From the documentation on log.Fatalln():
func Fatalln(v ...interface{}) Fatalln is equivalent to Println() followed by a call to os.Exit(1).
The source code for Fatalln:
310 // Fatalln is equivalent to Println() followed by a call to os.Exit(1).
311 func Fatalln(v ...interface{}) {
312 std.Output(2, fmt.Sprintln(v...))
313 os.Exit(1)
314 }
It seems the main difference is whether or now the error is recoverable (since you can recover a panic) - is there anything more significantly different between these?
Panic's interface definition is:
215 // The panic built-in function stops normal execution of the current
216 // goroutine. When a function F calls panic, normal execution of F stops
217 // immediately. Any functions whose execution was deferred by F are run in
218 // the usual way, and then F returns to its caller. To the caller G, the
219 // invocation of F then behaves like a call to panic, terminating G's
220 // execution and running any deferred functions. This continues until all
221 // functions in the executing goroutine have stopped, in reverse order. At
222 // that point, the program is terminated and the error condition is reported,
223 // including the value of the argument to panic. This termination sequence
224 // is called panicking and can be controlled by the built-in function
225 // recover.
226 func panic(v interface{})
It appears panic does not return anything.
Is that the primary difference? Otherwise, they seem to perform the same function in an application, assuming the panic is not recovered.