如何在PHP中编写接口测试

Question

If I'm writing an interface I usually specify the behavior the implementations should expose. For ensuring this behavior one should write tests against this interface. How do I best write and organize those tests in a way, that they can easily be used by writers of implementations to ensure their implementations meet the requirements? Is some way of extending (writing subclasses) the interfaces tests the way to go or do I implements some design-pattern like factory?

Answer 1

You could create an abstract class with some basic tests of interface contracts.

Consider following example:

interface FactorialComputer {
    public function compute($input);
}

class RecursiveFactorialComputer implements FactorialComputer  {
    public function compute($input) {
        if ($input < 0) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(...);
        }

        if ($input == 0 || $input == 1) {
            return 1;
        }

        return $input * $this->compute($input - 1);
    }
}

class IterativeFactorialComputer implements FactorialComputer  {
    public function compute($input) {
        $result = 1;

        for ($i = 1; $i <= $input; $i++) {
            $result *= $i;
        }

        return $result;
    }
}

And tests for both implementations:

abstract class AbstractFactorialComputerTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
    /**
     * @var FactorialComputer 
     */
    protected $instance;

    protected abstract function getComputerInstance();

    public function setUp() {
        $this->instance = $this->getComputerInstance;
    }

    /**
     * @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function testExceptionOnInvalidArgument() {
        $this->instance->compute(-1);
    }

    public function testEdgeCases()
    {
        $this->assertEquals(1, $this->instance->compute(0));
        $this->assertEquals(1, $this->instance->compute(1));
    }

    ...
}

class RecursiveFactorialComputerTest extends AbstractFactorialComputerTest
{
    protected abstract function getComputerInstance() {
        return new RecursiveFactorialComputer();
    }

    public function testComputeMethodCallsCount() {
        // get mock and test number of compute() calls
    }
}

class IterativeFactorialComputerTest extends AbstractFactorialComputerTest
{
    protected abstract function getComputerInstance() {
        return new IterativeFactorialComputer();
    }
}

Using this approach every programmer should be capable of creating a complete unit test for interface implementation.