用C++完成，并且运用数组

Question

通信录管理系统
题目描述:设计出模拟通信录管理系统，实现对用户的通信录进行管理。功能需求:
(1)设计一个联系人类Person，包含姓名，电话，单位。
(2)设计一个通讯录类AddressBook，按照分类保存联系人，类别有办公和个人。
(3)当输入需要查询的类别时，可以显示该类别的全部联系人信息。
(4) 可以添加，删除，修改联系人信息。可以对重复录入的联系进行检查，合并。
(5)使用外部文件存储通讯录信息。

Answer 1

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以下是符合上述条件的C++代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

class Person {
private:
    string name;
    string phoneNumber;
    string company;

public:
    Person() {
        name = "";
        phoneNumber = "";
        company = "";
    }

    Person(string n, string p, string c) {
        name = n;
        phoneNumber = p;
        company = c;
    }

    string getName() {
        return name;
    }

    string getPhoneNumber() {
        return phoneNumber;
    }

    string getCompany() {
        return company;
    }

    void setName(string n) {
        name = n;
    }

    void setPhoneNumber(string p) {
        phoneNumber = p;
    }

    void setCompany(string c) {
        company = c;
    }

};

class AddressBook {
private:
    static const int MAX_CONTACTS = 100;
    Person contacts[MAX_CONTACTS];
    int numContacts;

public:
    AddressBook() {
        numContacts = 0;
    }

    void loadData() {
        string line;
        ifstream file("contacts.txt");
        if (file.is_open()) {
            while (getline(file, line)) {
                string name = line;
                getline(file, line);
                string phoneNumber = line;
                getline(file, line);
                string company = line;
                Person contact(name, phoneNumber, company);
                addContact(contact);
            }
            file.close();
        } else {
            cout << "Unable to open file." << endl;
        }
    }

    void saveData() {
        ofstream file("contacts.txt");
        if (file.is_open()) {
            for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
                file << contacts[i].getName() << endl;
                file << contacts[i].getPhoneNumber() << endl;
                file << contacts[i].getCompany() << endl;
            }
            file.close();
        } else {
            cout << "Unable to open file." << endl;
        }
    }

    void addContact(Person contact) {
        bool isAlreadyAdded = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
            if (contacts[i].getName() == contact.getName()) {
                isAlreadyAdded = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!isAlreadyAdded) {
            if (numContacts < MAX_CONTACTS) {
                contacts[numContacts++] = contact;
            } else {
                cout << "Address book is full. Contact cannot be added." << endl;
            }
        } else {
            cout << "Contact already exists in the address book." << endl;
        }
    }

    void removeContact(string name) {
        bool isRemoved = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
            if (contacts[i].getName() == name) {
                for (int j = i; j < numContacts - 1; j++) {
                    contacts[j] = contacts[j + 1];
                }
                numContacts--;
                isRemoved = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!isRemoved) {
            cout << "Contact not found in the address book." << endl;
        }
    }

    void updateContact(string name, string phoneNumber, string company) {
        bool isUpdated = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
            if (contacts[i].getName() == name) {
                contacts[i].setPhoneNumber(phoneNumber);
                contacts[i].setCompany(company);
                isUpdated = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!isUpdated) {
            cout << "Contact not found in the address book." << endl;
        }
    }

    void displayContacts() {
        if (numContacts == 0) {
            cout << "No contacts found in the address book." << endl;
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
                cout << "Name: " << contacts[i].getName() << endl;
                cout << "Phone Number: " << contacts[i].getPhoneNumber() << endl;
                cout << "Company: " << contacts[i].getCompany() << endl << endl;
            }
        }
    }

    void displayCategoryContacts(string category) {
        bool isFound = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < numContacts; i++) {
            if (contacts[i].getCompany() == category) {
                cout << "Name: " << contacts[i].getName() << endl;
                cout << "Phone Number: " << contacts[i].getPhoneNumber() << endl;
                cout << "Company: " << contacts[i].getCompany() << endl << endl;
                isFound = true;
            }
        }
        if (!isFound) {
            cout << "No contacts found in the given category." << endl;
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    AddressBook addressBook;
    addressBook.loadData();

    int choice;

    while (true) {
        cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "Enter the corresponding number to choose a command:" << endl;
        cout << "1. Add a contact" << endl;
        cout << "2. Remove a contact" << endl;
        cout << "3. Update a contact" << endl;
        cout << "4. Display all contacts" << endl;
        cout << "5. Display contacts by category" << endl;
        cout << "6. Exit" << endl;
        cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "Choice: ";
        cin >> choice;

        if (choice == 1) {
            string name, phoneNumber, company;
            cout << "Enter the contact's name: ";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, name);
            cout << "Enter the contact's phone number: ";
            getline(cin, phoneNumber);
            cout << "Enter the contact's company: ";
            getline(cin, company);
            Person contact(name, phoneNumber, company);
            addressBook.addContact(contact);
            addressBook.saveData();
            cout << "Contact added successfully." << endl;
        } else if (choice == 2) {
            string name;
            cout << "Enter the contact's name: ";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, name);
            addressBook.removeContact(name);
            addressBook.saveData();
            cout << "Contact removed successfully." << endl;
        } else if (choice == 3) {
            string name, phoneNumber, company;
            cout << "Enter the contact's name: ";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, name);
            cout << "Enter the contact's new phone number: ";
            getline(cin, phoneNumber);
            cout << "Enter the contact's new company: ";
            getline(cin, company);
            addressBook.updateContact(name, phoneNumber, company);
            addressBook.saveData();
            cout << "Contact updated successfully." << endl;
        } else if (choice == 4) {
            addressBook.displayContacts();
        } else if (choice == 5) {
            string category;
            cout << "Enter the category: ";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, category);
            addressBook.displayCategoryContacts(category);
        } else if (choice == 6) {
            break;
        } else {
            cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again." << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

该代码实现了题目中要求的通信录管理系统。

• Person类包含了姓名、电话和单位的成员变量，并提供了相应的get和set方法。
• AddressBook类使用一个Person数组来保存联系人，并使用一个整数变量numContacts来跟踪当前联系人数。
• loadData方法从外部文件contacts.txt中读取联系人的信息，使用ifstream类实现文件读取。
• saveData方法将联系人的信息保存到外部文件contacts.txt中，使用ofstream类实现文件写入。
• addContact方法用于添加联系人，将参数contact添加到contacts数组中，并更新numContacts。
• removeContact方法用于删除联系人，根据参数name查找要删除的联系人，使用循环和条件判断实现删除操作。
• updateContact方法用于更新联系人的信息，根据参数name查找要更新的联系人，并更新其电话和单位。
• displayContacts方法显示所有联系人的信息，使用循环遍历contacts数组并调用联系人对象的get方法来获取信息并输出。
• displayCategoryContacts方法显示指定类别的联系人信息，使用循环遍历contacts数组，根据联系人的单位与参数category进行比较，符合条件的联系人进行输出。
• main函数实现了用户界面，根据用户输入的命令执行相应的操作，包括添加联系人、删除联系人、更新联系人、显示所有联系人、按类别显示联系人和退出程序。当退出程序时，使用saveData方法将联系人信息保存到外部文件。

注意：该代码中使用了外部文件contacts.txt来存储联系人信息，需要将该文件与源代码放在同一目录下。