关于python面向对象中的self的用法

Question

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我在学习状态模式的时候

class state:
    def program(self, h):
        pass


class morning(state):
    def program(self, h):
        if h.hour < 12:
            print("精力充沛")
        else:
            h.setstate(noon())
            h.program()


class noon(state):
    def program(self, h):
        if h.hour < 13:
            print("午休")
        else:
            h.setstate(afternoon())
            h.program()

class afternoon(state):
    def program(self, h):
        if h.hour < 18:
            print("下午还行")
        else:
            h.setstate(evening())
            h.program()
class evening(state):
    def program(self, h):
        if h.finish:
            h.setstate(go_home())
            h.program()
        elif h.hour < 21:
            print("加班")
        else:
            h.setstate(sleep())
            h.pregram()

class go_home(state):
    def program(self, h):
        print("下班回家")

class sleep(state):
    def program(self, h):
        print("睡觉")


class work:
    state = morning()
    finish = False
    hour = 8

    def setstate(self, state):
        self.state = state
    def program(self):
        self.state.program(self)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    a = work()
    a.hour = 18
    a.finish = True
    a.program()

发现work类的program函数里的self.state.program的括号里必须要有self，没有的话就报错，这个self是什么意思，实在搞不懂，希望各位可以给解答一下，感谢

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Answer 1

因为这个方法里面要传参数,方法需要传递参数的时候不传递参数就会报错