Python 读取 TDMS 文件

Question

专家好，

想咨询如何用Python处理TDMS 文件，并将其成功转换为EXCEL 格式的数据。 我网上看了这样一个代码

import xlwt
import codecs
import os

"""
├─tdms_scripts
│  ├─excel
│  └─tdms
│──tmds2excel.py
"""

# 改为你的tmds文件夹！的路径，比如0静止
root_path = r'C:\Users\'
# 修改这里，第0个为1，第1个从1001开始
task_num = 0
# 创建一个excel文件夹
try:
    os.mkdir(os.path.join(root_path, 'excel' + str(task_num)))
except:
    pass
tdms_files = os.listdir(os.path.join(root_path,'tdms' ))
# 将文件名从小到大排序
tdms_files.sort()
# [print(t) for t in tdms_files]

file_count = 1 + task_num * 1000
for tdms_file in tdms_files:
    print("tdms_file:", tdms_file, end='\t')
    sheetName = 'Sheet1'
    start_row = 0
    start_col = 0

    wb = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
    ws = wb.add_sheet(sheetName)
    tdms_path = os.path.join(root_path, 'tdms', tdms_file)
    f = open(tdms_path, encoding='utf-8')

    row_excel = start_row
    for line in f:
        # 消除换行符
        line = line.strip('\n')
        # 以制表符'\t'作为切分对象，将长字符串，转为短字符串列表；
        # 如果原数据用空格切分，则line = line.split(' ')
        line = line.split('\t')

        col_excel = start_col
        len_line = len(line)
        for j in range(len_line):
            ws.write(row_excel, col_excel, line[j])
            col_excel += 1
            excel_path = os.path.join(root_path, 'excel' + str(task_num), str(file_count) + '.xls')
            # 如果用原名，用下面的句子
            # excel_path = os.path.join(root_path, 'excel', tdms_file.replace('tdms', 'xls'))
            wb.save(excel_path)

        row_excel += 1

    f.close
    print("excel_path:", excel_path)
    file_count += 1

但是会报错
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xff in position 0: invalid start byte

根据网上的提示，我把utf-8 改成了utf-16， 又出现了这样的错误
UnicodeError: UTF-16 stream does not start with BOM

不知专家有知道问题出到哪儿了吗？或者说专家有更好的处理TDMS 文件的办法？

Answer 1

这种错误可能是编码的问题！可是使用chardet检测编码。或者尝试各种编码：

#PYTHON
encodings = ['utf-8', 'windows-1250', 'windows-1252'] # add more
            for e in encodings:
                try:
                    fh = codecs.open('file.txt', 'r', encoding=e)
                    fh.readlines()
                    fh.seek(0)
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    print('got unicode error with %s , trying different encoding' % e)
                else:
                    print('opening the file with encoding:  %s ' % e)
                    break       

另外，好像有专门将TDMS文件导入到Excel的软件：

这种文件好像是这种格式，读取起来大概不困难吧

具体可以参考网站：The NI TDMS File Format