关于#c++#的问题：这个是用的c++的系统来做的

Question

这个是用的c++的系统来做的，这是全部，主要是没思路，烦请每个的大纲说一下，谢谢

以上每个内容需要通过单独的函数来实现，数据以结构体数组的形式组织。

Answer 1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//定义学生的最大数量
#define MAXNMB 50
//定义课程数量
#define NMBKC 5
struct Student
{
    int number;      //学号
    char name[20];   //姓名
    int score[NMBKC];//保存课程成绩
    float avg;       //平均分
    int mc;          //名次
};
//显示信息
void Display(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i;
    char* xh ="学号";
    char* xm ="姓名";
    printf("%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        printf("%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    printf("\n");
    for (i = 0;i< nmb;i++)
    {
        printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4]);
    }
}
//解析数据
int ParserStr(char* buf,char out[NMBKC][20])
{
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0,m = 0;;
    char prech = 'a';
    //去掉开头的空格
    while(buf[i] == ' ')
        i++;
    while(buf[i] != '\0')
    {
        if (buf[i] == '\n' && prech != ' ')
        {
            out[j][m] = '\0';
            //printf("%d  %s\n",j,out[j]);
            prech = ' ';
            m = 0;
            j++;
            i++;
        }else if(buf[i] == ' ' && prech != ' ')
        {
            out[j][m] = '\0';
            //printf("%d  %s\n",j,out[j]);
            prech = ' ';
            m = 0;
            j++;
            i++;
        }else if (buf[i] == ' ' && prech == ' ')
        {
            i++;
        }else
        {
            out[j][m] = buf[i];
            prech = buf[i];
            m++;
            i++;
        }
    }
    if (j== NMBKC+2)
    {
        return 1;
    }else
        return 0;
}
//读取文件
void ReadFile(struct Student stu[],int *nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i = 0,j = 0;
    char buf[100] = {0};
    char tmp[NMBKC+2][20] = {0};
    int t;
    FILE* fp;
    errno_t err;
    if ((err = fopen_s(&fp,"a.txt","r")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件读取失败\n");
        return ;
    }
    //读取文件
    //第一行数据
    fgets(buf,100,fp);
    //解析数据
    ParserStr(buf,tmp); //解析出课程名称
    for (j =0;j < NMBKC;j++)
    {
        strcpy_s(kecheng[j],20,tmp[j+2]);
    }
    while(!feof(fp))
    {
        memset(buf,0,100);
        fgets(buf,100,fp); //读取一行
        //避免最后一行直接结束
        if(buf[strlen(buf)-1] != '\n')
            buf[strlen(buf)] = ' ';
        memset(tmp,0,sizeof(tmp));
        if(ParserStr(buf,tmp))
        {
            stu[i].number = atoi(tmp[0]);
            strcpy_s(stu[i].name,20,tmp[1]);
            stu[i].avg = 0.0;
            for(t = 0;t < NMBKC;t++)
            {
                stu[i].score[t] = atoi(tmp[2+t]);
                stu[i].avg += stu[i].score[t];
            }
            stu[i].avg /= NMBKC;
            i++;
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
    *nmb = i;
    //printf("总学生数:%d\n",i);
}
//按平均分排名
void SortByavg(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i,j;
    errno_t err;
    struct Student tmp;
    char* xh ="学号";
    char* xm ="姓名";
    char* pjf ="平均分";
    char* pm="排名";
    FILE* fp;
    printf("%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        printf("%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    printf("%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    for (i = 0;i< nmb-1;i++)
    {
        for (j = 0;j<nmb-1-i;j++)
        {
            if(stu[j].avg < stu[j+1].avg)
            {
                tmp = stu[j];
                stu[j] = stu[j+1];
                stu[j+1] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    //屏幕显示
    j = 1;
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        if (i == 0)
        {
            stu[i].mc = 1;
            printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,j);
        }else
        {
            if(stu[i].avg != stu[i-1].avg)
                j++;
            stu[i].mc = j;
            printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,j);
        }
    }
    //写文件
    if ((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file2.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return;
    }
    //屏幕显示
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        fprintf(fp,"%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    fprintf(fp,"%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    j = 1;
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        if (i == 0)
        {
            fprintf(fp,"%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,j);
        }else
        {
            if(stu[i].avg != stu[i-1].avg)
                j++;
            fprintf(fp,"%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,j);
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//按学号排名
void SortByxh(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i,j;
    struct Student tmp;
    errno_t err;
    char* xh ="学号";
    char* xm ="姓名";
    char* pjf ="平均分";
    char* pm="排名";
    FILE* fp;
    //写文件
    printf("%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        printf("%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    printf("%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    for (i = 0;i< nmb-1;i++)
    {
        for (j = 0;j<nmb-1-i;j++)
        {
            if(stu[j].number > stu[j+1].number)
            {
                tmp = stu[j];
                stu[j] = stu[j+1];
                stu[j+1] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    //屏幕显示
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
    }
    //写文件
    if ((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file1.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return;
    }
    //写文件
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        fprintf(fp,"%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    fprintf(fp,"%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//统计每门课程的平均分
void TongjiKcpjf(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i,j;
    errno_t err;
    FILE* fp;
    float avg[NMBKC];  //保存每门课程的平均分
    int a[5][NMBKC];   //保存每个分数段的数量
    char* d0 = "分数段";
    char* ds[] = {"<60","60-69","70-79","80-89",">=90"};
    char* pjf = "平均分";
    //计算课程平均分
    for (i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
    {
        avg[i] = 0.0;
        for (j = 0;j< nmb;j++)
            avg[i] += stu[j].score[i];
        avg[i] /= nmb;
    }
    //初始化数量
    for (i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<NMBKC;j++)
            a[i][j] = 0;
    }
    //统计各分数段数量
    for (i=0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<NMBKC;j++)
        {
            if(stu[i].score[j]< 60)
                a[0][j] += 1;
            else if(stu[i].score[j]>= 60 && stu[i].score[j]<= 69)
                a[1][j] +=1;
            else if(stu[i].score[j]>= 70 && stu[i].score[j]<= 79)
                a[2][j] +=1;
            else if(stu[i].score[j]>= 80 && stu[i].score[j]<= 89)
                a[3][j] +=1;
            else
                a[4][j] +=1;
        }
    }
    //打印
    printf("%-6s  ",d0);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        printf("%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    printf("\n");
    for (i = 0;i< 5;i++)
    {
        printf("%-6s  ",ds[i]);
        for(j=0;j<NMBKC;j++)
            printf("%-10d",a[i][j]);
        printf("\n");
    }
    printf("%-6s  ",pjf);
    for (i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
    {
        printf("%.2f     ",avg[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    //写文件
    if ((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file3.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return;
    }
    //写
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s  ",d0);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        fprintf(fp,"%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    fprintf(fp,"\n");
    for (i = 0;i< 5;i++)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%-6s  ",ds[i]);
        for(j=0;j<NMBKC;j++)
            fprintf(fp,"%-10d",a[i][j]);
        fprintf(fp,"\n");
    }
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s  ",pjf);
    for (i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%.2f     ",avg[i]);
    }
    fprintf(fp,"\n");
    fclose(fp);
}
//打印成绩条
void DisplayCjt(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i,j;
    errno_t err;
    struct Student tmp;
    char* xh ="学号";
    char* xm ="姓名";
    char* pjf ="平均分";
    char* pm="排名";
    FILE* fp;
    for (i = 0;i< nmb-1;i++)
    {
        for (j = 0;j<nmb-1-i;j++)
        {
            if(stu[j].number > stu[j+1].number)
            {
                tmp = stu[j];
                stu[j] = stu[j+1];
                stu[j+1] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    //屏幕显示
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
    }
    //写文件
    if ((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file4.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return;
    }
    //写文件
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        fprintf(fp,"%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    fprintf(fp,"%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    for (i = 0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//打印所有不及格信息
void DisplayBjg(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i,j;
    FILE* fp;
    errno_t err;
    int bw = 0;
    char buf[100]={0};
    char tmp[10];
    if((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file5.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return ;
    }
    for (i = 0;i< nmb;i++)
    {
        bw = 0;
        memset(buf,0,100);
        for (j = 0;j< NMBKC;j++)
        {
            if(stu[i].score[j]< 60)
            {
                memset(tmp,0,10);
                strcat_s(buf,100,kecheng[j]);
                strcat_s(buf,100,"(");
                _itoa_s(stu[i].score[j],tmp,10,10);
                strcat_s(buf,100,tmp);
                strcat_s(buf,100,")  ");
                bw = 1;
            }
        }
        if(bw)
        {
            printf("%d  %s  %s\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,buf);
            fprintf(fp,"%d  %s  %s\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,buf);
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//判断是否是优等生
int isYds(struct Student st)
{
    int i;
    int tt = 0;
    int flag1 = 0,flag2 = 0,flag3 = 1;
    if (st.avg > 90)
    {
        flag1 = 1;
    }
    for (i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
    {
        if(st.score[i] == 100 && st.avg > 85)
            flag1 = 1;
        if(st.score[i] > 95)
            tt++;
        if(st.score[i]< 60)
            flag3 = 0;
    }
    if(tt>=2 && st.avg > 85)
        flag1 = 1;
    if(st.mc <=3 )
        flag2 = 1;
    if (flag1 && flag2 && flag3)
    {
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
//打印优等生
void DisplayYds(struct Student stu[],int nmb,char kecheng[][20])
{
    int i;
    errno_t err;
    FILE* fp;
    char* xh ="学号";
    char* xm ="姓名";
    char* pjf ="平均分";
    char* pm="排名";
    if((err = fopen_s(&fp,"file6.txt","w")) != 0)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败\n");
        return ;
    }
    //终端输出
    printf("%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        printf("%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    printf("%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    //写文件
    fprintf(fp,"%-6s%-8s",xh,xm);
    for(i=0;i<NMBKC;i++)
        fprintf(fp,"%-10s",kecheng[i]);
    fprintf(fp,"%-10s%-10s\n",pjf,pm);
    for (i=0;i<nmb;i++)
    {
        if(isYds(stu[i]))
        {
            printf("%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
            fprintf(fp,"%-6d%-10s%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%-10d%.2f%5d\n",stu[i].number,stu[i].name,stu[i].score[0],stu[i].score[1],stu[i].score[2],stu[i].score[3],stu[i].score[4],stu[i].avg,stu[i].mc);
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
int main()
{
    struct Student stu[MAXNMB];
    int nmb;  //实际学生人数，从文件中读取
    char kc[NMBKC][20] = {0};  //保存课程名称
    //1.从文件中读取数据
    printf("-------------------1.读入原始数据并显示---------------------\n");
    ReadFile(stu,&nmb,kc);
    Display(stu,nmb,kc);
    //2.排序
    printf("-------------------2.1根据平均分排序并显示------------------\n");
    SortByavg(stu,nmb,kc); //现根据平均分排序
    printf("-------------------2.2根据学号排序并显示--------------------\n");
    SortByxh(stu,nmb,kc);  //再根据学号排序，因为首选需要根据平均分排序才能得到名次
    //3.统计课程平均分
    printf("-------------------3.统计课程平均分并显示--------------------\n");
    TongjiKcpjf(stu,nmb,kc);
    //4.打印成绩条
    printf("-------------------4.打印成绩条------------------------------\n");
    DisplayCjt(stu,nmb,kc);
    //5.打印不及格成绩
    printf("-------------------5.打印不及格成绩---------------------------\n");
    DisplayBjg(stu,nmb,kc);
    //6.打印优等生
    printf("-------------------6.打印优等生-------------------------------\n");
    DisplayYds(stu,nmb,kc);
    getchar();
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

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