主要问题还挺大的 ：
1.答案中没有约分
2.计算过程 加减乘除 我想输入-1停止但是实现不了 会一直循环下去
/*（1）为有理数定义一个Rational类。有理数可以表示成为两个相除的整数，如3/4、13/3等。将有理数表示成int类型的两个值相除，分别表示分子和分母；
（2）通过接收从键盘输入a/b形式的分数生成有理数类的对象，在程序中可以识别出分子和分母并正确赋值;（要判断分母是否为0）；
（3）采用运算符重载方法定义有理数的加、减、乘、除运算；（需要判断除数是否为0）
（4）设计有理数计算器测试程序，采用由计算机随机出题（用随机数），用户答题的形式，对有理数的加法、减法、乘法和除法进行测试。
（5）（选做题）设计记录功能，可以记录下不同用户使用计算器的情况，记录以文件形式保存。程序运行时要求输入用户名，显示该用户以前的记录。用户记录包括：做了多少次加法、减法、乘法和除法，进行测试的次数，测试的平均分等，在退出计算器程序时用新的用户记录代替原有记录。*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
struct User //用户结构体类型定义
{
char szName[20]; //用户名
int nTime; //使用次数
int nTest; //测试次数
double alAve; //平均成绩
int nAdd; //加法次数
int nSub; //减法次数
int nMul; //乘法次数
double dlScore[3]; //3次测试得分
}user;
class rational
{
public:
void print(); //输出函数
rational(int x=0,int y=0);
virtual ~rational();
void optimization(); //优化有理数函数
friend rational operator + (rational num1,rational num2); //重载运算符+
friend rational operator - (rational num1,rational num2); //重载运算符-
friend rational operator * (rational num1,rational num2); //重载运算符*
friend rational operator / (rational num1,rational num2); //重载运算符/
friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, rational& r);//重载流输入
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, rational& r);//重载流输出
friend bool operator ==(rational num1,rational num2); //重载运算符==
friend double real(rational x); //声明转换函数
private:
int denominator; //分母
int numerator; //分子
};
rational::rational(int x,int y)
{
numerator= x;
denominator= y;
optimization(); //有理数优化
}
rational::~rational()
{
}
void rational::print()
{
cout<<numerator;
if(numerator!=0 && denominator!=1)
cout<<"/"<<denominator<<"\n";
else
cout<<"\n";
}
void rational::optimization()
{
int gcd;
int i=1;
if(numerator==0) //如果分子为零，则分母为1后返回
{
denominator= 1;
return;
}
//取分子分母中较小的数作为公约数极限
gcd= (abs(numerator)>abs(denominator))?abs(numerator):abs(denominator);
if(gcd==0)
return; //若为0，则返回
for(int i=gcd;i>1;i--) //用循环找最大公约数
if((numerator%i==0)&& (denominator%i==0))
break;
numerator/=i; //i为最大公约数，将分子分母整除它，重新赋值
denominator/=i;
//若分子分母均为负数，则结果为正
if(numerator<0 && denominator<0)
{
numerator= -numerator;
denominator= -denominator;
}
//若分子分母只有一个为负数，则调整为分子取负，分母取正
else if(numerator<0 || denominator<0)
{
numerator= -abs(numerator);
denominator=abs(denominator);
}
}
rational operator + (rational num1,rational num2)
{
rational temp;
temp.denominator =num1.denominator *num2.denominator ;
temp.numerator = num1.numerator *num2.denominator +num1.denominator *num2.numerator ;
temp.optimization ();
return temp;
}
rational operator - (rational num1,rational num2)
{
rational temp;
temp.denominator =num1.denominator *num2.denominator ;
temp.numerator = num1.numerator *num2.denominator -num1.denominator *num2.numerator ;
temp.optimization ();
return temp;
}
rational operator * (rational num1,rational num2)
{
rational temp;
temp.denominator =num1.denominator *num2.denominator ;
temp.numerator = num1.numerator *num2.numerator ;
temp.optimization ();
return temp;
}
rational operator / (rational num1,rational num2)
{
rational temp;
temp.denominator =num1.denominator *num2.numerator ;
temp.numerator = num1.numerator *num2.denominator ;
temp.optimization ();
return temp;
}
bool operator ==(rational num1,rational num2)
{
if(num1.numerator ==num2.numerator && num1.denominator ==num2.denominator )
return true;
else
return false;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& is, rational& r) {
is >> r.numerator >> r.denominator;
if (r.denominator != 0) {
return is;
}
else {
cout << "The denominator is 0, which is illegal. Please try again!" << endl;
exit(0);
}
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, rational& r) {
if (r.numerator % r.denominator == 0) {
os << r.numerator / r.denominator << endl;
return os;
}
else
os << r.numerator << "\\" << r.denominator;
return os;
}
double real(rational x)
{
return(double(x.numerator)/double(x.denominator));
}
void Test() //测试函数
{
user.nTest++;
cout<<"共10道题，做100以内的加减运算，满分100分:\n";
double real1,real2,image1,image2,real3,real4,image3,image4;
rational answer,temp;
int score=0;
char op;
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++)
{
int m1 = rand() % 100 + 1; //生成1-100的随机数
int n1 = rand() % 100 + 1;
int m2 = rand() % 100 + 1;
int n2 = rand() % 100 + 1;
rational a(m1,n1),b(m2,n2);
int m3=rand()%20-10;
int n3=rand()%20-10;
int m4=rand()%20-10;
int n4=rand()%20-10;
rational c(m3,n3),d(m4,n4);
op=rand()%4; //产生随机加减乘除运算的三个值
switch(op)
{
case 0:
answer=a+b;
cout<<a<<"加上"<<b<<"等于";
break;
case 1:
cout<<a<<"减去"<<b<<"等于";
break;
case 2:
answer=c*d;
cout<<c<<"乘以"<<d<<"等于";
break;
}
cin>>temp; //输入用户计算值
if(answer==temp) //比较用户计算值
{
score+=10;
}
else
{
cout<<"此题做错了\n";
cout<<"正确答案为:"<<answer<<endl;
}
}
cout<<"你的最后得分是:"<<score<<endl;
if(user.nTest<=3)
{
user.alAve=0;
user.dlScore[user.nTest-1]=score;
for(int i=0;i<user.nTest;i++)
user.alAve+=user.dlScore[i];
user.alAve=user.alAve/user.nTest;
}
else
{
user.dlScore[0]=user.dlScore[1];
user.dlScore[1]=user.dlScore[2];
user.dlScore[2]=score;
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
user.alAve=0;
user.alAve+=user.dlScore[i];
user.alAve=user.alAve/3;
}
cout<<"请按任意键继续\n";
cout.flush();
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
}
void Add() //加法运算函数
{
user.nAdd++;
rational num1,num2,sum,Zero(0,0);
cout<<"加法计算\n"<<"最少输入两个数,并且以-1结束\n";
cout<<"第一个数:";
cin>>num1;
cout<<"第二个数:";
cin>>num2;
sum=num1+num2;
cout<<"第三个数:";
cin>>num1;
int i=4;
while(1)
{
sum=sum+num1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"个数:";
cin>>num1;
i++;
if(num1==-1)
break;
}
cout<<"加法结果是:"<<sum<<endl;
cout<<"请按任意键继续\n";
cout.flush();
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
void Sub() //减法函数
{
user.nSub++;
rational num1,num2,sub,Zero(0,0);
cout<<"最少输入两个数，并且以-1结束\n";
cout<<"第1个数:";
cin>>num1;
cout<<"第2个数:";
cin>>num2;
sub=num1-num2;
cout<<"第3个数:";
cin>>num1;
int i=4;
while(1)
{
sub=sub-num1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"个数:";
cin>>num1;
i++;
if(num1==-1)
break;
}
cout<<"减法结果是:"<<sub<<endl;
cout<<"请按任意键继续\n";
cout.flush();
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
void Mul() //乘积函数
{
user.nMul++;
rational num1,num2,mul,Zero(0,0);
cout<<"乘法计算\n"<<"最少输入两数,并且以-1结束\n";
cout<<"第一个数:";
cin>>num1;
cout<<"第二个数:";
cin>>num2;
mul=num1*num2;
cout<<"第三个数:";
cin>>num1;
int i=4;
while(1)
{
num1=mul*num1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"个数:";
cin>>num1;
i++;
if(num1==-1)
break;
}
cout<<"乘法结果是:"<<mul<<endl;
cout<<"请按任意键继续\n";
cout.flush();
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
void userprint() //输出用户信息函数
{
cout<<user.szName<<"使用的次数为:"<<user.nTime<<endl;
cout<<"其中:\t加法的次数:"<<user.nAdd<<"\t减法的次数:"<<user.nSub<<"\t乘法的次数:"<<user.nMul<<endl;
cout<<"\t测试次数:"<<user.nTest<<"\t平均成绩:"<<user.alAve<<endl;
}
void Login() //当前用户信息函数
{
char szName[20];
cout << "请输入您的姓名:";
cin.getline(szName, 20);
ifstream infile;
User user1;
infile.open("user.dat", ios::binary | ios::in);
if (!infile)
{
cout << "没有原始记录文件，您是第一个用户!\n";
strcpy(user.szName, szName);
user.nTest++;
return;
}
infile.read((char*)&user1, sizeof(User));
while (!infile.eof())
{
if (strcmp(user1.szName, szName) == 0)
{
user = user1;
user.nTime++;
cout << "欢迎您再次使用计算器!";
userprint();
cin.get();
infile.close();
return;
}
infile.read((char*)&user1, sizeof(User));
}
cout << "欢迎您再次使用计算器!";
strcpy(user.szName, szName);
user.nTime++;
infile.close();
return;
}
void SaveFile() //用户资料保存函数
{
userprint();
fstream file;
User user1;
file.open("user.dat", ios::binary | ios::in | ios::out);
if (!file)
{
cout << "文件打开错误，不能进行更新!\n";
return;
}
file.seekp(0, ios::beg);
while (!file.eof())
{
file.read((char*)&user1, sizeof(User));
if (strcmp(user1.szName, user.szName) == 0)
{
file.seekp(-1 * (sizeof(User)), ios::cur);
file.write((char*)&user, sizeof(User));
file.close();
return;
}
}
file.close();
fstream outfile;
outfile.open("user.dat", ios::binary | ios::app);
outfile.write((char*)&user, sizeof(User));
outfile.close();
return;
}
int main(){
rational t1,t2;
rational c;
int choise;
Login(); //当前用户信息函数
do
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t这是一个简单的计算器程序，可以实现以下功能，请按对应的按键(1-5)\n\n\n";
cout << "\t=========================MENU===========================\n";
cout << "\t1:有理数加法，以0结束\n";
cout << "\t2:有理数减法，以0结束\n";
cout << "\t3:测试分数加减乘法运算，1次测试10道题\n";
cout << "\t4:有理数乘法，以0结束\n";
cout << "\t5:有理数除法，以0结束\n";
cout << "\t0:退出程序\n\n:";
cout << "\t请您选择:";
cin >> choise;
if (choise == 1)
{
Add();
}
else if (choise == 2)
{
Sub();
}
else if (choise == 3)
{
Test();
}
else if (choise == 4)
{
Mul();
}
else if (choise == 5)
{ cin>>t1;
cin>>t2;
rational c = t1 / t2;
c.optimization();
c.print();
}
else if (choise == 0) //用户选0则结束调用函数
{
cout << "\n\n\t欢迎下次继续使用计算器!\n";
break;
}
else
{
cout << "\n\t输入错误，请按任意键继续!\n";
}system("pause");
} while (1);
SaveFile(); //调用用户资料保存函数
return 0;
}
谢谢大家！
