如何在Go中生成随机uint64？

Question

Go's math/random library is missing a function to generate 64-bit numbers. This has been an open issue for about four years. In the meantime, what does a workaround look like?

Answer 1

The easiest would be to call rand.Uint32() twice:

func Uint64() uint64 {
    return uint64(rand.Uint32())<<32 + uint64(rand.Uint32())
}

Another option is to call rand.Read() (was added in Go 1.7) to read 8 bytes, then use the encoding/binary package to obtain a uint64 value from it:

func Uint64() uint64 {
    buf := make([]byte, 8)
    rand.Read(buf) // Always succeeds, no need to check error
    return binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(buf)
}

Note: as the doc of rand.Read() states, it always reads as many bytes as the length of the passed slice, and it always returns nil error, so no need to check error in this case.

Note #2: you could also use binary.BigEndian instead of binary.LittleEndian, as we're generating a random number using all its bytes, order of bytes is completely irrelevant.