Regexp在字符串PHP中搜索精确短语

Question

i have an array containing some phrases:

$phrases = array(
  'phrase number one',
  'phrase number two',
  'phrase three',
  'phrase foo',
  'bar (foo 1.2.3)'
);

$text may contain part of phrase or exact phrase or phrase in the bbcode tags like this:

$text = '
  [b]phrase number one[/b] 
  [color="red"]phrase foo[/color]
  phrase three
  [b][color="red"]phrase foo[/color][/b]
  Lorem ipsum...
  [u][color="green"]phrase three[/color][/u]
  [url="http://example.com"]bar (foo 1.2.3)[/url]
  [url="http://example.com"][b]bar (foo 1)[/b][/url] dolor sit amet...
  phrase number two
';

i need to exclude that and search only exact phrase without bbcodes around it and replace: "phrase" => [other_bbcode]phrase[/other_bbcode]

foreach($phrases AS $phrase)
{
   $phrase = preg_quote($phrase, "#");
   if(preg_match('#(' . $phrase . ')+?#si', $text, $matches))
   {
      $text = preg_replace('#' . $matches[0] . '#i', '[other_bbcode]$matches[0][/other_bbcode]', $text);
   }
}

phrase three and phrase number two => replace
the rest text => stay as is
how to exclude phrases in bbcodes?
Thanks

Answer 1

This can be done in three steps.

A. Isolate. Remove all formatted strings from the text, place them in a buffer and replace with some kind of placeholder:

$buf = [];

do {
    $text = preg_replace_callback('~\[(\w+).+?\[/\1\]~', function($m) use(&$buf) {
        $buf []= $m[0];
        return '@' . (count($buf) - 1) . '@';
    }, $text, -1, $count);
} while($count);

B. Replace. Construct a regex from the phrases array and replace it in the "clean" text:

$re = implode('|', array_map(function($x) {
    return '(' . preg_quote($x, '~') . ')';
}, $phrases));

$text = preg_replace("~$re~", '[new]$0[/new]', $text);

C. De-isolate. Replace placeholders created on step A with their values from the buffer:

do {
    $text = preg_replace_callback('~@(\d+)@~', function($m) use($buf) {
        return $buf[$m[1]];
    }, $text, -1, $count);
} while($count);

Another (and more robust in the long run) option is to convert bbcodes to xml and use DOM methods to walk the tree and manipulate its nodes.