按照你的思路，可以用公网ip，而不是本机ip，用httpclient去访问公网上一个能报告ip的网址（比如ip138），用返回的你服务器的公网ip代替本机ip
还可以用本机的硬盘卷标、主板序列号、mac等。不过这个需要jni去调用原生的代码，并且操作系统平台相关（windows、linux获取的方式不同）

这里有一个借助ip138返回你的出口ip的代码

 public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String ip1 = getMyIP();
            System.out.println("myIP:" + ip1);
            String ip2 = getMyIPLocal();
            System.out.println("myLocalIP:" + ip2);
        } catch (IOException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static String getMyIP() throws IOException {
        InputStream ins = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://iframe.ip138.com/ic.asp");
            URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
            ins = con.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isReader = new InputStreamReader(ins, "GB2312");
            BufferedReader bReader = new BufferedReader(isReader);
            StringBuffer webContent = new StringBuffer();
            String str = null;
            while ((str = bReader.readLine()) != null) {
                webContent.append(str);
            }
            int start = webContent.indexOf("[") + 1;
            int end = webContent.indexOf("]");
            return webContent.substring(start, end);
        } finally {
            if (ins != null) {
                ins.close();
            }
        }
    }

    private static String getMyIPLocal() throws IOException {
        InetAddress ia = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        return ia.getHostAddress();
    }
}

https://wenwen.sogou.com/z/q824838357.htm

看了你的问题，我觉得你可以换一种思路，你的目的是为了配置固定的服务使用程序，那么你可以在数据库做个配置，比如一个md5加密后的密钥，在程序调用的时候查找比对密钥。类似于这种的。

你需要了解的是如何获取ip地址：
Enumeration networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
Enumeration inetAddresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
while (inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) {
InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement();
if (inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress()) {//回路地址，如127.0.0.1
System.out.println("loop addr:" + inetAddress);
} else if (inetAddress.isLinkLocalAddress()) {//169.254.x.x
System.out.println("link addr:" + inetAddress);
} else {
//非链接和回路真实ip
System.out.println("ip:" + inetAddress);
}
}
}

[点击并拖拽以移动]

结果：

loop addr:/127.0.0.1
loop addr:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
ip:/192.168.10.89

https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/81627173

一般可以用网卡地址，即MAC地址。
InetAddress localInetAddress=null;
Enumeration networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
Enumeration inetAddresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
while (inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) {
InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement();
if (inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress()) {//回路地址，如127.0.0.1
//xxxxx
} else if (inetAddress.isLinkLocalAddress()) {//169.254.x.x
//
} else {
// Use a non-link local, non-loop back address by default
localInetAddress=inetAddress;
}
}
}
byte[] mac = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(localInetAddress).getHardwareAddress();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
for(int i=0; i<mac.length; i++) {
if(i!=0) {
sb.append("-");
}
//字节转换为整数
int temp = mac[i]&0xff;
String str = Integer.toHexString(temp);
System.out.println("每8位:"+str);
if(str.length()==1) {
sb.append("0"+str);
}else {
sb.append(str);
}
}
System.out.println("本机MAC地址:"+sb.toString().toUpperCase());

对ip限制，一般将ip段配置到数据库，程序执行时到库中进行查找匹配