制造一个简单前台系统

Question

如何用Java11+Eclipse2019制造一个具有房间管理、人员管理和预订管理简单的酒店前台系统，要详细步骤，关于毕业设计的

Answer 1

下午好🌅🌅🌅
本答案参考通义千问

要使用 Java 11 + Eclipse 2019 制作一个简单的酒店前台系统，包括房间管理、人员管理和预订管理功能，可以按照以下详细步骤进行。这个系统将是一个控制台应用程序（即没有图形界面），适合作为毕业设计的基础项目。

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一、开发环境准备

1. 安装 Java 11

• 下载 OpenJDK 11 或 Oracle JDK 11
• 设置 JAVA_HOME 环境变量
• 验证安装：在命令行输入 java -version

2. 安装 Eclipse 2019 (Eclipse IDE for Java Developers)

• 下载地址：https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/release/2019-03/r/eclipse-jee-2019-03
• 解压并运行 eclipse.exe

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二、创建 Java 项目

1. 新建 Java 项目

• 打开 Eclipse
• File → New → Java Project
• 输入项目名称：如 HotelManagementSystem
• 确保 JRE 使用 Java 11
• 完成

2. 创建包结构

• 右键项目 → New → Package
• 创建如下包：
  • com.hotel.model
  • com.hotel.service
  • com.hotel.ui
  • com.hotel.util

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三、设计系统模块

1. 模型类（Model）

这些是系统的核心数据对象。

1.1 房间类 Room.java

package com.hotel.model;

public class Room {
    private int roomId;
    private String roomType; // 单人间、双人间等
    private double pricePerNight;
    private boolean isAvailable;

    public Room(int roomId, String roomType, double pricePerNight) {
        this.roomId = roomId;
        this.roomType = roomType;
        this.pricePerNight = pricePerNight;
        this.isAvailable = true;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getRoomId() { return roomId; }
    public void setRoomId(int roomId) { this.roomId = roomId; }

    public String getRoomType() { return roomType; }
    public void setRoomType(String roomType) { this.roomType = roomType; }

    public double getPricePerNight() { return pricePerNight; }
    public void setPricePerNight(double pricePerNight) { this.pricePerNight = pricePerNight; }

    public boolean isAvailable() { return isAvailable; }
    public void setAvailable(boolean available) { isAvailable = available; }
}

1.2 人员类 Person.java

package com.hotel.model;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private String idNumber;
    private String phone;

    public Person(String name, String idNumber, String phone) {
        this.name = name;
        this.idNumber = idNumber;
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public String getName() { return name; }
    public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }

    public String getIdNumber() { return idNumber; }
    public void setIdNumber(String idNumber) { this.idNumber = idNumber; }

    public String getPhone() { return phone; }
    public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; }
}

1.3 预订类 Booking.java

package com.hotel.model;

import java.time.LocalDate;

public class Booking {
    private int bookingId;
    private Room room;
    private Person person;
    private LocalDate checkInDate;
    private LocalDate checkOutDate;
    private double totalCost;

    public Booking(int bookingId, Room room, Person person, LocalDate checkInDate, LocalDate checkOutDate) {
        this.bookingId = bookingId;
        this.room = room;
        this.person = person;
        this.checkInDate = checkInDate;
        this.checkOutDate = checkOutDate;
        this.totalCost = calculateTotalCost(room.getPricePerNight(), checkInDate, checkOutDate);
    }

    private double calculateTotalCost(double pricePerNight, LocalDate checkIn, LocalDate checkOut) {
        long days = java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.DAYS.between(checkIn, checkOut);
        return pricePerNight * days;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getBookingId() { return bookingId; }
    public void setBookingId(int bookingId) { this.bookingId = bookingId; }

    public Room getRoom() { return room; }
    public void setRoom(Room room) { this.room = room; }

    public Person getPerson() { return person; }
    public void setPerson(Person person) { this.person = person; }

    public LocalDate getCheckInDate() { return checkInDate; }
    public void setCheckInDate(LocalDate checkInDate) { this.checkInDate = checkInDate; }

    public LocalDate getCheckOutDate() { return checkOutDate; }
    public void setCheckOutDate(LocalDate checkOutDate) { this.checkOutDate = checkOutDate; }

    public double getTotalCost() { return totalCost; }
    public void setTotalCost(double totalCost) { this.totalCost = totalCost; }
}

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四、服务类（Service）

4.1 房间管理类 RoomService.java

package com.hotel.service;

import com.hotel.model.Room;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class RoomService {
    private List<Room> rooms = new ArrayList<>();

    public void addRoom(Room room) {
        rooms.add(room);
    }

    public List<Room> getAllRooms() {
        return rooms;
    }

    public Room findRoomById(int roomId) {
        for (Room room : rooms) {
            if (room.getRoomId() == roomId) {
                return room;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void updateRoomAvailability(int roomId, boolean available) {
        Room room = findRoomById(roomId);
        if (room != null) {
            room.setAvailable(available);
        }
    }
}

4.2 预订管理类 BookingService.java

package com.hotel.service;

import com.hotel.model.Booking;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class BookingService {
    private List<Booking> bookings = new ArrayList<>();

    public void addBooking(Booking booking) {
        bookings.add(booking);
    }

    public List<Booking> getAllBookings() {
        return bookings;
    }

    public Booking findBookingById(int bookingId) {
        for (Booking booking : bookings) {
            if (booking.getBookingId() == bookingId) {
                return booking;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void cancelBooking(int bookingId) {
        bookings.removeIf(b -> b.getBookingId() == bookingId);
    }
}

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五、用户界面（UI）

5.1 主菜单类 MainUI.java

package com.hotel.ui;

import com.hotel.model.Room;
import com.hotel.model.Person;
import com.hotel.model.Booking;
import com.hotel.service.RoomService;
import com.hotel.service.BookingService;

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MainUI {
    private static RoomService roomService = new RoomService();
    private static BookingService bookingService = new BookingService();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        // 初始化一些房间
        roomService.addRoom(new Room(101, "单人间", 200));
        roomService.addRoom(new Room(102, "双人间", 300));

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("\n=== 酒店前台管理系统 ===");
            System.out.println("1. 查看所有房间");
            System.out.println("2. 添加新房间");
            System.out.println("3. 查看所有预订");
            System.out.println("4. 新增预订");
            System.out.println("5. 取消预订");
            System.out.println("6. 退出系统");
            System.out.print("请选择操作: ");
            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            scanner.nextLine(); // 清除缓冲区

            switch (choice) {
                case 1:
                    showAllRooms();
                    break;
                case 2:
                    addNewRoom(scanner);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    showAllBookings();
                    break;
                case 4:
                    addNewBooking(scanner);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    cancelBooking(scanner);
                    break;
                case 6:
                    System.out.println("感谢使用本系统！");
                    return;
                default:
                    System.out.println("无效选项，请重新选择！");
            }
        }
    }

    private static void showAllRooms() {
        System.out.println("\n=== 所有房间信息 ===");
        for (Room room : roomService.getAllRooms()) {
            System.out.println("房间号: " + room.getRoomId() +
                               ", 类型: " + room.getRoomType() +
                               ", 价格: " + room.getPricePerNight() +
                               ", 是否可用: " + room.isAvailable());
        }
    }

    private static void addNewRoom(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.print("请输入房间号: ");
        int roomId = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.print("请输入房间类型: ");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.print("请输入每晚价格: ");
        double price = scanner.nextDouble();
        scanner.nextLine();

        roomService.addRoom(new Room(roomId, type, price));
        System.out.println("房间添加成功！");
    }

    private static void showAllBookings() {
        System.out.println("\n=== 所有预订信息 ===");
        for (Booking booking : bookingService.getAllBookings()) {
            System.out.println("预订号: " + booking.getBookingId() +
                               ", 房间号: " + booking.getRoom().getRoomId() +
                               ", 客人姓名: " + booking.getPerson().getName() +
                               ", 入住日期: " + booking.getCheckInDate() +
                               ", 离店日期: " + booking.getCheckOutDate() +
                               ", 总费用: " + booking.getTotalCost());
        }
    }

    private static void addNewBooking(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.print("请输入客人姓名: ");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.print("请输入身份证号: ");
        String id = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.print("请输入电话号码: ");
        String phone = scanner.nextLine();

        Person person = new Person(name, id, phone);

        System.out.print("请输入房间号: ");
        int roomId = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();

        Room room = roomService.findRoomById(roomId);
        if (room == null || !room.isAvailable()) {
            System.out.println("该房间不可用或不存在！");
            return;
        }

        System.out.print("请输入入住日期 (YYYY-MM-DD): ");
        LocalDate checkIn = LocalDate.parse(scanner.nextLine());

        System.out.print("请输入离店日期 (YYYY-MM-DD): ");
        LocalDate checkOut = LocalDate.parse(scanner.nextLine());

        Booking booking = new Booking(bookingService.getAllBookings().size() + 1, room, person, checkIn, checkOut);
        bookingService.addBooking(booking);
        roomService.updateRoomAvailability(roomId, false);
        System.out.println("预订成功！总费用为: " + booking.getTotalCost());
    }

    private static void cancelBooking(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.print("请输入要取消的预订号: ");
        int bookingId = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();

        Booking booking = bookingService.findBookingById(bookingId);
        if (booking == null) {
            System.out.println("未找到该预订记录！");
            return;
        }

        bookingService.cancelBooking(bookingId);
        roomService.updateRoomAvailability(booking.getRoom().getRoomId(), true);
        System.out.println("预订已取消！");
    }
}

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六、运行与测试

1. 在 Eclipse 中右键 MainUI.java → Run As → Java Application
2. 按照提示操作，进行房间管理、人员管理和预订管理。
3. 可以通过修改代码添加更多功能，例如：
   • 数据持久化（保存到文件）
   • 更复杂的查询功能
   • 增加管理员登录验证

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七、毕业设计建议

1. 项目结构清晰

• 包含 Model、Service、UI 层
• 采用面向对象的设计思想

2. 文档说明

• 编写《需求分析》《系统设计》《数据库设计》《测试报告》
• 附上源代码和运行截图

3. 扩展性建议

• 可以使用 JDBC 连接 MySQL 数据库实现数据持久化
• 使用 Swing 或 JavaFX 实现图形界面
• 添加日志记录功能

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八、总结

| 步骤 | 内容 | |------|------| | 1 | 安装 Java 11 和 Eclipse 2019 | | 2 | 创建 Java 项目及包结构 | | 3 | 设计房间、人员、预订等模型类 | | 4 | 实现房间管理、预订管理的服务类 | | 5 | 开发控制台 UI 界面，实现交互功能 | | 6 | 测试系统，确保功能完整 |

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如果你需要我帮你生成完整的项目结构、打包成 .zip 文件，或者提供更详细的毕业设计文档模板，也可以告诉我，我可以进一步帮助你！