两个按元素值递增有序的单链表A和B,编一程序将单链表A和B归并成一个新的递增有序的单链表C

Question

在vs2022中运行，到下面那段代码就报错了，不清楚怎么回事，希望有人可以解释一下，顺便优化一下代码，还请注释一下，毕竟你修改之后我未必能看懂。

//设有两个按元素值递增有序的单链表A和B(单链表A和B)，
//编一程序将单链表A和B归并成一个新的递增有序的单链表C
//(值相同的元素均保留在单链表C中)。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>

typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct node 
{
    ElemType data;
    struct node* next;
}LNode, * LinkList;

void CreLinkListTail(LinkList L, int n)
{
    LNode* s, * r;
    ElemType x;
    int i;
    r = L;
    printf("输入结点:\n");
    for (i = n; i > 0; i--)
    {
        scanf_s("%d", &x);
        s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        s->next = NULL;
        s->data = x;
        r->next = s;
        r = s;
    }
}

void OutPut(LNode* L)
{
    LNode* p;
    p = L;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        printf("%d ", p->data);
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("\n");
}

LNode* guibing(LNode* La, LNode* Lb)
{
    LNode* pc = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    LNode* p, * linshit = pc;
    
    p = La->next;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        LNode* r = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        r->data = p->data;
        p = p->next;
        linshit->next = r;
        linshit = r;
    }

    linshit = pc;
    p = Lb->next;
    while (linshit->next != NULL)
    {
        linshit = linshit->next;
    }

    while (p != NULL)
    {
        LNode* s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        s->data = p->data;
        p = p->next;
        linshit->next = s;
        linshit = s;
    }
    return pc;
}
int list_count(LinkList L) {
    LNode* p = L->next;
    int len = 0;
    while (p) {
        p = p->next;
        len++;
    }
    return len;
}

void list_bubble_sort(LinkList L)
{
    LNode* p, * q;
    int len = list_count(L);

    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        p = L;
        for (int j = 0; j < len - i - 1; j++)
        {
            if (!p->next) break;
            if (!p->next->next) break;
            if (p->next->data > p->next->next->data)
            {
                q = p->next;
                p->next = q->next;
                q->next = q->next->next;
                p->next->next = q;
            }
            p = p->next;
        }
    }
}

void main()
{
    int n, m;
    printf("请输入La的结点个数:\n");
    scanf_s("%d", &n);
    LinkList La = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    La->next = NULL;
    CreLinkListTail(La, n);
    printf("带头结点头插法--输出建立后的La单链表:\n");
    OutPut(La->next);

    printf("请输入Lb的结点个数:\n");
    scanf_s("%d", &m);
    LinkList Lb = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    Lb->next = NULL;
    CreLinkListTail(Lb, n);
    printf("带头结点头插法--输出建立后的Lb单链表:\n");
    OutPut(Lb->next);

    LinkList Lc = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    Lc->next = NULL;

    printf("输出归并后的Lc单链表:\n");
    Lc = guibing(La, Lb);
    list_bubble_sort(Lc);
    OutPut(Lc);
}

//在vs2022中运行，到这里就报错了
while (linshit->next != NULL)
    {
        linshit = linshit->next;
    }

//引发了异常: 读取访问权限冲突。
//**linshit** 是 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7。

Answer 1

修改处见注释，供参考：

//设有两个按元素值递增有序的单链表A和B(单链表A和B)，
//编一程序将单链表A和B归并成一个新的递增有序的单链表C
//(值相同的元素均保留在单链表C中)。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>

typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct node
{
    ElemType data;
    struct node* next;
}LNode, * LinkList;

void CreLinkListTail(LinkList L, int n)
{
    LNode* s, * r;
    ElemType x;
    int i;
    r = L;
    printf("输入结点:\n");
    for (i = n; i > 0; i--)
    {
        scanf_s("%d", &x);
        s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        s->next = NULL;
        s->data = x;
        r->next = s;
        r = s;
    }
}
 
void OutPut(LNode* L)
{
    LNode* p;
    p = L;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        printf("%d ", p->data);
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("\n");
}
 
LNode* guibing(LNode* La, LNode* Lb)
{
    LNode* pc = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    LNode* p, *q, * linshit = pc; //修改
    
    p = La->next; q = Lb->next;   //修改
    while (p != NULL && q != NULL)//修改
    {
        LNode* r = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//Lc 的新结点
        r->next =NULL;           //修改
        if (p->data <= q->data){
            r->data = p->data;
            p = p->next;
        }
        else{
            r->data = q->data;
            q = q->next;
        }
        linshit->next = r;  //将新结点链入 Lc 
        linshit = r;
        //r->data = p->data;  修改
        //p = p->next;
        //linshit->next = r;
        //linshit = r;
    }
    if (p){
        while(p){
            LNode* r = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
            r->next =NULL;
            r->data = p->data;
            linshit->next = r;
            linshit = r;
            p = p->next;
        }
    }
    else{
        while(q){
            LNode* r = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
            r->next =NULL;
            r->data = q->data;
            linshit->next = r;
            linshit = r;
            q = q->next;
        }
    }
    //linshit = pc;        修改
    //p = Lb->next;
    //while (linshit->next != NULL)
    //{
    //    linshit = linshit->next;
    //}
    //
    //while (p != NULL)
    //{
    //    LNode* s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    //    s->data = p->data;
    //    p = p->next;
    //    linshit->next = s;
    //    linshit = s;
    //}
    return pc;
}
int list_count(LinkList L) {
    LNode* p = L->next;
    int len = 0;
    while (p) {
        p = p->next;
        len++;
    }
    return len;
}

//void list_bubble_sort(LinkList L)  修改 这个函数不需要
//{
//    LNode* p, * q;
//    int len = list_count(L);

//    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
//    {
//        p = L;
//        for (int j = 0; j < len - i - 1; j++)
//        {
//            if (!p->next) break;
//            if (!p->next->next) break;
//            if (p->next->data > p->next->next->data)
//            {
//                q = p->next;
//                p->next = q->next;
//                q->next = q->next->next;
//                p->next->next = q;
//            }
//            p = p->next;
//        }
//    }
//}

void main()
{
    int n, m;
    printf("请输入La的结点个数:\n");
    scanf_s("%d", &n);
    LinkList La = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    La->next = NULL;
    CreLinkListTail(La, n);
    printf("带头结点头插法--输出建立后的La单链表:\n");
    OutPut(La->next);
 
    printf("请输入Lb的结点个数:\n");
    scanf_s("%d", &m);
    LinkList Lb = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    Lb->next = NULL;
    CreLinkListTail(Lb, m); //CreLinkListTail(Lb, n); 修改
    printf("带头结点头插法--输出建立后的Lb单链表:\n");
    OutPut(Lb->next);

    LinkList Lc = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    Lc->next = NULL;
 
    printf("输出归并后的Lc单链表:\n");
    Lc = guibing(La, Lb);
                       //list_bubble_sort(Lc);   修改
    OutPut(Lc->next);  //OutPut(Lc); 修改

}