SSH整合：No bean named 'TestService' is defined

Question

最近刚刚开始做SSH三大框架整合，搭建了好几天的开发环境，就卡在了Spring与Hibernate
整合上，

TestService.java
package com.zyf.test;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import cn.zyf.pj.domain.User;
@Service
public class TestService {
@Resource
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
@Transactional
public void saveTwoUsers() {
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
session.save(new User());
session.save(new User());
}
}
TestSpring.java
package com.zyf.test;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestSpring {
private ApplicationContext ac= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//测试sessionFactory
@Test
public void testSessionFactory() throws Exception{
SessionFactory sessionFactory =(SessionFactory)ac.getBean("sessionFactory");
System.out.println(sessionFactory.openSession());
}
//测试事物
@Test
public void testSaveUsers(){
TestService ts=(TestService) ac.getBean("TestService");
ts.saveTwoUsers();
}
}
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">


<!-- 数据连接信息
jdbc:mysql:///pj
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
root
abc123
-->

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

<!-- 其他配置信息 -->
true
update

applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->
/context:component-scan
<!-- 导入外部的properties配置文件 -->

<!-- 配置数据库连接池 -->

<!-- =========== 数据库连接信息 =========== -->




<!-- =========== 连接池的管理配置 =========== -->
<!--初始化时获取三个连接，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->

<!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。Default: 3 -->

<!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->

<!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->

<!-- 控制数据源内加载的PreparedStatements数量。如果maxStatements与maxStatementsPerConnection均为0，则缓存被关闭。Default: 0 -->

<!--maxStatementsPerConnection定义了连接池内单个连接所拥有的最大缓存statements数。Default: 0 -->

<!--最大空闲时间,1800秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置声明式的事务管理（采用基于注解的方式） -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

TestSpring.java
package com.zyf.test;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestSpring {
private ApplicationContext ac= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//测试sessionFactory
@Test
public void testSessionFactory() throws Exception{
SessionFactory sessionFactory =(SessionFactory)ac.getBean("sessionFactory");
System.out.println(sessionFactory.openSession());
}
//测试事物
@Test
public void testSaveUsers(){
TestService ts=(TestService) ac.getBean("TestService");
ts.saveTwoUsers();
}
}

对TestSpring进行单元测试，第一个方法正常执行，第二个方法报错No bean named 'TestService' is defined，并且在数据库中自动生成test_users表，困扰了好久了，麻烦大神指点一下！！！！

Answer 1

你用的是单元测试，获取的配置文件applicationContext中没有配置TestService类的bean。
解决办法：配置bean.

 <bean id="TestService" class="com.zyf.test.TestService">
    <property name="sessionFactory " ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

还可以用SpringJunit4Java进行单元测试，这样使用注解定义的Bean可以不用在applicatonContext中配置了，注解@Autowired就能生效了。
你需要保证TestService的包在注解扫描路径下，示例代码：

 import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.bohui.css.service.IUserService;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:spring-servlet.xml"})
public class TestSpring {

    @Autowired
    TestService  testService ;

    @Test
    public void testSaveUsers(){
        testService.saveTwoUsers();
    }

}