在Go中，如何使用匿名字段方法获取TypeOf类型？

Question

How do I get the correct Type of the struct using the anonymous field (or superclass)?

I am trying to make this fish describe itself as a cod:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "reflect"
)

type Fish struct {
}

func (self *Fish) WhatAmI() string {
    return reflect.TypeOf(self).String()
}

type Cod struct {
    Fish
}

func main() {
    c := new(Cod)
    fmt.Println("I am a", c.WhatAmI())
}

The output I get is:

I am a *main.Fish

What I want is:

I am a *main.Cod

Answer 1

You are getting the correct answer. The answer you want to get is wrong.

In

func (f *Fish) WhatAmI() string {
        return reflect.TypeOf(f).String()
}

f is of type *main.Fish, it's even declared to be of that type (f *Fish). Thus it cannot ever be of type *main.Cod.

The probable source of confusion: The method set of Cod inherites the method set of its embedded, anonymous field Fish and doesn't override it. Thus invoking WhatAmI on an instance of Cod "delegates" the call to Fish.WhatAmI, but the receiver is now the embedded field of type *main.Fish.

Example with overriding the inherited method:

package main

import (
        "fmt"
)

type Fish struct {
}

func (f *Fish) WhatAmI() string {
        return fmt.Sprintf("%T", f)
}

type Cod struct {
        Fish
}

func (c *Cod) WhatAmI() string {
        return fmt.Sprintf("%T", c)
}

func main() {
        c := new(Cod)
        fmt.Println("I am a", c.WhatAmI())
}

Playground

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Output:

I am a *main.Cod