“获取”如何了解与远程存储库一起使用的版本控制系统？

Question

I am new to golang. I learned that go get serves as a package manager and contact remote repos with various version control systems.

So, given a package import path, how does go get decide which VCS to use? I always see below query string in the reqeust:

?go-get=1

So seems some protocol/convention here?

Answer 1

One of the nice things about Go is that everything is in, well, Go :-) Including almost all of the standard library and tools.

In cmd/go/vcs.go we can see how this is done, and in cmd/go/alldocs.go it is documented.

Specifically, look at repoRootForImportPath:

// repoRootForImportPath analyzes importPath to determine the
// version control system, and code repository to use.
func repoRootForImportPath(importPath string, security securityMode) (*repoRoot, error) {

What this does is:

1. vcsPaths holds a static lists of "known hosts". For some (e.g. GitHub) this is easy and we can just set the VCS. For others (e.g. BitBucket) a callback function is used which examines the URL to see which repo can be used.

2. If that fails, it tries to look at a "VCS extension" in the path, such as example.com/foo.git or example.com/foo.git/dir.

3. And finally go get will look for a go-import meta tag, which looks like:

   <meta name="go-import" content="example.com/path git https://github.com/Example/repo.git">
   

   Also see parseMetaGoImports(). Vanity Imports with Hugo is a nice introduction on how to use this.

There is no real "auto-detection" mechanism. So if you repo lives at https://example.com/stuff then go get example.com/stuff will not work. You need the extension or meta tags.

The go-get=1 parameter is added so that it's easy for website builders to see that this is a request from go get, which may be useful in some cases.