go例程如何完美地交织？

Question

I'm surprised that go routines seem to interleave perfectly... After seeing this, I am starting to believe there's some missing information about the internals that I haven't learned about yet. Example:

$ go run x.go > output
$ grep ping output | wc -l
404778
$ grep pong output | wc -l
404777
$ cat x.go 
package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

type Ball struct{ hits int }

func main() {
    table := make(chan *Ball)
    go player("ping", table)
    go player("pong", table)

    table <- new(Ball) // game on; toss the ball
    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
    <-table // game over; grab the ball
}

func player(name string, table chan *Ball) {
    for {
        ball := <-table
        ball.hits++
        fmt.Println(name, ball.hits)
        //time.Sleep(1 * time.Millisecond)
        table <- ball
    }
}

However long you set the timeout in the player function (or remove it all together) you always get #ping == #ping +/- 1.

Answer 1

By default GOMAXPROCS is set to 1 and as a result you see this behaviour. If you increase GOMAXPROCS it will no longer be deterministic.

See this answer for an example

EDIT @DaveC disagrees however a simple test shows otherwise. The channels are synchonised yes, however the order of the goroutines executing is not. These are different concepts. Type in the above code, set GOMAXPROCS > 1 and run ...

➜  tmp  export GOMAXPROCS=2
➜  tmp  go run balls.go
ping 1
pong 2
➜  tmp  go run balls.go
pong 1
ping 2
➜  tmp

As you can see above the goroutines order of execution is not deterministic