读取字符串字符时出错怎么解决

Question

问题遇到的现象和发生背景

我想要创建一个图书馆的类，我分了头文件、头文件的实现文件和主函数（main）文件。

问题相关代码，请勿粘贴截图

然后我是在main函数这里调用了一个函数，然后卡住了：

        int* seek = new int[30];
        for (unsigned int q = 0; q < d; q++)
        {
            for (int jiu = 0;; jiu++)
            {
                if (catalogueA.getCatalogue_all()[jiu].getBookID() == borr.getBookID_borrower()[q])
                {
                    seek[q] = jiu;
                    break;
                }
                else;
            }
        }
        for (unsigned int r = 0; r < d; r++)
        {
            catalogueA.setBookRecord_number_catalogue(seek[r]);
        }

运行结果及报错内容

我输入时只能输入一点

这是报错信息：

我的解答思路和尝试过的方法

源代码贴一下，不知道会不会太长了TAT
这是头文件：

```c++
// Library.h
 
#include <string>
 
 
#ifndef LIBRARY_H
#define LIBRARY_H
 
 
 
class BookRecord
{
public:
 
    BookRecord(std::string = "a", std::string = "a", std::string = "a", std::string = "a", int = 0, int = 0);
    ~BookRecord();
    std::string getBookID();
    void printBookRecord();
    unsigned int getBookNumber();
    unsigned int getBookNumber_now();
    void changeBook_number();
 
private:
 
    std::string bookID;
    std::string bookName;
    std::string firstName;
    std::string lastName;
    unsigned int year_published;
    unsigned int bookNumber;
    unsigned int bookNumber_now;
 
 
};
 
//................................................................
 
class Borrower
{
 
public:
    //Borrower();
    Borrower(unsigned int = 0, std::string = "a", std::string = "a", unsigned int = 0); //这个最后一个形参需要注意，可能会错
    ~Borrower();
    void printBorrower();
    void setBookID();
    int getBorrower_id();
    static int getBorrower_number();
    void test(unsigned int);
    std::string* getBookID_borrower();
 
private:
    unsigned int borrower_ID;
    std::string firstName;
    std::string lastName;
    unsigned int borrow_number;
    std::string* bookID;
    static int borrower_number;
 
 
};
 
//........................................................................
 
class Catalogue
{
    friend class Libraryy;
 
public:
    Catalogue();
    Catalogue(unsigned int);
    ~Catalogue();
    void setBookNumber_all_now(int);
    unsigned int getBookNumber_all_now();
    unsigned int getBookNumber_all();
    void printBookRecord(std::string);
    static BookRecord getBookRecord(std::string);
    void setCatalogue(BookRecord);
    static int findID(std::string);
    static unsigned int getBookRecord_number();
    void printCatalogue();
    BookRecord* getCatalogue_all();
    void setBookRecord_number_catalogue(int);
 
private:
    static int bookNumber_all;
    static BookRecord* catalogue_all;
    static int bookNumber_all_now;
    static int bookRecord_number;
    static int iii;
    
 
};
 
//............................................................................................
 
class Libraryy
{
 
public:
    Libraryy(Catalogue&, Borrower[]);//constructor
    ~Libraryy();   //destructor
    unsigned int getBookNumber_onLoan();
    Catalogue getLibraryy_Catalogue();
    void printBookRecord_number();
    void printBorrower_number();
    void printBorrower(int = 0);
    static void setBorrowerNumber(int);
    void setBorrower_list(Borrower[]);
    Catalogue Libraryy_catalogue;
    int getBorrower_number();
    void printBorrower_all();
 
private:
 
 
    static int bookNumber_onLoan;
    static int borrowerNumber;
 
    static Borrower* borrower_list;
 
 
};
 
 
#endif

```c++
#include<iostream>
#include"Library.h"
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
 
 
 
BookRecord::BookRecord(string a, string b, string c, string d, int date, int num)
    :bookID(a),
    bookName(b),
    firstName(c),
    lastName(d),
    year_published(date),
    bookNumber(num),
    bookNumber_now(num)
{
    int test = date / 1000;
    char test1 = a[0];
 
    //try {
    //    if ((test > 2 && test < 1) || (int)test1 < 65 || (int)test1 >= 97)
    //        throw std::invalid_argument("date must be 1*** or 2***, and the first letter of the ID must be an uppercase letter  ");
    //}
    //catch (invalid_argument& e)
    //{
    //    cerr << "\nException while initializing:" << e.what() << endl;
    //}
 
}
 
BookRecord::~BookRecord()
{}
 
string BookRecord::getBookID()
{
    return bookID;
}
 
unsigned int BookRecord::getBookNumber()
{
    return bookNumber;
}
 
unsigned int BookRecord::getBookNumber_now()
{
    return bookNumber_now;
}
 
void BookRecord::printBookRecord()
{
    cout << "Book ID:" << bookID << endl;
    cout << "Title:" << bookName << endl;
    cout << "Author:" << firstName << " " << lastName << endl;
    cout << "Year published:" << year_published << endl;
    cout << "Total number of copies:" << bookNumber << endl;
    cout << "Number available for loan:" << bookNumber_now << endl;
 
}
 
void BookRecord::changeBook_number()
{
    bookNumber_now = bookNumber_now - 1;
}
 
 
 
 
//分割线，上面是BookRecord类................................................
 
int Borrower::borrower_number = 0;
 
 
Borrower::Borrower(unsigned int a, string b, string c, unsigned int d)
    :borrower_ID(a),
    firstName(b),
    lastName(c),
    borrow_number(d)
{
    
    bookID = new string[50];
    setBookID();
    borrower_number++;
}
 
//////////
 
string* Borrower::getBookID_borrower()
{
    return bookID;
}
 
 
 
 
 
/////////////
 
void Borrower::setBookID()
{
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < borrow_number; i++)
    {
        if (i < borrow_number - 1)
            getline(cin, bookID[i], ';');
        else
            cin >> bookID[i];
    }
}
 
Borrower::~Borrower()
{
 
}
 
void Borrower::printBorrower()
{
    cout << "Borrower ID:" << borrower_ID << endl;
    cout << "Name:" << firstName << " " << lastName << endl;
    cout << "Number of loaned books: " << borrow_number << endl;
    cout << "IDs of books on loan: ";
    unsigned int i = 0;
 
    for (; i < borrow_number; i++)
    {
 
        cout << bookID[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}
 
 
int Borrower::getBorrower_number()
{
    return borrower_number;
}
 
int Borrower::getBorrower_id()
{
    return borrower_ID;
}
 
void Borrower::test(unsigned int a)
{
    if (a / 10000 == 0 || a / 10000 > 9)
        throw std::invalid_argument("Id must be five digits");
}
 
 
 
//分割线，上面是类Borrower....................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
int Catalogue::bookNumber_all = 0;
int Catalogue::bookNumber_all_now = 0;
int Catalogue::bookRecord_number = 0;
BookRecord* Catalogue::catalogue_all = new BookRecord[50];
int Catalogue::iii = 0;
 
 
 
Catalogue::Catalogue(unsigned int a)
 
{
    bookRecord_number = a;
}
 
Catalogue::Catalogue()
{
 
}
 
Catalogue::~Catalogue()
{}
 
void Catalogue::setBookNumber_all_now(int a)
{
    bookNumber_all_now -= a;
}
 
unsigned int Catalogue::getBookNumber_all_now()
{
    return bookNumber_all_now;
}
 
unsigned int Catalogue::getBookNumber_all()
{
    return bookNumber_all;
}
 
void Catalogue::setCatalogue(BookRecord cord)
{
    catalogue_all[iii] = cord;
    iii++;
    bookNumber_all += cord.getBookNumber();
    bookNumber_all_now += cord.getBookNumber();
}
 
void Catalogue::printBookRecord(string id)
{
    catalogue_all[findID(id)].printBookRecord();
}
 
BookRecord Catalogue::getBookRecord(string id)
{
    return catalogue_all[findID(id)];
}
 
int Catalogue::findID(string a)
{
    int i = 0;
    for (int e = 0; e == 0; )
    {
        if (strcmp(catalogue_all[i].getBookID().c_str(), a.c_str()) == 0)
            e++;
        else
            i++;
    }
    return i;
}
 
unsigned int Catalogue::getBookRecord_number()
{
    return bookRecord_number;
}
 
 
void Catalogue::printCatalogue()
{
    for (int a = 0; a < bookRecord_number; a++)
    {
        cout << "Book Record " << a << endl;
        cout << "=============" << endl;
        catalogue_all[a].printBookRecord();
    }
}
 
 
BookRecord* Catalogue::getCatalogue_all()
{
    return catalogue_all;
}
 
void Catalogue::setBookRecord_number_catalogue(int v)
{
    catalogue_all[v].changeBook_number();
}
 
//分割线，上面是类Catalogue...................................................................................
 
 
 
 
int Libraryy::bookNumber_onLoan = 0;
int Libraryy::borrowerNumber = 0;
Borrower* Libraryy::borrower_list = new Borrower[50];
 
 
Libraryy::Libraryy(Catalogue& a, Borrower b[])
    :
    Libraryy_catalogue(a)
{
    setBorrower_list(b);
}
 
Libraryy::~Libraryy()
{}
 
unsigned int Libraryy::getBookNumber_onLoan()
{
    return Catalogue::bookNumber_all - Catalogue::bookNumber_all_now;
 
}
 
Catalogue Libraryy::getLibraryy_Catalogue()
{
    return Libraryy_catalogue;
}
 
void Libraryy::printBookRecord_number()
{
    cout << Catalogue::getBookRecord_number();
}
 
void Libraryy::printBorrower_number()
{
    cout << Borrower::getBorrower_number();
}
 
void Libraryy::setBorrowerNumber(int pp)
{
    borrowerNumber = pp;
}
 
void Libraryy::setBorrower_list(Borrower pp[])
{
    for (int i = 0; i < borrowerNumber; i++)
    {
        borrower_list[i] = pp[i];
    }
}
 
 
void Libraryy::printBorrower(int a)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < borrowerNumber; i++)
    {
        if (borrower_list[i].getBorrower_id() == a)
        {
            borrower_list[i].printBorrower();
            break;
        }
        else;
    }
}
 
int Libraryy::getBorrower_number()
{
    return borrowerNumber;
}
 
void Libraryy::printBorrower_all()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < borrowerNumber; i++)
    {
        cout << "Borrower " << i << endl << "===========" << endl;
        borrower_list[i].printBorrower();
    }
}

这是main：

#include<iostream>
#include"Library.h"
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;
 
 
int main()
{
    unsigned int u = 0;
    cin >> u;
 
    string ID, bn, fn, ln;
    string datep;
    int date = 0, num = 0;
 
    Catalogue catalogueA(u); //这里我创建好了整个图书馆总共有多少种书。
 
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < u; i++)
    {
        stringstream temp;
        getline(cin, ID, ';');
        getline(cin, bn, ';');
        cin >> fn;
        getline(cin, ln, ';');
        getline(cin, datep, ';');
 
        temp << datep;
        temp >> date;
        cin >> num;
 
        BookRecord a(ID, bn, fn, ln, date, num);
        catalogueA.setCatalogue(a);
    }
    //这里我创建好了图书馆所拥有的书的信息
 
 
    int borrnum = 0;
    cin >> borrnum;
 
    Libraryy::setBorrowerNumber(borrnum);
    string aa, dd;
    unsigned int a = 0, d = 0;
    string b, c;
    Borrower* bow = new Borrower[50];
 
    for (int i = 0; i < borrnum; i++)
    {
        stringstream tempp, tempp1;
        getline(cin, aa, ';');
        cin >> b;
        getline(cin, c, ';');
        getline(cin, dd, ';');
        tempp << aa;
        tempp >> a;
        tempp1 << dd;
        tempp1 >> d;
 
        Borrower borr(a, b, c, d);
        bow[i] = borr;
        catalogueA.setBookNumber_all_now(d);
        /// <summary>
        /// //
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        int* seek = new int[30];
        for (unsigned int q = 0; q < d; q++)
        {
            for (int jiu = 0;; jiu++)
            {
                if (catalogueA.getCatalogue_all()[jiu].getBookID() == borr.getBookID_borrower()[q])
                {
                    seek[q] = jiu;
                    break;
                }
                else;
            }
        }
        for (unsigned int r = 0; r < d; r++)
        {
            catalogueA.setBookRecord_number_catalogue(seek[r]);
        }
 
    }
    //在这里我把借款人的信息都传到了Libraryy里
 
 
    Libraryy LibraryyA(catalogueA, bow);
 
    //这里是用构造函数把图书信息和借书人信息传到了Libraru里面。
 
    cout << "Total number of books on loan: "
        << catalogueA.getBookNumber_all() - catalogueA.getBookNumber_all_now() << endl;
    cout << "Total number of books in catalogue: "
        << catalogueA.getBookNumber_all_now() << endl;
    LibraryyA.Libraryy_catalogue.printCatalogue();
    cout << "Total number of borrowers:" << LibraryyA.getBorrower_number() << endl;
    LibraryyA.printBorrower_all();
 
 
 
 
 
}

我想要达到的结果

Answer 1

你运行图中的第二个3，应该是main函数中第38行的输入，下面第46行的for循环开始读取数据，读取的数据跟你输入的数据不匹配。cin>>b读取数据的时候，遇到空格就结束了。如下图所示：

你可以在一次输入结束后，在第58行（Borrower borr(a,b,c,d); ）之前，把a、b、c、d的值打印一下看看是否正确。