参见 http://stackoverflow.com/a/24109800/1058916
下面是一些例子:
int i;
int&& f();
auto x3a = i; // decltype(x3a) is int
decltype(auto) x3d = i; // decltype(x3d) is int
auto x4a = (i); // decltype(x4a) is int
decltype(auto) x4d = (i); // decltype(x4d) is int&
auto x5a = f(); // decltype(x5a) is int
decltype(auto) x5d = f(); // decltype(x5d) is int&&
auto x6a = { 1, 2 }; // decltype(x6a) is std::initializer_list<int>
decltype(auto) x6d = { 1, 2 }; // error, { 1, 2 } is not an expression
auto *x7a = &i; // decltype(x7a) is int*
decltype(auto)*x7d = &i; // error, declared type is not plain decltype(auto)