在一个类中混合使用静态和非静态方法是否可以接受？

Question

I have a relatively simple question, and although there are many posts about it on Google, I cannot find a single one that simply answers the question.

So the short question is "Is it acceptable to mix static and non static methods in one class?". I guess I am really asking "is it good practice to stick with one type of method", or "are there things to consider when using both".

For example, If I was building a class to cope with food in my fridge, which of the following (or what else) would be the best approach

Example 1:

Class Food
{
    public function __construct( $itemName, $itemDescription )
    {
        .... some code for a new item of food ....
    }

    public static function getAllFood()
    {
        .... some code to get all the items in my fridge ....
    }
}

$food = new Food( "apple", "Nice juicy Pink Lady apple" );
Food::getAllFood();

Or Example 2:

Class Food
{
    public function __construct( $itemName, $itemDescription )
    {
        .... some code for a new item of food ....
    }

    public function getAllFood()
    {
        .... some code to get all the items in my fridge ....
    }
}

$food = new Food( "apple", "Nice juicy Pink Lady apple" );
$food->getAllFood();

Thanks in advance

Answer 1

In this case you have to go with example 2, because what you're trying to do in example 1 will not work:

$food = new Food( "apple", "Nice juicy Pink Lady apple" );
Food::getAllFood(); //static

There will not be any food returned unless there's some hardcoded in the class. What you put in with the constructor, you put into the instance in $food. But you're calling the class itself Food::getAllFood() to retrieve. That doesn't make sense.

Are there cases where it would make sense to include a static method in a class? Yes. Like if I was making a db connection class that would hold a connection, but I also wanted to expose some date format methods that are related to the particular DBMS but don't actually require the connection to the db to be active. Anything touching the db would have to be non-static, but some transformation methods on data I've already pulled out could be static:

$db = new JDE_DBClass($connectionString);
$rows = $db->doSelectQuery("select * from whatever");
$date = JDE_DBClass::convertJDE_Date_to_PHP_Date($rows[0]['dateField']);

In this case you might want to do this to allow conversion without having to instantiate the db object, because perhaps you might need to convert back and forth between JDE's so-called Julian format and regular dates before even determining whether you need to connect to the db:

$date = JDE_DBClass::convertJDE_Date_to_PHP_Date('114309');