Package.json 中的 tilde (~)和 caret (^)有什么区别？

Question

After I upgraded to latest stable node and npm, I tried npm install moment --save. It saves the entry in the package.json with the caret(^) prefix. Previously, it was a tilde(~) prefix.

1. Why are these changes made in npm?
2. What is the difference between tilde(~) and caret(^)?
3. What is the advantages over others?

转载于:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22343224/whats-the-difference-between-tilde-and-caret-in-package-json

Answer 1

In the simplest terms, the tilde matches the most recent minor version (the middle number). ~1.2.3 will match all 1.2.x versions but will miss 1.3.0.

The caret, on the other hand, is more relaxed. It will update you to the most recent major version (the first number). ^1.2.3 will match any 1.x.x release including 1.3.0, but will hold off on 2.0.0.

http://fredkschott.com/post/2014/02/npm-no-longer-defaults-to-tildes/

Note that the author's terminology is somewhat misleading: when he says "the most recent minor version" for ~ he means "the most recent patch version in the specified minor version". Similarly for ^, "the most recent major version" should be read as "the most recent minor version in the specified major version".