请教一个Python打印对齐的问题

Question

如图红线所示，为什么打印的结果没有上下对齐，代码逻辑哪里不对吗

def query_uid_gid_ugo():
    results = [['/thdfq_khsfb/pnc', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/map', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/percp', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/model', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/kznameq_bjzdkmmty', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/hjadernk_service', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/hjadernk', '600>>600>>555', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/thdfqos', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/svp', '200>>200>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_hdmap', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_map/nzpmap', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_map/parkingmap', '600>>600>>777', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_para/bjzdkmmty', '700>>201>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_para/swk', '700>>201>>775', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/ota_cache', '200>>200>>775', 'uid/gid校验结果异常！预期值为700、201', 'FAILED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/logs', '600>>600>>777', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/mja', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/eqz', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/dsv_knvr', '200>>200>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_rawknvr', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED']]
    return results


def formatted_print():
    headers = ["Skds/Public", "UID/GID/UGO", "DetailsInfo", "CheckResult"]
    data = query_uid_gid_ugo()

    column_widths = [max(len(str(row[i])) for row in data) for i in range(len(headers))]
    print(column_widths)

    header_line = "\t|\t".join(f"{headers[i]:<{column_widths[i]}}" for i in range(len(headers)))
    print(header_line)

    for row in data:
        row_line = "\t|\t".join(f"{str(item):<{column_widths[i]}}" for i, item in enumerate(row))
        print(row_line)


formatted_print()

出现其他情况格式更加错误

Answer 1

问题点: 为什么打印的结果没有上下对齐.
分析思路:
打印的问题从两方面着手：
1.python3, print函数默认输出的编码为utf-8,但是在Python 3中，所有字符串默认都是Unicode编码,
因此编码的不同,会导致统计的长度无效.（Unicode编码下的字符串长度对utf-8的编码有意义么?不含中文的情况下时,没问题）

可以使用以下指令确认打印的输出编码

import sys
print(sys.stdout.encoding)

比较含中文和不含中文的差异

a = 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！'
print(len(a))  # 18
print(len(a.encode('unicode_escape').decode()))  # 53

b = "DetailsInfo"
print(len(b))  # 11
print(len(b.encode('unicode_escape').decode()))  # 11

2.全角和半角的影响

c = 'uid/gid校验结果异常！预期值为700、201'
print(len(c))  # 25
print(len(c.encode('unicode_escape').decode()))  # 85

解决办法:
将全部数据从全角转成半角, 并且转成Unicode编码.这时数据就变得一致了.
缺点:虽然对齐了,中文在Unicode编码下是乱码.

import unicodedata


def query_uid_gid_ugo():
    results = [['/thdfq_khsfb/pnc', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/map', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/percp', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/model', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_khsfb/kznameq_bjzdkmmty', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/hjadernk_service', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/hjadernk', '600>>600>>555', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_plt/thdfqos', '600>>600>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/svp', '200>>200>>550', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_hdmap', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_map/nzpmap', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_map/parkingmap', '600>>600>>777', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_para/bjzdkmmty', '700>>201>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_para/swk', '700>>201>>775', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/ota_cache', '200>>200>>775', 'uid/gid校验结果异常！预期值为700、201', 'FAILED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/logs', '600>>600>>777', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/mja', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_knvr/eqz', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/dsv_knvr', '200>>200>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED'],
               ['/thdfq_rawknvr', '600>>600>>770', 'uid/gid/ugo校验结果正常！', 'PASSED']]
    return results

# 全角转半角
def full_to_half(text):
    return unicodedata.normalize('NFKC', text)


def get_max_length(data, _column_widths):
    """
    params: data list
    """
    # _column_widths = [0, 0, 0, 0]
    data_list = []
    for _index, _text in enumerate(data):
        _text_new = full_to_half(_text)
        data_list.append(_text_new)
        # encode('unicode_escape') 将字符串转换为 Unicode 编码，decode() 将编码转换为字符串，
        # 并用 len() 函数计算长度。注意要减去 string.count("\\u")，以排除转义字符对长度的影响。
        text_width = len(_text_new.encode('unicode_escape').decode())  # - _text_new.count("\\u")
        if text_width > _column_widths[_index]:
            _column_widths[_index] = text_width
    return data_list


def formatted_print():
    headers = ["Skds/Public", "UID/GID/UGO", "DetailsInfo", "CheckResult"]
    data = query_uid_gid_ugo()
    data.insert(0, headers)
    column_widths = [0, 0, 0, 0]
    # column_widths = [max(len(str(row[i])) for row in data) for i in range(len(headers))]
    data_new_list = []
    for _index, row in enumerate(data):
        _row = get_max_length(row, column_widths)
        data_new_list.append(_row)

    for _index, row_new in enumerate(data_new_list):
        row_line = "\t|\t".join(f"{item.encode('unicode_escape').decode():{(column_widths[i])}}" for i, item in enumerate(row_new))

        print(row_line)
    print(column_widths)

    # header_line = "\t|\t".join(f"{headers[i]:<{column_widths[i]}}" for i in range(len(headers)))
    # print(header_line)


import sys
print(sys.stdout.encoding)
formatted_print()