如何运用C语言实现以下功能

Question

运用C语言中基本知识，顺序结构、选择结构、循环结构、数组、函数、指针，对学生基本信息，包括学号、至少三门课成绩完成如下操作：
学生基本信息录入；
学生基本信息的输出；
按学号查询学生信息；
按学号修改某学生信息并输出；
求每个人平均成绩；
删除某学生信息；
添加某学生信息
输出平均分大于80分的同学信息。
2、要求
① 学生成绩存储在数组中；
② 部分功能要用函数实现；
④ 程序能正确执行，输入与输出有必要的提示信息；
⑤ 有能力的同学可以设计功能菜单。
3、结果输出要求界面直观、格式规

Answer 1

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为了解决上述问题，我们可以构建一个C语言程序，该程序将使用数组和结构体来存储学生信息，并通过函数实现各种操作。下面是一个可能的实现方案：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_STUDENTS 100 // 最大可存储的学生数

// 定义学生结构体
typedef struct {
    char studentID[10];
    float scores[3];
} Student;

Student students[MAX_STUDENTS]; // 存储学生数据的数组
int numStudents = 0; // 当前学生的数量

// 函数声明
void addStudent();
void printAllStudents();
void searchStudentByID(char *id);
void modifyStudentByID(char *id);
float calculateAverage(Student s);
void deleteStudentByID(char *id);
void printStudentsWithAverageAbove80();

int main() {
    int choice;
    
    do {
        printf("\n\nMenu:\n");
        printf("1. Add a student\n");
        printf("2. Print all students' information\n");
        printf("3. Search for a student by ID\n");
        printf("4. Modify a student's information by ID\n");
        printf("5. Calculate average score of each student\n");
        printf("6. Delete a student by ID\n");
        printf("7. Print students with average above 80\n");
        printf("8. Exit\n");
        
        printf("Enter your choice: ");
        scanf("%d", &choice);
        
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addStudent();
                break;
            case 2:
                printAllStudents();
                break;
            case 3:
                char id[10];
                printf("Enter the student ID to search: ");
                scanf("%s", id);
                searchStudentByID(id);
                break;
            case 4:
                printf("Enter the student ID to modify: ");
                scanf("%s", id);
                modifyStudentByID(id);
                break;
            case 5:
                for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
                    printf("Average score of %s is %.2f\n", students[i].studentID, calculateAverage(students[i]));
                }
                break;
            case 6:
                printf("Enter the student ID to delete: ");
                scanf("%s", id);
                deleteStudentByID(id);
                break;
            case 7:
                printStudentsWithAverageAbove80();
                break;
            case 8:
                printf("Exiting...\n");
                break;
            default:
                printf("Invalid choice! Please try again.\n");
        }
    } while (choice != 8);
    
    return 0;
}

void addStudent() {
    if (numStudents >= MAX_STUDENTS) {
        printf("Maximum number of students reached!\n");
        return;
    }
    
    printf("Enter student ID: ");
    scanf("%s", students[numStudents].studentID);
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        printf("Enter score %d: ", i + 1);
        scanf("%f", &students[numStudents].scores[i]);
    }
    
    numStudents++;
    printf("Student added successfully!\n");
}

void printAllStudents() {
    for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
        printf("Student ID: %s\n", students[i].studentID);
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
            printf("Score %d: %.2f\n", j + 1, students[i].scores[j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

void searchStudentByID(char *id) {
    int found = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].studentID, id) == 0) {
            printf("Found student:\n");
            printf("Student ID: %s\n", students[i].studentID);
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                printf("Score %d: %.2f\n", j + 1, students[i].scores[j]);
            }
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        printf("Student not found!\n");
    }
}

void modifyStudentByID(char *id) {
    int found = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].studentID, id) == 0) {
            printf("Enter new scores:\n");
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                printf("Score %d: ", j + 1);
                scanf("%f", &students[i].scores[j]);
            }
            printf("Student information updated successfully!\n");
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        printf("Student not found!\n");
    }
}

float calculateAverage(Student s) {
    float sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        sum += s.scores[i];
    }
    return sum / 3;
}

void deleteStudentByID(char *id) {
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].studentID, id) == 0) {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (index != -1) {
        for (int i = index; i < numStudents - 1; i++) {
            students[i] = students[i + 1];
        }
        numStudents--;
        printf("Student deleted successfully!\n");
    } else {
        printf("Student not found!\n");
    }
}

void printStudentsWithAverageAbove80() {
    for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) {
        if (calculateAverage(students[i]) > 80) {
            printf("Student ID: %s\n", students[i].studentID);
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                printf("Score %d: %.2f\n", j + 1, students[i].scores[j]);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
}

这段代码定义了一个Student结构体，用于存储学生的学号和成绩。它还包含了几个函数，用于执行题目中要求的各种操作。例如，addStudent()用于添加学生信息，printAllStudents()用于打印所有学生的信息，而searchStudentByID()则根据学号搜索特定的学生信息。其他函数也相应地实现了题目的要求。这个程序还包括了一个主菜单，用户可以根据菜单选项进行不同的操作。