关于怎么优化selenium定位语句？？

Question

本人正在练习通过selenium爬取上市公司年报，试了很久才写出如下效果，但其中的selenium定位语句，实在不知道怎么优化，试了很多次，每次都报错，所以期待有高人可以拨冗指点，谢谢！

```python

import re
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import requests


def main( out_fold ):

    url = "https://gu.qq.com/sh600018/gp/jbnb/"
    file_list = {}

    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--log-level=3')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu') # 禁用gpu
    chrome_options.add_argument('--mute-audio')  # 关闭声音
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options, executable_path=r"E:/python_work/BrowseDriver/chromedriver.exe")
    driver.implicitly_wait(2) 
    
    driver.get(url)

    ul = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//strong[text()='公告标题']/../..") # 这块怎么一次性取到报告区域呢？？？
    lis = ul.find_elements_by_xpath('./*') # 每行报告记录

    for index, li in enumerate(lis):
        eles =  li.find_elements_by_xpath('./*')
        filename = eles[0].text
        
        file_list[ index ] = { 
                                "filename" : filename , 
                                "href" : eles[0].get_attribute("href") 
                                }

    for k in file_list:  # 遍历存储的 file_list
        if file_list[k]['filename'] =="公告标题":
            continue

        driver.implicitly_wait(2)     
        driver.get( file_list[k]['href'] )

        ele = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@class='yk_on']/../..") # 这块语句怎么优化，始终无法直接读取到iframe？？？？？
        ele1 = ele.find_elements_by_xpath('./*')
        ele2 = ele1[2].find_elements_by_xpath('./*')
        ele3 = ele2[0].find_elements_by_xpath('./*')
        pdf_src = ele3[1].get_attribute("src")

        r = requests.get( pdf_src )
        filename_full_path = out_fold +  file_list[k]['filename'] +  ".pdf"
        with open( filename_full_path , "wb") as f:
            f.write(r.content)
    
    print("over")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    out_fold = 'D:\\data_work\\财报分析模型\财报\\tt\\'
    main( out_fold )

```

Answer 1

一次定位取到报告区域，使用如下语句：

ul = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//div[@class='content']/div/div[2]/ul")

获取pdf网址使用：

ele = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[@class='content']/div/div[3]/div/iframe").get_attribute('src')

这部分代码进行调整修改即可：

driver.get(url)
ul = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//div[@class='content']/div/div[2]/ul")
#print(ul)
lis = ul.find_elements(By.XPATH,'./*') # 每行报告记录

for index, li in enumerate(lis):
    eles =  li.find_elements(By.XPATH,'./*')
    filename = eles[0].text
    
    file_list[ index ] = { 
                            "filename" : filename , 
                            "href" : eles[0].get_attribute("href") 
                            }
print(file_list)
for k in list(file_list.keys())[:2]: 
    if file_list[k]['filename'] =="公告标题":
        continue 
    driver.implicitly_wait(2)     
    driver.get( file_list[k]['href'] )
    ele = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[@class='content']/div/div[3]/div/iframe").get_attribute('src')        
    r = requests.get(ele,headers={'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.102 Safari/537.36 Edg/98.0.1108.55'})
    filename_full_path = out_fold +  file_list[k]['filename'] +  ".pdf"
    with open( filename_full_path , "wb") as f:
        f.write(r.content)
    time.sleep(1)

如有帮助，请点采纳。