ASP.NET Core WEB API (Cntroller Api) 注册服务抛出错误

Question

ASP.NET Core WEB API (Cntroller Api) 注册服务抛出错误

异常信息如下：

Unhandled exception. System.AggregateException: Some services are not able to be constructed 
(Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter'.) 
(Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToInventoryConverter Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToInventoryConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.InventoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToInventoryConverter'.) 
(Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToTaskAffairConverter Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToTaskAffairConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToTaskAffairConverter'.)
 (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.CategoryNameToGuidConverter Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.CategoryNameToGuidConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.CategoryNameToGuidConverter'.) 
(Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: AutoMapper.ITypeConverter`2[TaskManangerSystem.Services.Info.CategoryForAddOrUpdate,TaskManangerSystem.Models.Category] Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter'.) 
(Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: AutoMapper.ITypeConverter`2[TaskManangerSystem.Services.Info.InventoryForAddOrUpdate,TaskManangerSystem.Models.InventoryInfo] Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToInventoryConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.InventoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToInventoryConverter'.)
 (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: AutoMapper.ITypeConverter`2[TaskManangerSystem.Services.Info.TaskAffairForAdd,TaskManangerSystem.Models.TaskAffair] Lifetime: Transient ImplementationType: TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToTaskAffairConverter': Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToTaskAffairConverter'.)

补充截图：

功能预期是添加一组基于泛型仓储的服务，

我的项目内提供了如下结构的代码：

namespace IRepository{
public interface IRepository<TSource>{}
public interface IRepositoryAsync<TSource>{}

public interface IIncludeRepository<TSource>{}
public interface IIncludeRepositoryAsync<TSource>{}
}


namespace RepositoryAbstract{
public  class Repository<TSource>(DbContext storage) : IRepository<TSource> {}
public  class RepositoryAsync<TSource>(DbContext storage) : IRepositoryAsync<TSource> {}

public  class IncludeRepository<TSource>(DbContext storage, Expression<Func<TSource, object?>>[] attribute) : IIncludeRepository<TSource> {}
public  class IncludeRepositoryAsync<TSource>(DbContext storage, Expression<Func<TSource, object?>>[] attribute) : IIncludeRepositoryAsync<TSource> {}
}


namespace RepositoryRealize{
  public class EmployeeRepository(ManagementSystemContext storage) : Repository<Employee>(storage){}
  public class EmployeeRepositoryAsync(ManagementSystemContext storage) : RepositoryAsync<Employee>(storage){}

//以及其他同格式实现的仓储类
public class TaskAffairRepository(ManagementSystemContext storage) : IncludeRepository<TaskAffair>(storage, DelegateExpressionTree.task){}
public class TaskAffairRepositoryAsync(ManagementSystemContext storage) : IncludeRepositoryAsync<TaskAffair>(storage, DelegateExpressionTree.task){}
}

注册服务的代码如下：

builder
    .ConditionalCheck(e => e.Environment.IsDevelopment(), e => e.Services.AddSwaggerGen(), e => e.Services)
    .AddDbContext<ManagementSystemContext>(p => p.UseMySQL(SystemInfo.DB_LINK))
    .AddSingleton<IAuthorizationHandler, AuthHandler>()
    .AddAutoMapper(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly())
    .AddSingleton<BearerBuilder>()

    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<EmployeeAccountForLoginOrAdd, Employee>, ToEmployeeConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<CategoryForAddOrUpdate, Category>, ToCategoryConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<InventoryForAddOrUpdate, InventoryInfo>, ToInventoryConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<TaskAffairForAdd, TaskAffair>, ToTaskAffairConverter>()
 
    .AddTransient(typeof(IRepositoryAsync<>), typeof(RepositoryAsync<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IRepository<>), typeof(Repository<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IIncludeRepositoryAsync<>), typeof(IncludeRepositoryAsync<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IIncludeRepository<>), typeof(IncludeRepository<>))
    .AddTransient<IRepositoryAsync<Employee>, EmployeeRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<Category>, CategoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<InventoryInfo>, InventoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<Customer>, CustomerRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<TaskAffair>, TaskAffairRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IRepository<Employee>, EmployeeRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<InventoryInfo>, InventoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<Category>, CategoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<Customer>, CustomerRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<TaskAffair>, TaskAffairRepository>()

AutoMapper 的转换器代码：

public class ToInventoryConverter(InventoryRepository IRA, CategoryRepository CRA) : ITypeConverter<InventoryForAddOrUpdate, InventoryInfo>{}

//其他命名规则一致，也都有不同的服务需要使用

这是什么问题

• 是泛型仓储那部分注册失败引发的吗？
• 还是后面一大串都是注册失败的？
• 该怎么解决？
• 需要提供更多代码吗？

Answer 1

该回答引用自GPT-deepseek, 由博主 GISer Liu 编写：

问题分析

根据异常信息和代码分析，问题主要出在服务注册阶段。具体来说，异常信息表明在尝试激活某些服务时，无法解析依赖的服务类型。例如：

Unable to resolve service for type 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Repository.CategoryRepository' while attempting to activate 'TaskManangerSystem.Services.Mapper.ToCategoryConverter'.

这表明在激活 ToCategoryConverter 时，无法解析 CategoryRepository 服务。类似的问题也出现在其他服务上。

问题定位

1. 服务注册不完整：在注册服务时，可能缺少某些必要的依赖服务注册。
2. 依赖注入配置错误：在配置依赖注入时，可能存在错误的依赖关系或未正确注册依赖服务。

解决方案

1. 确保所有依赖服务已注册

首先，确保所有依赖的服务都已正确注册。根据异常信息，需要检查并确保 CategoryRepository, InventoryRepository 等服务已注册。

2. 修改服务注册代码

在注册服务时，确保所有依赖的服务都已注册。以下是修改后的服务注册代码示例：

builder
    .ConditionalCheck(e => e.Environment.IsDevelopment(), e => e.Services.AddSwaggerGen(), e => e.Services)
    .AddDbContext<ManagementSystemContext>(p => p.UseMySQL(SystemInfo.DB_LINK))
    .AddSingleton<IAuthorizationHandler, AuthHandler>()
    .AddAutoMapper(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly())
    .AddSingleton<BearerBuilder>()

    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<EmployeeAccountForLoginOrAdd, Employee>, ToEmployeeConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<CategoryForAddOrUpdate, Category>, ToCategoryConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<InventoryForAddOrUpdate, InventoryInfo>, ToInventoryConverter>()
    .AddTransient<ITypeConverter<TaskAffairForAdd, TaskAffair>, ToTaskAffairConverter>()

    .AddTransient(typeof(IRepositoryAsync<>), typeof(RepositoryAsync<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IRepository<>), typeof(Repository<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IIncludeRepositoryAsync<>), typeof(IncludeRepositoryAsync<>))
    .AddTransient(typeof(IIncludeRepository<>), typeof(IncludeRepository<>))
    .AddTransient<IRepositoryAsync<Employee>, EmployeeRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<Category>, CategoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<InventoryInfo>, InventoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<Customer>, CustomerRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepositoryAsync<TaskAffair>, TaskAffairRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<IRepository<Employee>, EmployeeRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<InventoryInfo>, InventoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<Category>, CategoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<Customer>, CustomerRepository>()
    .AddTransient<IIncludeRepository<TaskAffair>, TaskAffairRepository>()

    // 添加缺失的依赖服务注册
    .AddTransient<CategoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<InventoryRepository>()
    .AddTransient<TaskAffairRepository>()
    .AddTransient<CategoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<InventoryRepositoryAsync>()
    .AddTransient<TaskAffairRepositoryAsync>();

3. 修改 AutoMapper 转换器代码

确保 AutoMapper 转换器代码中使用的依赖服务已正确注入。以下是修改后的 ToInventoryConverter 代码示例：

public class ToInventoryConverter : ITypeConverter<InventoryForAddOrUpdate, InventoryInfo>
{
    private readonly InventoryRepository _inventoryRepository;
    private readonly CategoryRepository _categoryRepository;

    public ToInventoryConverter(InventoryRepository inventoryRepository, CategoryRepository categoryRepository)
    {
        _inventoryRepository = inventoryRepository;
        _categoryRepository = categoryRepository;
    }

    public InventoryInfo Convert(InventoryForAddOrUpdate source, InventoryInfo destination, ResolutionContext context)
    {
        // 转换逻辑
    }
}

总结

通过确保所有依赖服务已正确注册，并修改服务注册代码和 AutoMapper 转换器代码，可以解决服务注册抛出错误的问题。如果问题仍然存在，请检查其他相关代码，确保所有依赖关系和注入配置正确无误。

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