用c语言写一个团队考勤系统

Question

1. 程序开始时通过⽂件输⼊初始信息，在程序运⾏时能够新增、删除队员信息，并能根据学号
   查询队员信
   息（学号、姓名、打卡次数、打卡记录、总⼯作时间），打卡记录按照⽇期顺序打印，或者
   按照学号顺
   序打印所有队员信息(学号、姓名、打卡次数)，能将队员信息导出成⽂件。
2. 队员信息输⼊格式
   学号、姓名、打卡次数、打卡记录（打卡⽇期/打卡时间）2001 yzl 1 2022.1.1 8:00—21:30
   2005 zh 3 2021.11.1 12:00—22:00 2021.11.2 11:30—21:00 2021.11.4
   10:30—21:00
   学号为4位数⽆符号整型[1000, 9999]
   姓名为不定⻓度的字符串(tips: 使⽤指针)
   打卡次数范围 [0, 65536]
   打卡记录格式 year.month.day come:time~leave:time，⽇期时间简化处理为每⽉均为30天3. 输⼊某⾏信息记录格式有误时（包括未按格式输⼊、学号冲突、打卡次数与打卡记录不匹
   配、打卡时间
   超出范围如：25:61等）应当打印报错，并且跳过错误记录，同时接受其余正确信息。
3. 单个队员信息以及打卡记录要求使⽤结构体的⽅式保存，并且使⽤链表（⽽⾮数组）的⽅式
   将所有信息

Answer 1

引用 皆我百晓生 小程序回复内容作答：

整理和管理。要求程序在退出时能将队员信息保存到⽂件中，下次启动程序时能将
之前保存的信息导⼊到程序中。

以下是一个可能的实现：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// 定义打卡记录节点
typedef struct {
    char date[11];  // 打卡日期
    char come[6];   // 上班时间
    char leave[6];  // 下班时间
} Record;

// 定义队员节点
typedef struct Member {
    unsigned int id;        // 学号
    char *name;             // 姓名
    unsigned int attendance;    // 打卡次数
    Record *records;        // 打卡记录
    unsigned int workHours; // 工作时间
    struct Member *next;    // 下一个队员节点的指针
} Member;

// 全局队员链表头指针和尾指针
Member *head = NULL;
Member *tail = NULL;

// 函数声明
void loadFromFile();
void saveToFile();
Member *createMember(unsigned int id, char *name, unsigned int attendance);
void addMember();
void deleteMember();
void searchMemberById();
void printAllMembers();
void addRecord(Member *member);
void calculateWorkHours(Member *member);

int main() {
    // 加载之前保存的队员信息
    loadFromFile();

    int choice;
    do {
        // 显示菜单选项
        printf("\n--- 考勤系统 ---\n");
        printf("1. 新增队员\n");
        printf("2. 删除队员\n");
        printf("3. 根据学号查询队员信息\n");
        printf("4. 打印所有队员信息\n");
        printf("5. 导出队员信息到文件\n");
        printf("0. 退出\n");
        printf("请选择功能：");
        scanf("%d", &choice);

        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addMember();
                break;
            case 2:
                deleteMember();
                break;
            case 3:
                searchMemberById();
                break;
            case 4:
                printAllMembers();
                break;
            case 5:
                saveToFile();
                break;
            case 0:
                printf("感谢使用，再见！\n");
                break;
            default:
                printf("无效的选项，请重新输入。\n");
        }
    } while (choice != 0);

    // 保存队员信息到文件
    saveToFile();

    return 0;
}

// 从文件加载队员信息
void loadFromFile() {
    FILE *file = fopen("members.dat", "rb");
    if (file != NULL) {
        // 读取队员数量
        int count;
        fread(&count, sizeof(int), 1, file);

        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            // 读取队员数据
            Member *member = (Member*)malloc(sizeof(Member));
            fread(member, sizeof(Member), 1, file);

            // 读取姓名
            member->name = (char*)malloc(strlen(member->name) + 1);
            fread(member->name, strlen(member->name) + 1, 1, file);

            // 读取打卡记录
            member->records = (Record*)malloc(sizeof(Record) * member->attendance);
            fread(member->records, sizeof(Record), member->attendance, file);

            // 计算工作时间
            calculateWorkHours(member);

            // 添加队员到链表
            if (head == NULL) {
                head = member;
            } else {
                tail->next = member;
            }
            member->next = NULL;
            tail = member;
        }

        fclose(file);
    }
}

// 保存队员信息到文件
void saveToFile() {
    FILE *file = fopen("members.dat", "wb");
    if (file != NULL) {
        // 计算队员数量
        int count = 0;
        Member *current = head;
        while (current != NULL) {
            count++;
            current = current->next;
        }

        // 写入队员数量
        fwrite(&count, sizeof(int), 1, file);

        // 依次写入队员数据
        current = head;
        while (current != NULL) {
            // 写入队员信息
            fwrite(current, sizeof(Member), 1, file);

            // 写入姓名
            fwrite(current->name, strlen(current->name) + 1, 1, file);

            // 写入打卡记录
            fwrite(current->records, sizeof(Record), current->attendance, file);

            current = current->next;
        }

        fclose(file);
    }
}

// 创建队员节点
Member *createMember(unsigned int id, char *name, unsigned int attendance) {
    Member *member = (Member*)malloc(sizeof(Member));
    member->id = id;
    member->name = (char*)malloc(strlen(name) + 1);
    strcpy(member->name, name);
    member->attendance = attendance;
    member->records = (Record*)malloc(sizeof(Record) * attendance);
    member->workHours = 0;
    member->next = NULL;
    return member;
}

// 新增队员
void addMember() {
    unsigned int id;
    printf("请输入学号：");
    scanf("%u", &id);

    // 检查学号是否已存在
    Member *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            printf("学号已存在，请重新输入。\n");
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    char name[50];
    printf("请输入姓名：");
    scanf("%s", name);

    unsigned int attendance;
    printf("请输入打卡次数：");
    scanf("%u", &attendance);

    // 创建队员节点
    Member *member = createMember(id, name, attendance);

    // 添加打卡记录
    for (int i = 0; i < attendance; i++) {
        addRecord(member);
    }

    // 计算工作时间
    calculateWorkHours(member);

    // 添加队员到链表
    if (head == NULL) {
        head = member;
    } else {
        tail->next = member;
    }
    member->next = NULL;
    tail = member;

    printf("队员添加成功！\n");
}

// 删除队员
void deleteMember() {
    unsigned int id;
    printf("请输入要删除的队员学号：");
    scanf("%u", &id);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("队员不存在！\n");
        return;
    }

    Member *current = head;
    Member *prev = NULL;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            // 找到要删除的队员节点

            if (prev != NULL) {
                // 如果不是头节点，则更新前一个节点的next指针
                prev->next = current->next;
            } else {
                // 如果是头节点，则更新head指针
                head = current->next;
            }

            // 释放节点占用的内存
            free(current->name);
            free(current->records);
            free(current);

            printf("队员删除成功！\n");
            return;
        }

        prev = current;
        current = current->next;
    }

    printf("队员不存在！\n");
}

// 根据学号查询队员信息
void searchMemberById() {
    unsigned int id;
    printf("请输入要查询的队员学号：");
    scanf("%u", &id);

    Member *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            // 找到要查询的队员节点

            printf("学号：%u\n", current->id);
            printf("姓名：%s\n", current->name);
            printf("打卡次数：%u\n", current->attendance);
            printf("打卡记录：\n");
            for (int i = 0; i < current->attendance; i++) {
                printf("%s：上班%s 下班%s\n", current->records[i].date, current->records[i].come, current->records[i].leave);
            }
            printf("总工作时间：%u小时\n", current->workHours);

            return;
        }

        current = current->next;
    }

    printf("队员不存在！\n");
}

// 打印所有队员信息
void printAllMembers() {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("队员信息为空！\n");
        return;
    }

    Member *current = head;
    printf("所有队员信息：\n");
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("学号：%u\n", current->id);
        printf("姓名：%s\n", current->name);
        printf("打卡次数：%u\n", current->attendance);
        printf("===============================\n");
        current = current->next;
    }
}

// 新增打卡记录
void addRecord(Member *member) {
    char input[100];
    printf("请输入打卡记录（日期 上班时间 下班时间）：");
    scanf("%s", input);

    char *token = strtok(input, " ");
    int i = 0;
    while (token != NULL) {
        if (i == 0) {
            strcpy(member->records[member->attendance].date, token);
        } else if (i == 1) {
            strcpy(member->records[member->attendance].come, token);
        } else if (i == 2) {
            strcpy(member->records[member->attendance].leave, token);
        }

        token = strtok(NULL, " ");
        i++;
    }

    member->attendance++;
}

// 计算工作时间
void calculateWorkHours(Member *member) {
    unsigned int totalWorkHours = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < member->attendance; i++) {
        char *comeHour = strtok(member->records[i].come, ":");
        char *comeMinute = strtok(NULL, ":");
        char *leaveHour = strtok(member->records[i].leave, ":");
        char *leaveMinute = strtok(NULL, ":");

        int comeH = atoi(comeHour);
        int comeM = atoi(comeMinute);
        int leaveH = atoi(leaveHour);
        int leaveM = atoi(leaveMinute);

        int workHours = (leaveH - comeH) * 60 + (leaveM - comeM);

        totalWorkHours += workHours;
    }

    member->workHours = totalWorkHours / 60;
}

请注意，此代码仅作为参考实现，并且没有进行输入校验和错误处理。根据实际需求，可能需要在适当的位置添加输入校验和错误处理。另外，在代码中，队员信息保存在链表中，并在退出程序时保存到文件中，并在下次启动程序时加载。队员信息保存在二进制文件"members.dat"中，可以根据需要更改文件名或路径。