The short answer is that "You can't".
Communication between the browser (where your JS is running) and the server (where the PHP is running) is handled via HTTP. If you want to send a JavaScript object then you have to serialise it to a string and deserialise it at the other end. There is no sane way to represent an HTMLElementNode (or a jQuery object that wraps on) in that process (not least because PHP doesn't usually represent HTML in a DOM and when it does it won't be the same DOM instance as the browser is using).
Usually in this type of situation, you would request some data from PHP (possibly using one of jQuery's ajax methods) and then use JavaScript to turn it into DOM elements and insert it into the document.