数据库迁移前后密码的读取方式不同导致识别到密码是错的

Question

在项目开发中进行mysql数据库迁移时账户密码正确，权限满足，但是系统提示用户认证失败，无法访问mysql数据库。并且在重启mysql服务之后依然没有解决问题。
这里是权限设置：

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON 2024_06_17_bigdata_subject_weak.* TO 'big_data_weak_user'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

这里是参考网上的修改密码：

mysql> ALTER USER 'big_data_weak_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

这里是密码插件设置：

mysql> ALTER USER 'big_data_weak_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

这里是项目的数据库设置： （ps：本人也尝试过使用 Django-environ以及本地配置文件来避免硬编码造成的前后密码读取方式不一致导致的密码识别错误，但是无用）

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': '2024_06_17_bigdata_subject_weak',#创建的数据库的名字
        'USER': 'big_data_weak_user',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',    #env('Database_Password'),
        'HOST':'localhost',
        'PORT':'3306',
    }
}

使用python3.8.10配置的虚拟环境：

(textmyenv(3.8)) C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system>pip list
Package               Version
--------------------- ----------
asgiref               3.2.5
certifi               2018.11.29
chardet               3.0.4
Django                3.0.4
django-environ        0.11.2
django-shortuuidfield 0.1.3
et-xmlfile            1.1.0
furl                  1.0.1
idna                  2.6
mysqlclient           2.2.4
openpyxl              3.0.10
orderedmultidict      1.0
Pillow                7.0.0
pip                   24.0
prettytable           0.7.2
pygame                1.9.6
PyMySQL               0.8.0
python-dateutil       2.7.5
pytz                  2018.7
redis                 2.10.6
requests              2.18.4
setuptools            69.5.1
shortuuid             0.5.0
six                   1.12.0
sqlparse              0.3.1
TimeConvert           1.4.3
tzlocal               1.5.1
urllib3               1.22
virtualenv            16.7.9
wheel                 0.43.0
xlrd                  1.2.0

下面是原始反馈：

(textmyenv(3.8)) C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system>python manage.py migrate
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 220, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 197, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 233, in get_new_connection
    return Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\__init__.py", line 90, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 699, in __init__
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 936, in connect
    self._request_authentication()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1165, in _request_authentication
    auth_packet = self._process_auth(plugin_name, auth_packet)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1230, in _process_auth
    pkt = self._read_packet()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1018, in _read_packet
    packet.check_error()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 384, in check_error
    err.raise_mysql_exception(self._data)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\err.py", line 107, in raise_mysql_exception
    raise errorclass(errno, errval)
pymysql.err.OperationalError: (1045, "Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)")

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 328, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 366, in execute
    self.check()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 392, in check
    all_issues = self._run_checks(
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 63, in _run_checks
    issues = run_checks(tags=[Tags.database])
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 72, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\database.py", line 10, in check_database_backends
    issues.extend(conn.validation.check(**kwargs))
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\validation.py", line 9, in check
    issues.extend(self._check_sql_mode(**kwargs))
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\validation.py", line 13, in _check_sql_mode
    with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 260, in cursor
    return self._cursor()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 236, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 220, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 220, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 197, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 233, in get_new_connection
    return Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\__init__.py", line 90, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 699, in __init__
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 936, in connect
    self._request_authentication()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1165, in _request_authentication
    auth_packet = self._process_auth(plugin_name, auth_packet)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1230, in _process_auth
    pkt = self._read_packet()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 1018, in _read_packet
    packet.check_error()
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\connections.py", line 384, in check_error
    err.raise_mysql_exception(self._data)
  File "C:\Users\arpro\Desktop\大数据专周数据库\标准模板\day4\student_system\textmyenv(3.8)\lib\site-packages\pymysql\err.py", line 107, in raise_mysql_exception
    raise errorclass(errno, errval)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1045, "Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)")

Answer 1

引自免费微信小程序：皆我百晓生

这个问题可能由于多种原因导致，让我们一步步排查：

首先，你需要确认以下几点：

1. 你的数据库用户（在这个案例中是 'big_data_weak_user'）是否有足够的权限访问数据库 '2024_06_17_bigdata_subject_weak'。你可以通过登录MySQL后执行 SHOW GRANTS FOR 'big_data_weak_user'@'localhost'; 来查看用户的权限。
2. 确保你的数据库密码是正确的。在这里你已经使用 ALTER USER 语句更改了密码，所以你需要确认在Django配置中使用的密码（'123456'）和你更改的密码是否一致。请注意，如果你在环境中设置了密码（例如使用 env('Database_Password')），你需要确保这个环境变量的值也是 '123456'。
3. 在Python中使用MySQL连接时，你可能需要使用MySQL的Native密码插件。在你的例子中，你已经使用 ALTER USER 语句将用户使用了mysql_native_password插件，这是正确的。
4. 检查你的Django配置是否正确。在你的配置中，数据库连接使用的是 'pymysql'，这是一种Python连接MySQL的库。你需要确认你的环境中已经正确安装了 'pymysql'，并且版本兼容。此外，你也需要确认数据库的主机名（'localhost'）、端口（'3306'）和数据库名（'2024_06_17_bigdata_subject_weak'）是否正确。

如果以上步骤都没有问题，但问题仍然存在，你可能需要尝试以下操作：

• 重新启动你的MySQL服务。有时候，修改用户权限或密码后，需要重启MySQL服务才能使更改生效。
• 检查是否有其他应用或进程占用了你的数据库连接，导致你的应用无法连接。你可以通过查看MySQL的进程列表（执行 SHOW PROCESSLIST;）来检查这一点。

最后，如果这些步骤都无法解决问题，我建议你查看是否有其他错误日志或信息可以提供更多线索。你也可以尝试在Django的settings.py中设置数据库日志级别为DEBUG，以获取更详细的错误信息。