类属机制设计类属集合

Question

上机内容设计一个类属集合类SET,集合中可以存放不同类型的对象;然后编写一个演示程序利用SET创建并使用整数的集合、字符串的集合以及学生的集合，学生类STUDENT是你自己设计的类类型。（提示：集合中的元素不允许重复，且元素之间是无序的）求c++代码

Answer 1

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_set>

template <typename T>
class Set {
public:
    void add(const T& element) {
        set_.insert(element);
    }

    void remove(const T& element) {
        set_.erase(element);
    }

    bool contains(const T& element) const {
        return set_.find(element) != set_.end();
    }

    void print() const {
        for (const auto& element : set_) {
            std::cout << element << ' ';
        }
        std::cout << '\n';
    }

private:
    std::unordered_set<T> set_;
};

class Student {
public:
    Student(const std::string& name, int age) : name_(name), age_(age) {}

    bool operator==(const Student& other) const {
        return name_ == other.name_ && age_ == other.age_;
    }

    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Student& student);

private:
    std::string name_;
    int age_;
};

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Student& student) {
    os << student.name_ << ' ' << student.age_;
    return os;
}

namespace std {
template <>
struct hash<Student> {
    size_t operator()(const Student& student) const {
        return hash<string>()(student.name_) ^ hash<int>()(student.age_);
    }
};
}

int main() {
    Set<int> int_set;
    int_set.add(1);
    int_set.add(2);
    int_set.add(3);
    int_set.print();

    Set<std::string> string_set;
    string_set.add("hello");
    string_set.add("world");
    string_set.print();

    Set<Student> student_set;
    student_set.add(Student("Alice", 20));
    student_set.add(Student("Bob", 21));
    student_set.print();

    return 0;
}