设计并编写面向对象的c++简单应用程序

Question

零食自动售货机可以售出若干种商品，其中，商品属性包括：商品代码、商品名、商品单价、商品总量、商品库存量；售货机中的货币属性包括：货币面值、货币数量；售货机电子账户包括：账号、金额。顾客购买商品可选择两种付款形式：第一种是扫码付款，微信或支付宝扫码模拟均可；第二种是投入面值为1/5/10/20元钱币购买商品，自动售货机吐出商品，并且找给用户零钱，零钱的面值分别为1元、2元和5元。如果商品用完，或者无法找零，则给出用户一个提示：商品已售完，并且退还钱币，为了避免流失顾客，希望你的售货机能够尽可能地给用户找零。为了调查用户的喜好，希望得到各种商品的每日消费数据，并由此来调整货柜中各类货物的存贮量。
要求：编写一个零食自动售货机系统。实现以下功能：
【功能要求】
（1）库存查询：检索当前各种商品的储存量。
（2）销售查询：持有密码的管理员可统计每种商品的销售量和销售额。
（3）货币查询：持有密码的管理员可统计所有不同面值的货币数目及总金额数，并检验货币总金额是否与总销售额一致。
（4）销售界面：顾客选择商品，确认后，扫码付款获得商品或投入钱币获得商品和零钱；或者直接显示错误并退还钱币。
（5）设计友好的界面和菜单：每种功能的操作都是在菜单中进行相应选择。
要求写详细注释

Answer 1

。最近都是课题，需要讲解可以留言

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

class Commodity {
public:
    int code;  
    string name;  
    double price;  
    int quantity;  
    int salesVolume;  
    double salesRevenue; 
    Commodity(int c, string n, double p, int q, int v = 0, double r = 0.0) {
        code = c;
        name = n;
        price = p;
        quantity = q;
        salesVolume = v;
        salesRevenue = r;
    }
    void sellCommodity(int q) {
        quantity -= q;
        salesVolume += q;
        salesRevenue += q * price;
    }
};

class Currency {
public:
    double value;  
    int quantity;
    Currency(double v, int q) {
        value = v;
        quantity = q;
    }
};

class Account {
public:
    int id;  
    double balance;  
    Account(int i = 0, double b = 0.0) {
        id = i;
        balance = b;
    }
};

class VendingMachine {
public:
    vector<Commodity> commodities;  
    vector<Currency> currencies;  
    Account account;  
    int password; 
    VendingMachine(vector<Commodity> c, vector<Currency> u, Account a = Account(), int p = 1234) {
        commodities = c;
        currencies = u;
        account = a;
        password = p;
    }

    void displayMenu() {  
        cout << "商品清单：" << endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            cout << commodities[i].code << " " << commodities[i].name << " " << fixed << setprecision(2) << commodities[i].price << "元/个" << endl;
        }
    }

    bool checkCommodity(int code) {  
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            if (commodities[i].code == code) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    bool checkStock(int code) {  
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            if (commodities[i].code == code) {
                return commodities[i].quantity > 0;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    void buyCommodity(int code, double money) {  
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            if (commodities[i].code == code) {
                if (money < commodities[i].price) {
                    cout << "金额不足，请重新选择！" << endl;
                    return;
                }
                if (commodities[i].quantity == 0) {
                    cout << "商品已售完，请选择其他商品！" << endl;
                    return;
                }
                double change = money - commodities[i].price;
                if (change > 0) {
                    cout << "找零：" << fixed << setprecision(2) << change << "元" << endl;
                    account.balance += commodities[i].price;
                } else {
                    account.balance += money;
                }
                commodities[i].sellCommodity(1);
                cout << "购买成功！" << endl;
                return;
            }
        }
        cout << "商品不存在，请重新选择！" << endl;
    }

    void displaySales() { 
        int totalVolume = 0;
        double totalRevenue = 0.0;
        cout << "销售情况：" << endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            totalVolume += commodities[i].salesVolume;
            totalRevenue += commodities[i].salesRevenue;
            cout << commodities[i].name << " 销售量：" << commodities[i].salesVolume << " 销售额：" << fixed << setprecision(2) << commodities[i].salesRevenue << "元" << endl;
        }
        cout << "总销售量：" << totalVolume << " 总销售额：" << fixed << setprecision(2) << totalRevenue << "元" << endl;
    }

    void displayStock() {  
        cout << "库存情况：" << endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            cout << commodities[i].name << " 剩余数量：" << commodities[i].quantity << endl;
        }
    }

    void displayCurrency() {  
        int totalQuantity = 0;
        double totalValue = 0.0;
        cout << "货币情况：" << endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < currencies.size(); i++) {
            totalValue += currencies[i].value * currencies[i].quantity;
            totalQuantity += currencies[i].quantity;
            cout << currencies[i].value << "元：数量 " << currencies[i].quantity << endl;
        }
        cout << "-------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "总金额数：" << totalValue << "元" << endl;
        cout << "货币数量：" << totalQuantity << endl;
    }

    void displaySalesInterface(int password) { 
        if (password != this->password) {
            cout << "密码错误！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        displaySales();
        displayCurrency();
        if (checkTotalRevenue()) {
            cout << "货币总金额与总销售额一致。" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "货币总金额与总销售额不一致，请检查货币情况！" << endl;
        }
    }

    bool checkTotalRevenue() { 
        double totalRevenue = 0.0;
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.size(); i++) {
            totalRevenue += commodities[i].salesRevenue;
        }
        double totalValue = 0.0;
        for (int i = 0; i < currencies.size(); i++) {
            totalValue += currencies[i].value * currencies[i].quantity;
        }
        return totalRevenue == totalValue;
    }

    void displayStockInterface(int password) {
        if (password != this->password) {
            cout << "密码错误！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        displayStock();
    }
};

int main() {
    Commodity c1(1, "啤酒", 3.5, 10, 10);
    Commodity c2(2, "玩具", 5.0, 10, 10);
    Commodity c3(3, "糖果", 8.0, 10, 10);
    Commodity c4(4, "巧克力吧", 11.0, 20, 10);
    vector<Commodity> commodities = {c1, c2, c3,c4};

    Currency u1(1, 10);
    Currency u2(2, 10);
    Currency u3(5, 10);
    Currency u4(7, 10);
    vector<Currency> currencies = {u1, u2, u3,u4};
    Account account(123456, 0.0);
    VendingMachine vm(commodities, currencies, account, 1234);
    vm.displayMenu();

    int code;
    double money;
    cout << "请输入商品代码：" << endl;
    cin >> code;
    if (!vm.checkCommodity(code)) {
        cout << "商品不存在，请重新选择！" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    if (!vm.checkStock(code)) {
        cout << "商品已售完，请选择其他商品！" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    cout << "请输入金额：" << endl;
    cin >> money;
    vm.buyCommodity(code, money);
    vm.displaySales();
    vm.displayStock();
    int password;
    cout << "请输入管理员密码：" << endl;
    cin >> password;
    vm.displaySalesInterface(password);
    cout << "请输入管理员密码：" << endl;
    cin >> password;
    vm.displayStockInterface(password);

    return 0;
}