stm32h755ADC输出乱码

Question

使用stm32h755zi
串口没问题
ADC配置之后串口终端输出乱码

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

#ifndef HSEM_ID_0
#define HSEM_ID_0 (0U) /* HW semaphore 0*/
#endif

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc3;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
void PeriphCommonClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_ADC3_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
    //uint8_t senddata[4] = {0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44};


  /* USER CODE END 1 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN Boot_Mode_Sequence_0 */
  int32_t timeout;
/* USER CODE END Boot_Mode_Sequence_0 */

/* USER CODE BEGIN Boot_Mode_Sequence_1 */
  /* Wait until CPU2 boots and enters in stop mode or timeout*/
  timeout = 0xFFFF;
  while((__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_D2CKRDY) != RESET) && (timeout-- > 0));
  if ( timeout < 0 )
  {
  Error_Handler();
  }
/* USER CODE END Boot_Mode_Sequence_1 */
  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

/* Configure the peripherals common clocks */
  PeriphCommonClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Boot_Mode_Sequence_2 */
/* When system initialization is finished, Cortex-M7 will release Cortex-M4 by means of
HSEM notification */
/*HW semaphore Clock enable*/
__HAL_RCC_HSEM_CLK_ENABLE();
/*Take HSEM */
HAL_HSEM_FastTake(HSEM_ID_0);
/*Release HSEM in order to notify the CPU2(CM4)*/
HAL_HSEM_Release(HSEM_ID_0,0);
/* wait until CPU2 wakes up from stop mode */
timeout = 0xFFFF;
while((__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_D2CKRDY) == RESET) && (timeout-- > 0));
if ( timeout < 0 )
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE END Boot_Mode_Sequence_2 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_ADC3_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  uint16_t adcx[1] = {0};


  while (1)

  {   adc_channel_set(&hadc3 , ADC_CHANNEL_8, ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1, ADC_SAMPLETIME_810CYCLES_5);    /* 设置通道，序列和采样时间 */

     HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc3);                            /* �?????启ADC */
      adcx[0] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc3);

      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2,adcx,sizeof(adcx),1000);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

       HAL_Delay(200);
       HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
       HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

        HAL_Delay(200);


    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Supply configuration update enable
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ConfigSupply(PWR_DIRECT_SMPS_SUPPLY);

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  while(!__HAL_PWR_GET_FLAG(PWR_FLAG_VOSRDY)) {}

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_BYPASS;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 50;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1VCOWIDE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D3PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D1PCLK1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_APB3_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_APB1_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_APB2_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB4CLKDivider = RCC_APB4_DIV2;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief Peripherals Common Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void PeriphCommonClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the peripherals clock
  */
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_CKPER;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.CkperClockSelection = RCC_CLKPSOURCE_HSE;
  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief ADC3 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_ADC3_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC3_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC3_Init 0 */

  ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC3_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC3_Init 1 */

  /** Common config
  */
  hadc3.Instance = ADC3;
  hadc3.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_16B;
  hadc3.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
  hadc3.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
  hadc3.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
  hadc3.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc3.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
  hadc3.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc3.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
  hadc3.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
  hadc3.Init.ConversionDataManagement = ADC_CONVERSIONDATA_DR;
  hadc3.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
  hadc3.Init.LeftBitShift = ADC_LEFTBITSHIFT_NONE;
  hadc3.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
  if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Configure Regular Channel
  */
  sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_8;
  sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
  sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
  sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
  sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
  sConfig.Offset = 0;
  sConfig.OffsetSignedSaturation = DISABLE;
  if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc3, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC3_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC3_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief USART2 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
  huart2.Instance = USART2;
  huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
  huart2.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;
  huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOE_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, led1_Pin|led2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : led1_Pin led2_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = led1_Pin|led2_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : LED_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(LED_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOF, &GPIO_InitStruct);



/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void adc_channel_set(ADC_HandleTypeDef *adc_handle, uint32_t ch, uint32_t rank, uint32_t stime)
{
    ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef adc_ch_conf;

    adc_ch_conf.Channel = ch;                            /* 通道 */
    adc_ch_conf.Rank = rank;                             /* 序列 */
    adc_ch_conf.SamplingTime = stime;                    /* 采样时间 */
    HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(adc_handle, &adc_ch_conf);     /* 通道配置 */
}

/**
 * @brief       获得ADC转换后的结果
 * @param       ch: 通道�????? 0~17，取值范围为：ADC_CHANNEL_0~ADC_CHANNEL_17
 * @retval      �?????
 */
uint16_t adc_get_result(uint32_t ch)
{
    adc_channel_set(&hadc3 , ch, ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1, ADC_SAMPLETIME_810CYCLES_5);    /* 设置通道，序列和采样时间 */

    HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc3);                            /* �?????启ADC */
    HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc3, 8);            /* 轮询转换 */
    return (uint16_t)HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc3);        /* 返回�?????近一次ADC1规则组的转换结果 */
}

/**
 * @brief       获取通道ch的转换�?�，取times�?????,然后平均
 * @param       ch      : 通道�?????, 0~17
 * @param       times   : 获取次数
 * @retval      通道ch的times次转换结果平均�??
 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

Answer 1

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.

根据您提供的代码和问题描述，STM32H755 ADC输出乱码的问题可能有以下几个原因：

主要问题分析

1. ADC数据格式问题

您直接发送了16位ADC原始数据，但串口配置为8位数据长度，这会导致数据截断和乱码。

// 当前有问题的代码
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, adcx, sizeof(adcx), 1000);


// 应该改为字符串格式输出
char buffer[20];
sprintf(buffer, "ADC: %d\r\n", adcx[0]);
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t*)buffer, strlen(buffer), 1000);

2. ADC转换等待问题

您没有等待ADC转换完成就直接读取结果：

// 缺少等待转换完成的代码
HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc3);
HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc3, 100); // 添加等待转换
adcx[0] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc3);

3. 通道配置重复

在循环中重复配置通道是不必要的，应该在初始化时配置一次：

// 移除循环中的通道配置
// adc_channel_set(&hadc3 , ADC_CHANNEL_8, ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1, ADC_SAMPLETIME_810CYCLES_5);

修正后的主循环代码

uint16_t adcx[1] = {0};
char buffer[20];


while (1)
{
    HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc3);
    HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc3, 100);
    adcx[0] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc3);
    
    // 将ADC值转换为字符串发送
    sprintf(buffer, "ADC: %d\r\n", adcx[0]);
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t*)buffer, strlen(buffer), 1000);
    
    // LED控制代码
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_Delay(200);
    
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(led2_GPIO_Port, led1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_Delay(200);
}

其他可能的问题

1. 时钟配置：确保ADC和UART的时钟配置正确
2. 引脚配置：确认ADC通道8对应的引脚正确配置为模拟输入
3. 串口波特率：确认终端软件的波特率设置为115200，与代码一致

建议的调试步骤

1. 先发送固定的测试字符串确认串口工作正常
2. 逐步添加ADC功能，每次测试输出
3. 使用调试器查看ADC寄存器的值

请先尝试上述修改，如果问题仍然存在，请检查硬件连接和电源稳定性。