qq_43712965 2023-04-10 00:28 采纳率: 60%
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micropython运行esp32,连接到了WiFi,电脑笔记本的,也是连接到WiFi,同一个WiFi,电脑上下载了mqttx,同时可以和emqx建立连接,但是esp32却不能连接本地服务器

通过thonny,micropython运行esp32,连接到了WiFi,电脑笔记本的,也是连接到WiFi,同一个WiFi,电脑上下载了mqttx,同时可以和emqx建立连接,但是esp32却不能连接本地服务器

img

micropython中umqqtsimple.py


import usocket as socket
import ustruct as struct
from ubinascii import hexlify


class MQTTException(Exception):
    pass


class MQTTClient:
    def __init__(
        self,
        client_id,
        server,
        port=0,
        user=None,
        password=None,
        keepalive=0,
        ssl=False,
        ssl_params={},
    ):
        if port == 0:
            port = 8883 if ssl else 1883
        self.client_id = client_id
        self.sock = None
        self.server = server
        self.port = port
        self.ssl = ssl
        self.ssl_params = ssl_params
        self.pid = 0
        self.cb = None
        self.user = user
        self.pswd = password
        self.keepalive = keepalive
        self.lw_topic = None
        self.lw_msg = None
        self.lw_qos = 0
        self.lw_retain = False

    def _send_str(self, s):
        self.sock.write(struct.pack("!H", len(s)))
        self.sock.write(s)

    def _recv_len(self):
        n = 0
        sh = 0
        while 1:
            b = self.sock.read(1)[0]
            n |= (b & 0x7F) << sh
            if not b & 0x80:
                return n
            sh += 7

    def set_callback(self, f):
        self.cb = f

    def set_last_will(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
        assert 0 <= qos <= 2
        assert topic
        self.lw_topic = topic
        self.lw_msg = msg
        self.lw_qos = qos
        self.lw_retain = retain

    def connect(self, clean_session=True):
        self.sock = socket.socket()
        addr = socket.getaddrinfo(self.server, self.port)[0][-1]
        self.sock.connect(addr)
        if self.ssl:
            import ussl

            self.sock = ussl.wrap_socket(self.sock, **self.ssl_params)
        premsg = bytearray(b"\x10\0\0\0\0\0")
        msg = bytearray(b"\x04MQTT\x04\x02\0\0")

        sz = 10 + 2 + len(self.client_id)
        msg[6] = clean_session << 1
        if self.user is not None:
            sz += 2 + len(self.user) + 2 + len(self.pswd)
            msg[6] |= 0xC0
        if self.keepalive:
            assert self.keepalive < 65536
            msg[7] |= self.keepalive >> 8
            msg[8] |= self.keepalive & 0x00FF
        if self.lw_topic:
            sz += 2 + len(self.lw_topic) + 2 + len(self.lw_msg)
            msg[6] |= 0x4 | (self.lw_qos & 0x1) << 3 | (self.lw_qos & 0x2) << 3
            msg[6] |= self.lw_retain << 5

        i = 1
        while sz > 0x7F:
            premsg[i] = (sz & 0x7F) | 0x80
            sz >>= 7
            i += 1
        premsg[i] = sz

        self.sock.write(premsg, i + 2)
        self.sock.write(msg)
        # print(hex(len(msg)), hexlify(msg, ":"))
        self._send_str(self.client_id)
        if self.lw_topic:
            self._send_str(self.lw_topic)
            self._send_str(self.lw_msg)
        if self.user is not None:
            self._send_str(self.user)
            self._send_str(self.pswd)
        resp = self.sock.read(4)
        assert resp[0] == 0x20 and resp[1] == 0x02
        if resp[3] != 0:
            raise MQTTException(resp[3])
        return resp[2] & 1

    def disconnect(self):
        self.sock.write(b"\xe0\0")
        self.sock.close()

    def ping(self):
        self.sock.write(b"\xc0\0")

    def publish(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
        pkt = bytearray(b"\x30\0\0\0")
        pkt[0] |= qos << 1 | retain
        sz = 2 + len(topic) + len(msg)
        if qos > 0:
            sz += 2
        assert sz < 2097152
        i = 1
        while sz > 0x7F:
            pkt[i] = (sz & 0x7F) | 0x80
            sz >>= 7
            i += 1
        pkt[i] = sz
        # print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
        self.sock.write(pkt, i + 1)
        self._send_str(topic)
        if qos > 0:
            self.pid += 1
            pid = self.pid
            struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 0, pid)
            self.sock.write(pkt, 2)
        self.sock.write(msg)
        if qos == 1:
            while 1:
                op = self.wait_msg()
                if op == 0x40:
                    sz = self.sock.read(1)
                    assert sz == b"\x02"
                    rcv_pid = self.sock.read(2)
                    rcv_pid = rcv_pid[0] << 8 | rcv_pid[1]
                    if pid == rcv_pid:
                        return
        elif qos == 2:
            assert 0

    def subscribe(self, topic, qos=0):
        assert self.cb is not None, "Subscribe callback is not set"
        pkt = bytearray(b"\x82\0\0\0")
        self.pid += 1
        struct.pack_into("!BH", pkt, 1, 2 + 2 + len(topic) + 1, self.pid)
        # print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
        self.sock.write(pkt)
        self._send_str(topic)
        self.sock.write(qos.to_bytes(1, "little"))
        while 1:
            op = self.wait_msg()
            if op == 0x90:
                resp = self.sock.read(4)
                # print(resp)
                assert resp[1] == pkt[2] and resp[2] == pkt[3]
                if resp[3] == 0x80:
                    raise MQTTException(resp[3])
                return

    # Wait for a single incoming MQTT message and process it.
    # Subscribed messages are delivered to a callback previously
    # set by .set_callback() method. Other (internal) MQTT
    # messages processed internally.
    def wait_msg(self):
        res = self.sock.read(1)
        self.sock.setblocking(True)
        if res is None:
            return None
        if res == b"":
            raise OSError(-1)
        if res == b"\xd0":  # PINGRESP
            sz = self.sock.read(1)[0]
            assert sz == 0
            return None
        op = res[0]
        if op & 0xF0 != 0x30:
            return op
        sz = self._recv_len()
        topic_len = self.sock.read(2)
        topic_len = (topic_len[0] << 8) | topic_len[1]
        topic = self.sock.read(topic_len)
        sz -= topic_len + 2
        if op & 6:
            pid = self.sock.read(2)
            pid = pid[0] << 8 | pid[1]
            sz -= 2
        msg = self.sock.read(sz)
        self.cb(topic, msg)
        if op & 6 == 2:
            pkt = bytearray(b"\x40\x02\0\0")
            struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 2, pid)
            self.sock.write(pkt)
        elif op & 6 == 4:
            assert 0

    # Checks whether a pending message from server is available.
    # If not, returns immediately with None. Otherwise, does
    # the same processing as wait_msg.
    def check_msg(self):
        self.sock.setblocking(False)
        return self.wait_msg()


2.MQTT客户端测试.py


import time
from machine import Pin  # ---- 添加 --------
import network
from umqttsimple import MQTTClient


def do_connect():
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print('connecting to network...')
        wlan.connect('TP    5555G', '2580.xuan')
        i = 1
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            print("正在链接...{}".format(i))
            i += 1
            time.sleep(1)
    print('network config:', wlan.ifconfig())


def sub_cb(topic, msg): # 回调函数,收到服务器消息后会调用这个函数
    print(topic, msg)
    # ---- 添加 --------
    if topic.decode("utf-8") == "ledctl" and msg.decode("utf-8") == "on":
        led_pin.value(1)
    elif topic.decode("utf-8") == "ledctl" and msg.decode("utf-8") == "off":
        led_pin.value(0)
    # ---- 添加 --------


# 1. 联网
do_connect()

# 2. 创建mqt
c = MQTTClient("umqtt_client","192.168.23.189")  # 建立一个MQTT客户端
c.set_callback(sub_cb)  # 设置回调函数
c.connect()  # 建立连接
c.subscribe(b"ledctl")  # 监控ledctl这个通道,接收控制命令

# ---- 添加 --------
# 3. 创建LED对应Pin对象
led_pin = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
# ---- 添加 --------

while True:
    c.check_msg()
    time.sleep(1)



运行之后,显示连接到了WiFi,但是出现:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 37, in <module>
  File "umqttsimple.py", line 68, in connect
OSError: [Errno 113] ECONNABORTED
>>> 

但是就算是重新尝试多次,本地服务器没有esp32的ip以及信息

我想要达到的结果:想连接到本地服务器
  • 写回答

3条回答 默认 最新

  • 克莱茵蓝l 2023-04-10 03:20
    关注

    可以使用以下代码实现:

    import network
    from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient
    
    # 设置WiFi连接信息
    ssid = 'your_wifi_ssid'
    password = 'your_wifi_password'
    
    # 设置MQTT连接信息
    mqtt_server = 'your_mqtt_server_ip'
    mqtt_port = 1883
    mqtt_user = 'your_mqtt_username'
    mqtt_password = 'your_mqtt_password'
    mqtt_topic = 'your_mqtt_topic'
    
    # 连接WiFi
    sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    sta_if.active(True)
    sta_if.connect(ssid, password)
    while not sta_if.isconnected():
        pass
    
    # 连接MQTT
    client = MQTTClient("esp32", mqtt_server, port=mqtt_port, user=mqtt_user, password=mqtt_password)
    client.connect()
    
    # 发送消息
    client.publish(mqtt_topic, "Hello from ESP32")
    
    # 断开MQTT连接
    client.disconnect()
    

    其中,your_wifi_ssidyour_wifi_password 分别为你的WiFi名称和密码,your_mqtt_server_ip 为你的MQTT服务器IP地址,your_mqtt_usernameyour_mqtt_password 分别为你的MQTT用户名和密码,your_mqtt_topic 为你要发送消息的MQTT主题。

    在运行代码之前,需要先安装 umqtt.simple 库,可以通过 Tools -> Manage packages 在 Thonny 中安装。

    另外,需要注意的是,如果你的MQTT服务器是在本地运行的,需要确保ESP32和MQTT服务器在同一局域网内。

    本回答被题主选为最佳回答 , 对您是否有帮助呢?
    评论
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