结构体数组文件读取问题

Question

结构体数组在读取TXT文件信息时如果要输入文件路径是直接复制粘贴文件的地址吗？
如果是的话为什么我的这个程序还是读取不了文件
如果不是的话，应该输出什么样的路径，能具体说说要怎么操作吗（就是怎么确定一个文件的路径是什么然后输入程序中），对文件读取这一块不了解

#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cassert>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX_STUDENT_NUM = 100;
string file_path;
int student_num = 0; // 记录已经读入学生数


// 学生结构体
struct Student {
    string id; // 学号
    string name; // 姓名
    double chinese; // 语文成绩
    double math; // 数学成绩
    double english; // 英语成绩
    double peer_score; // 同学互评分
    double morality_score; // 品德成绩
    double teacher_score; // 任课教师评分
    double average; // 考试成绩
    int rank; // 考试名次
    double total_score; // 综合测评总分
    int total_rank; // 综合测评名次
}studentss[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];

// 按照从大到小的顺序比较学生成绩，用于排序
bool compare_averages(Student a, Student b)
{
    if (a.average == b.average)
        {
            return a.id < b.id;
        }
    return a.average > b.average;
}

// 按照从大到小的顺序比较学生总分，用于排序
bool compare_total_scores(Student a, Student b)
{
    if (a.total_score == b.total_score)
    {
        return a.id < b.id;
    }
    return a.total_score > b.total_score;
}

// 读入学生信息
void read_students()
{
    ifstream input_file(file_path); // 打开文件
    //    assert(fin.is_open());
    if (!input_file.is_open())
    {
        cout << "文件打开失败！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    string line;
    getline(input_file, line);
    while (getline(input_file, line))
    {
        stringstream ss(line);
        ss >> studentss[student_num].id >> studentss[student_num].name >> studentss[student_num].chinese >> studentss[student_num].math >> studentss[student_num].english >> studentss[student_num].peer_score >> studentss[student_num].morality_score >> studentss[student_num].teacher_score;
        student_num++;
    }
    input_file.close();//关闭文件
    cout << "成功读入" << student_num << " 名学生的信息！" << endl;
}
// 计算学生考试成绩和名次
void calc_exam_score_and_rank()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        studentss[i].average = (studentss[i].chinese + studentss[i].math + studentss[i].english) / 3.0; // 计算考试成绩
    }
    sort(studentss, studentss + student_num, compare_averages); // 按照考试成绩排序

    // 计算考试名次
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        if (i == 0)
        {
            studentss[i].rank = 1;
        }
        else if (studentss[i].average == studentss[i - 1].average)
        {
            studentss[i].rank = studentss[i - 1].rank;
        }
        else
        {
            studentss[i].rank = i + 1;
        }
    }
}

// 计算学生综合测评总分和名次
void calc_total_score_and_rank()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        studentss[i].total_score = studentss[i].average * 0.6 + studentss[i].peer_score * 0.1
            + studentss[i].morality_score * 0.1 + studentss[i].teacher_score * 0.2; // 计算综合测评总分
    }
    sort(studentss, studentss + student_num, compare_total_scores); // 按照综合测评总分排序

    // 计算综合测评名次
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        if (i == 0)
        {
            studentss[i].total_rank = 1;
        }
        else if (studentss[i].total_score == studentss[i - 1].total_score)
        {
            studentss[i].total_rank = studentss[i - 1].total_rank;
        }
        else
        {
            studentss[i].total_rank = i + 1;
        }
    }
}

// 查询学生信息
void query_student_info()
{
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要查询的学生学号：";
    cin >> id;
    bool found = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        if (studentss[i].id == id)
        {
            cout << "学号：" << studentss[i].id << endl;
            cout << "姓名：" << studentss[i].name << endl;
            cout << "语文成绩：" << studentss[i].chinese << endl;
            cout << "数学成绩：" << studentss[i].math << endl;
            cout << "外语成绩：" << studentss[i].english << endl;
            cout << "考试平均成绩：" << studentss[i].average << endl;
            cout << "考试名次：" << studentss[i].rank << endl;
            cout << "同学互评分：" << studentss[i].peer_score << endl;
            cout << "品德成绩：" << studentss[i].morality_score << endl;
            cout << "任课教师评分：" << studentss[i].teacher_score << endl;
            cout << "综合测评总分：" << studentss[i].total_score << endl;
            cout << "综合测评名次：" << studentss[i].total_rank << endl;
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found)
    {
        cout << "没有找到对应学生信息！" << endl;
    }
}
//修改学生信息
void modify_student_info()
{
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要修改的学生学号：";
    cin >> id;
    bool found = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {

        if (studentss[i].id == id)
        {
            cout << "请输入新的语文成绩：";
            cin >> studentss[i].chinese;
            cout << "请输入新的数学成绩：";
            cin >> studentss[i].math;
            cout << "请输入新的英语成绩：";
            cin >> studentss[i].english;
            cout << "请输入新的同学互评分：";
            cin >> studentss[i].peer_score;
            cout << "请输入新的品德成绩：";
            cin >> studentss[i].morality_score;
            cout << "请输入新的任课教师评分：";
            cin >> studentss[i].teacher_score;

            // 重新计算该学生的信息
            studentss[i].average = (studentss[i].chinese + studentss[i].math + studentss[i].english) / 3.0;
            calc_exam_score_and_rank();
            calc_total_score_and_rank();
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found)
    {
        cout << "没有找到对应学生信息！" << endl;
    }
}
void delete_student_info()
{
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要删除的学生学号：" << endl;
    cin >> id;
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++)
    {
        if (studentss[i].id == id)
        {
            for (int j = i; j < student_num - 1; j++)
            {
                studentss[j] = studentss[j + 1];
            }
            student_num--;
            cout << "学生信息删除成功！" << endl;
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "没有找到要删除的学生信息！" << endl;
}
void export_student_info()
{
    string file_path;
    cout << " 请输入要导出学生成绩的文件路径：";
        cin >> file_path;
    ofstream output_file(file_path);
    if (!output_file.is_open())
    {
        cout << "无法打开文件！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    output_file.close();
    cout << "学生成绩已成功导出到文件" << file_path << endl;
}
void bSystem()
{
    cout << "进入学生数据信息处理系统" << endl;
    /* step 1 读取学生信息*/
    read_students();
    calc_exam_score_and_rank();
    calc_total_score_and_rank();
    int selectA = 0;
    while (selectA != 5)
    {
        cout << endl;
        /* step 2 */
        cout << "1. 查询数据 " << endl;
        cout << "2. 修改数据" << endl;
        cout << "3. 删除数据" << endl;
        cout << "4. 导出学生成绩" << endl;
        cout << "5. 退出子系统" << endl;
        cout << endl << endl;// 输入
        cin >> selectA;
        cout << "您输入的是 " << selectA << endl;
        if (selectA == 1)
        {
            query_student_info();
        }
        else if (selectA == 2)
        {
            modify_student_info();
        }
        else if (selectA == 3)
        {
            delete_student_info();
        }
        else if (selectA == 4)
        {
            export_student_info();
        }
        else if (selectA == 5)
        {
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "错误的输入，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    cout << "请输入学生信息文件的路径：";
        cin >> file_path;
    bSystem();
    return 0;

}

Answer 1

输入的时候注意，是\不是\\，程序里才是\\
比如 x:\folder\1.txt