c++重载文件流写入txt文件出现乱码

Question

我的目的是用过这段程序分别向一个txt文本写入信息和向另一个txt文本以二进制形式写入信息，但是运行过后两个txt内容一样，有些信息是正确的有些是乱码，应该二进制录入信息的文本中内容和第一个文本一样，代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{
private:
    char no[10], name[20], sex[10];
    char major[20], phone[20], addr[30];
public:
    friend istream & operator>>(istream &, Student &);
    friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &, Student &);
    void writeTo(char filename[]);
    void readFrom(char filename[]);
    void writeTobinary(char filename[]);
    void readFrombinary(char filename[]);
};
istream & operator>>(istream & input, Student & s)
{
    cout << "输入学生数据：" << endl;
    cout << "学号：";
    input >> s.no;
    cout << "姓名：";
    input >> s.name;
    cout << "性别：";
    input >> s.sex;
    cout << "专业：";
    input >> s.major;
    cout << "电话：";
    input >> s.phone;
    cout << "地址：";
    input >> s.addr;
    return input;
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & output, Student & s)
{
    output << "输出学生数据：" << endl;
    output << "学号：" << s.no << endl;
    output << "姓名：" << s.name << endl;
    output << "性别：" << s.sex << endl;
    output << "专业：" << s.major << endl;
    output << "电话：" << s.phone << endl;
    output << "地址：" << s.addr << endl;
    return output;
}
void Student::writeTobinary (char filename[])
{
    ofstream outFile;
    outFile.open(filename,ios::binary|ios::out);
    if(!outFile) cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
    else outFile.write((char *)this, sizeof *this);
    outFile.close();
}
void Student::readFrombinary (char filename[])
{
    ifstream inFile;
    inFile.open(filename,ios::binary|ios::in);
    if(!inFile) cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
    inFile>>no>>name>>sex>>major>>phone>>addr;
    inFile.close();
}

void Student::writeTo (char filename[])
{
    ofstream outFile;
    outFile.open(filename,ios::out);
    if(!outFile) cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
    else outFile.write((char *)this, sizeof *this);
    outFile.close();
}
void Student::readFrom (char filename[])
{
    ifstream inFile;
    inFile.open(filename,ios::in);
    if(!inFile) cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
    inFile>>no>>name>>sex>>major>>phone>>addr;
    inFile.close();
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Student stu1,stu2;
    cin >> stu1;
    stu1.writeTo("D:\\stu1.txt");
    stu1.readFrom("D:\\stu1.txt");
    cout << stu1;

    cin >> stu2;
    stu2.writeTobinary("D:\\stu2.txt");
    stu2.readFrombinary("D:\\stu2.txt");
    cout << stu2;

    return 0;
}

如何解决？

Answer 1

写文件都是用二进制write，读文件都是用文本 >> 方式，这样输入输出有问题。

一般文本方式写入用<<，读用>>。二进制写入用write，读取用read。不能混。