怎么在对话框里使用 CFrameWndEx 和CScrollView类呢？

Question

怎么在对话框里使用 CFrameWndEx 和CScrollView类呢？我已经分别写成子类 CUSERFramWnd和CUSERView了，那怎么像打开对话框一样去使用这些类呢？

Answer 1

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在MFC中，将 CFrameWndEx 和 CScrollView 结合使用在对话框中需要一些特殊的处理。以下是详细的实现步骤：

1. 创建自定义框架窗口类

// UserFrameWnd.h
class CUserFrameWnd : public CFrameWndEx
{
public:
    CUserFrameWnd();
    
protected:
    DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CUserFrameWnd)
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
    
public:
    virtual BOOL OnCreateClient(LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs, CCreateContext* pContext);
    virtual BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs);
    
    afx_msg int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);
    afx_msg void OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy);
};

// UserFrameWnd.cpp
IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CUserFrameWnd, CFrameWndEx)


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CUserFrameWnd, CFrameWndEx)
    ON_WM_CREATE()
    ON_WM_SIZE()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


CUserFrameWnd::CUserFrameWnd()
{
}


BOOL CUserFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
    if (!CFrameWndEx::PreCreateWindow(cs))
        return FALSE;
        
    cs.style = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE;
    return TRUE;
}


int CUserFrameWnd::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
    if (CFrameWndEx::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)
        return -1;
    
    return 0;
}


BOOL CUserFrameWnd::OnCreateClient(LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs, CCreateContext* pContext)
{
    return CFrameWndEx::OnCreateClient(lpcs, pContext);
}


void CUserFrameWnd::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
    CFrameWndEx::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);
}

2. 创建自定义视图类

// UserView.h
class CUserView : public CScrollView
{
public:
    CUserView();
    
protected:
    DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CUserView)
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
    
public:
    virtual void OnDraw(CDC* pDC);
    virtual void OnInitialUpdate();
    
    afx_msg void OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy);
};

// UserView.cpp
IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CUserView, CScrollView)


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CUserView, CScrollView)
    ON_WM_SIZE()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


CUserView::CUserView()
{
}


void CUserView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{
    // 在这里实现绘制逻辑
    CRect rect;
    GetClientRect(&rect);
    
    pDC->FillSolidRect(rect, RGB(255, 255, 255));
    pDC->TextOut(10, 10, _T("这是自定义滚动视图"));
}


void CUserView::OnInitialUpdate()
{
    CScrollView::OnInitialUpdate();
    
    // 设置滚动范围
    CSize sizeTotal(1000, 1000);
    SetScrollSizes(MM_TEXT, sizeTotal);
}


void CUserView::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
    CScrollView::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);
}

3. 在对话框中使用框架窗口和视图

// YourDialog.h
class CYourDialog : public CDialogEx
{
public:
    CYourDialog(CWnd* pParent = nullptr);
    
protected:
    virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);
    
    CUserFrameWnd* m_pFrameWnd;
    CUserView* m_pView;
    
protected:
    virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
    afx_msg void OnDestroy();
    
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

// YourDialog.cpp
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CYourDialog, CDialogEx)
    ON_WM_DESTROY()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


CYourDialog::CYourDialog(CWnd* pParent)
    : CDialogEx(IDD_YOUR_DIALOG, pParent)
    , m_pFrameWnd(nullptr)
    , m_pView(nullptr)
{
}


void CYourDialog::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
    CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);
}


BOOL CYourDialog::OnInitDialog()
{
    CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();
    
    // 创建框架窗口
    m_pFrameWnd = new CUserFrameWnd();
    
    CRect rect;
    GetDlgItem(IDC_FRAME_CONTAINER)->GetWindowRect(&rect); // IDC_FRAME_CONTAINER 是容器控件的ID
    ScreenToClient(&rect);
    
    CString strFrameClass = AfxRegisterWndClass(
        CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW,
        ::LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW),
        (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH),
        NULL);
    
    if (!m_pFrameWnd->Create(strFrameClass, _T("自定义框架"), 
                           WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, rect, this))
    {
        TRACE0("创建框架窗口失败\n");
        return FALSE;
    }
    
    // 创建视图
    CCreateContext context;
    context.m_pNewViewClass = RUNTIME_CLASS(CUserView);
    context.m_pCurrentFrame = m_pFrameWnd;
    context.m_pCurrentDoc = NULL;
    context.m_pLastView = NULL;
    
    m_pView = (CUserView*)m_pFrameWnd->CreateView(&context);
    if (m_pView == NULL)
    {
        TRACE0("创建视图失败\n");
        return FALSE;
    }
    
    m_pView->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
    m_pFrameWnd->RecalcLayout();
    
    return TRUE;
}


void CYourDialog::OnDestroy()
{
    if (m_pFrameWnd)
    {
        m_pFrameWnd->DestroyWindow();
        delete m_pFrameWnd;
        m_pFrameWnd = nullptr;
    }
    
    CDialogEx::OnDestroy();
}

4. 资源文件中的对话框定义

// 在资源文件中定义对话框模板
IDD_YOUR_DIALOG DIALOGEX 0, 0, 400, 300
STYLE DS_SETFONT | DS_MODALFRAME | DS_FIXEDSYS | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
CAPTION "包含框架和视图的对话框"
FONT 8, "MS Shell Dlg", 0, 0, 0x1
BEGIN
    DEFPUSHBUTTON   "确定",IDOK,340,10,50,14
    PUSHBUTTON      "取消",IDCANCEL,340,30,50,14
    CONTROL         "",IDC_FRAME_CONTAINER,"Static",SS_ETCHEDFRAME,10,10,320,240
END

关键要点

1. 动态创建：使用 DYNCREATE 宏支持运行时创建
2. 消息映射：正确处理窗口消息
3. 创建上下文：使用 CCreateContext 连接框架和视图
4. 资源管理：在对话框销毁时正确清理框架窗口

这样你就可以在对话框中像使用普通控件一样使用自定义的框架窗口和滚动视图了。