走迷宫(广度优先搜索)
已知一个MxN的迷宫
求从(0,0)到(M-1,N-1)的最短路径
例如迷宫如下:O代表可通行,X代表不可通行
输出最短路径
7,7
6,7
6,6
5,6
5,5
5,4
4,4
3,4
2,4
1,4
1,3
1,2
1,1
1,0
0,0
走迷宫(广度优先搜索)
已知一个MxN的迷宫
求从(0,0)到(M-1,N-1)的最短路径
例如迷宫如下:O代表可通行,X代表不可通行
输出最短路径
7,7
6,7
6,6
5,6
5,5
5,4
4,4
3,4
2,4
1,4
1,3
1,2
1,1
1,0
0,0
import java.util.*;
public class MazeBFS {
// 迷宫地图
private char[][] maze;
// 迷宫大小
private int M, N;
// 上下左右四个方向
private int[][] directions = {{0, 1}, {0, -1}, {1, 0}, {-1, 0}};
// 记录已访问的位置
private boolean[][] visited;
public MazeBFS(char[][] maze) {
this.maze = maze;
this.M = maze.length;
this.N = maze[0].length;
this.visited = new boolean[M][N];
}
// 广度优先搜索
public List<int[]> bfs(int start_x, int start_y, int end_x, int end_y) {
Queue<int[]> queue = new LinkedList<>();
queue.offer(new int[]{start_x, start_y});
visited[start_x][start_y] = true;
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
int[] pos = queue.poll();
int x = pos[0], y = pos[1];
for (int[] dir : directions) {
int nx = x + dir[0], ny = y + dir[1];
if (nx >= 0 && nx < M && ny >= 0 && ny < N && maze[nx][ny] == 'O' && !visited[nx][ny]) {
visited[nx][ny] = true;
if (nx == end_x && ny == end_y) {
List<int[]> path = new ArrayList<>();
path.add(new int[]{nx, ny});
int cur_x = x, cur_y = y;
while (cur_x != start_x || cur_y != start_y) {
path.add(new int[]{cur_x, cur_y});
for (int[] dir2 : directions) {
int prev_x = cur_x - dir2[0], prev_y = cur_y - dir2[1];
if (prev_x >= 0 && prev_x < M && prev_y >= 0 && prev_y < N && visited[prev_x][prev_y]) {
cur_x = prev_x;
cur_y = prev_y;
break;
}
}
}
path.add(new int[]{start_x, start_y});
Collections.reverse(path);
return path;
}
queue.offer(new int[]{nx, ny});
}
}
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 迷宫地图
char[][] maze = {
{'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'O'},
{'X', 'O', 'X', 'X', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'X'},
{'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O'},
{'O', 'X', 'X', 'O', 'X', 'X', 'O', 'X'},
{'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'O', 'O'},
{'X', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'X', 'O'},
{'X', 'X', 'O', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'O', 'O'},
};
MazeBFS solution = new MazeBFS(maze);
List<int[]> shortestPath= solution.bfs(0, 0, maze.length - 1, maze[0].length - 1);
if (shortestPath == null) {
System.out.println("无法到达终点!");
} else {
System.out.println("最短路径为:");
for (int[] pos : shortestPath) {
System.out.println(pos[0] + " " + pos[1]);
}
}
}
}
测试地图自己换一下