获取结构字段类型的简单字符串表示形式

Question

Using Go’s ast package, I am looping over a struct’s field list like so:

type Thing struct {
    Field1 string
    Field2 []int
    Field3 map[byte]float64
}

// typ is a *ast.StructType representing the above   
for _, fld := range typ.Fields.List {
    // get fld.Type as string
}

…and would like to get a simple string representation of fld.Type, as it appears in the source code, eg ”[]int” or “map[byte]float64”.

The ast package field type Type property is an Expr, so I’ve found myself getting off into the weeds using type switches and handling every type specifically – when my only goal is to get out the plain string to the right of each field name, which seems like it should be simpler.

Is there a simple way?

Answer 1

There are two things you could be getting at here, one is the type of an expression as would ultimately be resolved during compilation and the other is the code which would determine that type.

Digging through the docs, I don't believe the first is at all available. You can get at the later, however, by using End() and Pos() on Node.

Quick example program:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "go/ast"
    "go/parser"
    "go/token"
)

func main() {
    src := `
        package foo

    type Thing struct {
    Field1 string
    Field2 []int
    Field3 map[byte]float64
  }`

    fset := token.NewFileSet()
    f, err := parser.ParseFile(fset, "", src, 0)

    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // hard coding looking these up
    typeDecl := f.Decls[0].(*ast.GenDecl)
    structDecl := typeDecl.Specs[0].(*ast.TypeSpec).Type.(*ast.StructType)
    fields := structDecl.Fields.List

    for _, field := range fields {
        typeExpr := field.Type

        start := typeExpr.Pos() - 1
        end := typeExpr.End() - 1

        // grab it in source
        typeInSource := src[start:end]

        fmt.Println(typeInSource)
    }

}

This prints:

string
[]int
map[byte]float64

I through this together in the golang playground, if you want to mess with it.