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解决方案一:检测脉冲个数
PWM.c (负责产生PWM信号)
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
TIM_HandleTypeDef htim_pwm;
void PWM_Init(void) {
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
// 配置PA0作为PWM输出
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_TIM2;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
// 初始化TIM2
htim_pwm.Instance = TIM2;
htim_pwm.Init.Prescaler = 84 - 1; // 假设系统时钟为72MHz,得到1MHz的计数频率
htim_pwm.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
htim_pwm.Init.Period = 999; // 这里设定PWM周期
htim_pwm.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
if (HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&htim_pwm) != HAL_OK) {
Error_Handler();
}
sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigMasterSlaveMode(&htim_pwm, &sMasterConfig);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim_pwm, TIM_CHANNEL_1); // 开始PWM
}
void PWM_Deinit(void) {
HAL_TIM_PWM_Stop(&htim_pwm, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIM_PWM_DeInit(&htim_pwm);
}
IC.c (负责检测脉冲并计数)
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
TIM_HandleTypeDef htim_pulse;
volatile uint8_t pulse_count = 0;
void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim) {
if (htim == &htim_pulse && htim->Instance == TIM3) {
pulse_count++; // 每检测到一次上升沿,脉冲计数加1
if (pulse_count > 9) { // 控制计数在0-9范围内
pulse_count = 0;
}
}
}
void PulseCounter_Init(void) {
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
TIM_IC_InitTypeDef sConfigIC = {0};
// 配置PA6作为TIM3的输入捕获
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
// 初始化TIM3
htim_pulse.Instance = TIM3;
htim_pulse.Init.Prescaler = 84 - 1; // 同样使用1MHz计数频率
htim_pulse.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
htim_pulse.Init.Period = 9999; // 较大的周期以防止溢出
htim_pulse.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
if (HAL_TIM_IC_Init(&htim_pulse) != HAL_OK) {
Error_Handler();
}
sConfigIC.ICPolarity = TIM_ICPOLARITY_RISING; // 只检测上升沿
sConfigIC.ICSelection = TIM_ICSELECTION_DIRECTTI;
sConfigIC.ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
sConfigIC.ICFilter = 0;
HAL_TIM_IC_ConfigChannel(&htim_pulse, &sConfigIC, TIM_CHANNEL_1); // 使用CH1
HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim_pulse, TIM_CHANNEL_1); // 开启中断
}
void PulseCounter_Deinit(void) {
HAL_TIM_IC_Stop_IT(&htim_pulse, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIM_IC_DeInit(&htim_pulse);
}
解决方案二:串口通讯
在STM32项目中,你需要创建一个新的C文件,比如SerialCom.c
,并且在对应的头文件SerialCom.h
中声明相关函数。这里仅提供关键的初始化和接收处理部分:
SerialCom.c
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
#include "SerialCom.h"
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
void SerialCom_Init(void) {
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
UART_HandleTypeDef huart;
// 配置USART1的GPIO
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9 | GPIO_PIN_10; // TX, RX
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
// 配置USART1
huart.Instance = USART1;
huart.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK) {
Error_Handler();
}
}
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) {
if (huart == &huart1) {
uint8_t received_data = huart->Instance->DR; // 获取接收到的数据
if(received_data >= '0' && received_data <= '9') {
// 处理接收到的数字,例如打印或控制其他功能
printf("Received: %c\n", received_data);
}
}
}
SerialCom.h
#ifndef SERIALCOM_H
#define SERIALCOM_H
void SerialCom_Init(void);
#endif /* SERIALCOM_H */
注意:在实际应用中,你需要确保包含这些文件到你的工程中,并且正确配置STM32CubeMX生成的启动文件和系统时钟配置。此外,串口通信中的中断处理函数HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback
是示例性的,实际应用中可能需要更复杂的逻辑来处理数据。关于电脑端的串口通讯软件,常见的有PuTTY、SecureCRT等,用户可以通过这些软件设置相应的波特率与单片机通讯,无需额外下载软件除这些串口调试工具外。