未捕获的PDOException：SQLSTATE [HY093]：参数号无效：参数未定义[重复]

Question

This question already has an answer here:

• SQLSTATE[HY093]: Invalid parameter number: parameter was not defined 2 answers

Uncaught PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY093]: Invalid parameter number: parameter was not defined on line 73.

What is this error ?

$stmtExec = $stmt->execute(); // the line 73

Employee.php

public function update($fields,$id){
    $st = "";
    $counter = 1;
    $total_fields = count($fields);
    foreach ($fields as $key => $value) {
        if ($counter === $total_fields) {
            $set = "$key = :".$key;
            $st = $st.$set;
        } else{
            $set = "$key = :".$key.",";
            $st = $st.$set;
            $counter++;
        }
    }

    $sql = "";
    $sql.= "UPDATE info SET".$st;
    $sql.= "WHERE id =".$id;

    $stmt = $this->connect()->prepare($sql);

    foreach ($fields as $key => $value) {
        $stmt->bindValue(':'.$key, $value);
    }

    $stmtExec = $stmt->execute(); // here is the line with the error

    if ($stmtExec) {
        header('Location:index.php');
    }
}

</div>

Answer 1

There are some syntax errors. Like no space after SET and before WHERE keyword. I have added and updated your code.

public function update($fields, $id) {
    $st = "";
    $counter = 1;
    $total_fields = count($fields);
    foreach ($fields as $key => $value) {
        if ($counter === $total_fields) {
            $st .= "$key = :" . $key;
        } else {
            $st .= "$key = :" . $key . ",";
            $counter++;
        }
    }
    $sql = "UPDATE info SET " . $st . " WHERE id =" . $id;

    $stmt = $this->connect()->prepare($sql);

    foreach ($fields as $key => $value) {
        $stmt->bindValue(':' . $key, $value);
    }

    $stmtExec = $stmt->execute();

    if ($stmtExec) {
        header('Location:index.php');
    }
}