第一个spring程序入门中创建配置文件报错，如何解决？(语言-java)

Question

运行时问题：创建配置文件xml报错，如何解决？
1.创建接口TestDao

package dao;

public interface TestDao {
    public void sayHello();
}

2.创建接口TestDao的实现类TestDaoImpl

package dao;

public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao {

    @Override
    public void sayHello() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("Hello, Study hard!");
    }

}

3.创建配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmins="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmins:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">
    <!-- 将指定类TestDaoImpl配置给Spring，让Spring创建其实例 -->
    <bean id="test" class="dao.TestDaoImpl" />
</beans>

4.创建测试类

package test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import dao.TestDao;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //初始化Spring容器ApplicationContext，加载配置文件
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        ApplicationContext appCon = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //通过容器获取test实例
        TestDao tt = (TestDao)appCon.getBean("test");//test为配置文件中的id
        tt.sayHello();
    }
}

运行Test测试类时报错内容如下：

9月 11, 2024 9:33:41 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@47ef968d: startup date [Wed Sep 11 09:33:41 CST 2024]; root of context hierarchy
9月 11, 2024 9:33:41 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 5 in XML document from class path resource [applicationContext.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 5; columnNumber: 75; 与元素类型 "beans" 相关联的属性 "xmins:xsi" 的前缀 "xmins" 未绑定。
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:398)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:335)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:258)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:128)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:94)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:620)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:521)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:144)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:85)
    at test.Test.main(Test.java:9)
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 5; columnNumber: 75; 与元素类型 "beans" 相关联的属性 "xmins:xsi" 的前缀 "xmins" 未绑定。
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:204)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:178)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:400)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:327)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:284)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:310)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:615)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3079)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:836)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:605)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:114)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:542)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:889)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:825)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:247)
    at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:342)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:77)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadDocument(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:428)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390)
    ... 14 more

Answer 1

报错解释：

这个错误通常表明在Spring的配置文件中，beans元素的命名空间声明中使用了不正确的前缀。在XML中，xmlns:xsi用于指定XML Schema实例的命名空间，而xsi:schemaLocation属性用于指定具体的schema文件位置。报错提示xmins:xsi前缀不正确，可能是因为在编写配置文件时将xmlns:xsi错误地写作了xmins:xsi，或者前缀没有正确绑定到相应的命名空间上。

解决方法：

检查Spring配置文件中的beans元素声明，确保xmlns:xsi和xsi:schemaLocation的写法正确。

xmlns:xsi应该是这样的写法：xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation应该是这样的写法：xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans ..."

例如，正确的配置应该像这样：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- 配置内容 -->
</beans>

确保beans元素中的xmlns、xmlns:xsi和xsi:schemaLocation使用了正确的命名空间和URL。如果前缀已经定义，确保在使用该属性时使用了正确的前缀。如果前缀未定义或者定义错误，需要进行更正。